异型南五味子根茎中倍半萜类化学成分及其细胞毒活性

目的:对异型南五味子根茎中的倍半萜类化合物进行分离、结构鉴定和细胞毒活性研究。方法:将药材异型南五味子根茎阴干,粉碎成粗粉,用95%乙醇提取3次,每次1 h。减压回收提取液至无醇味后,将提取液用水分散,过聚酰胺柱色谱,依次用不同体积分数乙醇洗脱,得到水洗脱物,30%乙醇洗脱物,60%乙醇洗脱物和95%乙醇洗脱物。30%乙醇洗脱部位过小孔树脂柱色谱(MIC),不同体积分数乙醇洗脱MCI树脂,得到水洗脱物,30%乙醇洗脱物,50%乙醇洗脱物和95%乙醇洗脱物,50%乙醇洗脱物为富集得到的总倍半萜部位。以甲醇-水为流动相,用中压制备液相色谱对总倍半萜类部位进行分离,用TLC和HPLC对得到的组分进行合并。对于含有倍半萜的组分用高效液相色谱进行分离,分离得到单体化合物。得到的单体化合物用ESI-MS和NMR谱学技术进行结构确定。结果:从异型南五味子根茎中获得8个倍半萜类化合物,结构分别鉴定为1α-hydroxy-9-deoxycacalol(1),balsamiferine B(2),balsamiferine D(3),chaetopenoid A(4),chaetopenoid B(5),asterothamnone A(6),asterothamnone B(7),and 10-dehydroxy-melleoliede B(8)。体外抗肿瘤活性筛选表明,化合物2,6,7对人肝癌细胞(SMMC7721)具有抑制活性,半数抑制浓度分别为10.6,9.5和15.5μmol·L~(-1)。结论:倍半萜化合物1~8为从南五味子属植物中首次获得。     

白木香倍半萜合成酶As-SesTPS1基因的克隆、生物信息学和表达分析

目的基于前期对白木香Aquilaria sinensis转录组测序结果,从白木香总RNA中克隆白木香倍半萜合成酶基因(As-Ses TPS1),并对其进行生物信息学及表达分析。方法利用逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)从白木香总RNA中获得倍半萜合成酶基因As-Ses TPS1的c DNA全长序列;利用生物信息学手段对该序列进行相似性和同源性分析,并预测其编码蛋白的结构和功能;利用q RT-PCR技术检测该基因在白木香不同样品中的表达水平。结果得到倍半萜合成酶基因As-Ses TPS1,开放阅读框(ORF)全长1 671 bp,编码556个氨基酸,其与多条倍半萜合成酶基因具有较高相似性,并含有RRx8W和DDxx D的保守序列;该基因在白木香的沉香样品中高表达。结论 As-Ses TPS1的克隆及其生物信息学和在白木香不同部位表达差异性分析,为白木香倍半萜生物合成代谢途径的研究奠定基础。     

Alantolactone,a sesquiterpene lactone,inhibits breast cancer growth by antiangiogenic activity via blocking VEGFR2 signaling

Alantolactone (ALA), a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from several medicinal plants such as Inula helenium, has been identified to have attractive anticancer activity. However, its role in the inhibition of angiogenesis during tumor development remains unclear. In this study, we found ALA can inhibit the proliferation, motility, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. ALA also restrained angiogenesis in chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane and delayed the growth of human MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer xenograft in mice through angiogenesis inhibition. Furthermore, ALA suppressed the phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and its downstream protein kinase including PLCγ1, FAK, Src, and Akt in endothelial cells. Taken together, the antiangiogenic activity of ALA and its molecular mechanism are identified for the first time, indicating that ALA may be a potential drug candidate or lead compound for antiangiogenic cancer therapy.     

液相色谱-质谱法测定雷公藤浸膏中4种倍半萜类生物碱含量

目的建立一种灵敏、可靠的雷公藤浸膏中4种倍半萜类雷公藤生物碱含量的高效液相色谱-质谱检测方法。方法雷公藤浸膏样品经氯仿溶解后用稀盐酸（2.0 mol·L~（-1））提取,Waters Oasis.MCX小柱进行净化,以0.05%（V/V）醋酸-醋酸铵溶液（5 mmol·L~（-1））/乙腈（45/55,V/V）为流动相,采用Zorbax SB C_（18）柱（250mm×4.6mm,5μm）分离,应用高效液相色谱/大气压化学电离正离子选择离子监测模式（SIM）测定,雷公藤春碱、雷公藤定碱、雷公藤吉碱和雷公藤次碱的定量离子分别为m/z874、884、858和868。结果 4种雷公藤生物碱的绝对回收率为86.5%～96.0%,质量浓度在1.0～200.0μg·L~（-1）内具有良好线性,批内RSD〈7.4%,批间RSD〈9.3%,定量检出限均为1.0μg·kg~（-1）。结论本方法简便、灵敏、干扰少、特异性好,可用于雷公藤浸膏中4种倍半萜类雷公藤生物碱含量的检测。     

Two new sesquiterpene lactones from the supercritical fluid extract of Centipeda minima

Two new sesquiterpene lactones, minimolides G (1) and H (2), were isolated from the supercritical fluid extract of Centipeda minima. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive analyses of spectroscopic data including IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR. Compounds 1 and 2 displayed inhibitory activity against human nasopharyngeal cancer cell line (CNE) with IC₅₀ values of 61.4 and 28.7 μM, respectively.     

Sesquiterpene lactones of Aucklandia lappa: Pharmacology,pharmacokinetics, toxicity,and structure–activity relationship

The medicinal part of Aucklandia lappa(Asteraceae) is its dried root,which is one of the commonly used Chinese medicinal materials.Here we reviewed sesquiterpene lactones isolated from A.lappa over the past ten years in the following aspects of pharmacological activities,pharmacokinetics,toxicology,structure-activity relationship.Pharmacological activities consist of anti-cancer,anti-inflammatory activity,anti-immunity activity,anti-oxidant activity,antimicrobial activity,spasmolytic activity and so on.The extractive,showing similar pharmacokinetics parameters,may exert their various biological activities by the interaction of their α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone moiety with the thiol groups of biomacromolecules through Michael-addition.However,the poor aqueous solubility,non-selective binding as a Michael acceptor at undesired targets limited clinical translation of this class.In order to evaluate the potential effect of the extractive applied in clinical trial,the present review outlines information on pharmacological activities,pharmacokinetics,toxicology,and structure-activity relationship,as well as the future research directions of the extractive for further development and utilization of A.lappa.     

中国南海圆盘肉芝软珊瑚萜类成分研究

目的研究采自中国南海的圆盘肉芝软珊瑚的萜类成分。方法采用1H-NMR导向分离法,使用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱和高效液相色谱(HPLC)等方法进行化学成分分离,根据质谱(MS)、核磁共振(NMR)等波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。结果从圆盘肉芝软珊瑚的丙酮提取物的乙醚萃取部位中分离得到9个萜类化合物,分别鉴定为瑞士松烯A(1)、(E,E,E)-7,8-epoxy-1-isopropyl-4,8,12-trimethylcyclotetradeca-1,3,11-triene(2)、sarcophytonolide A(3)、deacetylemblide(4)、4Z,12Z,14E-sarcophytolide(5)、sarcrassin D(6)、emblide(7)、(4Z,8S,9R,12E,14E)-9-hydroxy-1-isopropyl-8,12-dimethyloxabicyclo[9.3.2]-hexadeca-4,12,14-trien-18-one(8)、β-榄香烯(9);其中化合物1~8为二萜类,化合物9为倍半萜类。结论化合物4是1个新的天然产物,并首次报道其13C-NMR数据。化合物1、3、5、8为首次从该种软珊瑚中分离得到。生物活性研究结果表明,化合物5对人蛋白酪氨酸酶(PTP1B)具有中等强度的抑制作用(IC50=15.4μmol/L)。