基于UFLC-IT-TOF-MS技术的牡荆子中2个木脂素在大鼠体内代谢研究

目的对牡荆子中2个木脂素单体化合物6-羟基-4-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基)-3-羟甲基-7-甲氧基-3,4-二氢-2-萘醛(VB-1)和vitedoin A(VB-2)在大鼠体内的代谢情况进行研究。方法采用超快速液相色谱-离子阱飞行时间质谱(UFLC-IT-TOF-MS)技术,鉴定大鼠分别ig给予2个木脂素单体化合物后,粪便、尿液、胆汁、血浆中的代谢产物。结果发现并确证了2个木脂素原型及其11个代谢产物在大鼠体内的存在。通过代谢产物鉴定分析了其主要代谢途径,发现在大鼠体内这2个木脂素成分发生了葡萄糖醛酸化、硫酸化、羟化、羟化硫酸化、还原葡萄糖醛酸化和还原硫酸化等代谢反应。结论通过对2个木脂素单体化合物代谢产物的分析,基本阐明了其在体内的代谢过程,为进一步的药理活性及其机制研究提供了依据。     

桂花果实HPLC指纹图谱及9种化学成分含量测定研究

目的建立桂花Osmanthus fragrans果实HPLC指纹图谱及9种化学成分的含量测定方法,为桂花果实的质量控制提供科学依据。方法采用YMC-Pack ODS-A色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-水(含0.1%磷酸)溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,体积流量1.0 mL/min,柱温25℃,进样量10μL,检测波长210 nm,对不同产地桂花果实样品进样分析;采用国家药典委员会"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统"(2012版),建立桂花果实的指纹图谱,同时测定其中9种化学成分含量。结果对不同产地20批桂花果实样品进行指纹图谱研究,共标定了24个峰,指认出其中9个色谱峰。含量测定结果表明,女贞苷G13、特女贞苷、新女贞苷及红景天苷为桂花果实中主要化学成分。经方法学考察,测定方法的精密度和重复性良好,样品在24 h内稳定;红景天苷、毛蕊花糖苷、新女贞苷、特女贞苷、异麦角甾苷、女贞苷G13、槲皮素、芹菜素、山柰酚在一定质量浓度范围内线性良好,加样回收率均在95%～105%。结论建立的桂花果实HPLC指纹图谱及9种化学成分的含量分析方法稳定、可靠,可为桂花果实的质量控制及综合开发提供参考。     

地肤的各药用部位药用价值研究进展

地肤的各部位均具有药用价值。通过对地肤子、地肤苗、地肤根的化学成分、药理活性及临床应用等方面的文献进行检索,系统地梳理了地肤各部位的药用价值。地肤子、地肤苗中三萜皂苷等活性成分具有抗炎、抗过敏和抗搔痒等作用,这与其传统临床上的清热利湿、祛风止痒等功效相一致;地肤子、地肤苗、地肤根都具有降血糖作用,其降血糖作用与地肤所含皂苷相关。为更加有效地利用地肤这一植物资源,研制低毒、高效、不良反应小的抗炎、抗真菌、抗过敏及降血糖天然药物提供了理论依据和应用基础。     

Consumption of vegetables and fruits and risk of subtypes of head–neck cancer in the Netherlands Cohort Study

There is limited prospective data on the relationship between consumption of vegetables and fruits and the risk of head–neck cancer (HNC) subtypes [i.e., oral cavity cancer (OCC), oro‐/hypopharyngeal cancer (OHPC) and laryngeal cancer (LC)]. Therefore, we investigated these associations within the Netherlands Cohort Study, in which 120,852 participants completed a 150‐item food frequency questionnaire at baseline in 1986. After 20.3 years of follow‐up, 415 cases of HNC (131 OCC, 88 OHPC, three oral cavity/pharynx unspecified or overlapping and 193 LC) and 3,898 subcohort members were available for case–cohort analysis using Cox proportional hazards models. Total vegetable and fruit consumption was inversely associated with risk of HNC overall [multivariable‐adjusted rate ratios for highest vs. lowest quartile: 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.44–0.85, p trend 0.002] and all HNC subtypes, with the strongest associations for OCC. Total vegetable intake and total fruit intake were also associated with a decreased risk of HNC overall and HNC subtypes. No significant interaction was found between vegetable and fruit intake and alcohol consumption or cigarette smoking. In conclusion, in this large‐scale cohort study, consumption of vegetables and fruits was associated with a decreased risk of HNC overall and all subtypes. Consumption of vegetables and fruits (or of specific groups of them) may protect against HNC and its subtypes.     

基于遥感和地理信息系统技术宁夏枸杞适宜性的分布范围

宁夏枸杞为中药材枸杞子在《中国药典》中收录的唯一药用基原植物,其主要分布于我国北部的宁夏、甘肃、青海、内蒙、新疆等地,为常用大宗药材之一。由于需求量大,枸杞子早已供不应求,现大多数枸杞子为引种栽培品,但因各地生态环境、地理条件有诸多差异导致枸杞品质参差不齐,市场流通商品品质混乱。因此本文从文献、第四次中药资源普查与中药资源动态监测工作的基础上,确定出宁夏枸杞分布区域的海拔、年均温、年降水、土壤类型、坡向、日照时数6个因子的范围,并在遥感和地理信息系统(GIS)技术的协助下,结合野外实地调查验证,最终确定宁夏枸杞适宜分布区域。     

Local Hydrocortisone Acetate for Radiation Proctitis

In this article is described a means of controlling the disabling symptoms of a common complication seen in radium treatment of carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Four cases treated thus are presented; results were uniformly good.     

Role of pomegranate and citrus fruit juices in colon cancer prevention

Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States.Recent studies prove that though chemotherapeutic agents are being used for the treatment of colon cancer,they become non-effective when the cancer progresses to an invasive stage.Since consumption of certain dietary agents has been linked with various cancers,fruit juices have been investigated for their consistently protective effect against colon cancer.The unique biochemical composition of fruit juices is responsible for their anticancer properties.In this review,the chemo-preventive effect of fruit juices such as pomegranate and citrus juices against colon cancer are discussed.For this purpose,the bioavailability,in vitro and in vivo effects of these fruit juices on colorectal cancer are highlighted.Moreover,there is a scarcity of studies involving human trials to estimate the preventive nature of these juices against colon cancer.This review will support the need for more preclinical tests with these crude juices and their constituents in different colorectal cancer cell lines and also some epidemiological studies in order to have a better understanding and promote pomegranate and citrus juices as crusaders against colon cancer.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定果蔬中五种类胡萝卜素

目的建了高效液相色谱法同时测定果蔬中的叶黄素(Lut)、玉米黄素(Zea)、β-隐黄素(Cryp)、α-胡萝卜素(α-C)和β-胡萝卜素(β-C)的水平。方法均质后的样品经皂化、石油醚提取、水洗和浓缩后,以含2%水的甲醇-乙腈混合液(25:75)和叔丁基甲基醚为流动相,在Waters C30柱中分离,二极管阵列检测器检测,外标法定量。结果与结论上述5种胡萝卜素在0.05～10 g/ml范围内有良好的线性,相关系数r均大于0.997,三水平加标回收率均大于80%(α-C除外),每个加标水平的6次重复试验RSD<12.7%。该方法同时测定了蔬菜中的Lut、Zea、Cryp、α-C、β-C等5种类胡萝卜组分的含量,方法简便、快速、准确。用本法对市场春季常见蔬菜和水果进行了测定,测定结果与文献报道结果基本相符。