Secretory IgA adsorption and oral streptococcal adhesion to human enamel and artificial solid substrata with various surface free energies

In this paper, secretory IgA adsorption from a single component sIgA solution and from human whole saliva onto human enamel and artificial solid substrata with various surface free energies was studied as a function of time. ELISA indicated that screening or displacement of adsorbed sIgA by other salivary proteins occurred only on low surface free energy substrata, not on high surface free energy substrata such as enamel. In addition, the adhesion of three oral streptococcal strains (Streptococcus mitis BMS, S. sanguis 12, and S. mutans NS), also having widely different surface free energies, to sIgAcoated surfaces was studied. The adhesion of all three streptococcal strains was significantly reduced in the presence of a sIgA coating. However, ranking the adhesion data with respect to the various substrata revealed a similar order to that in the case of uncoated substrata, indicating that substratum properties were at least partly transferred by the adsorbed protein film to the interface with adhering micro-organisms. For S. sanguis 12 and S. mitis BMS, adhesion decreased proportionally with the amounts of sIgA detected by ELISA, but for S. mutans NS such relations with the amounts of sIgA detected on the protein-coated substrata were not found. Thus, for S. mutans NS a specific antibody effect seems to exist in addition to a non-specific protein effect like that observed for S. sanguis 12 and S. mitis BMS.     

不同喂养方法对烫伤大鼠免疫功能康复影响

目的观察3种不同喂养方法对烫伤大鼠免疫功能康复影响,探讨促进烧伤机体免疫功能康复方法。方法健康Wistar大鼠100只,随机分成药膳组、肉汤组、常规组(n=30)和对照组(n=10)。药膳组、肉汤组、常规组于伤后3、71、4 d各取10只,正常对照组假伤后立即处死取材,检测T淋巴细胞亚群和自然杀伤细胞(NK)细胞活性、血浆IgAI、gGI、gM、补体C3、C4含量、肠道sIgA含量。结果烧伤药膳组CD3+、CD4+、NK细胞活性分别为(61.87±6.75)%(、33.14±4.91%)(、9.68±1.31)%,IgAI、gGI、gM、C3、C4及肠道sIgA含量分别为(50.24±8.11)(、197.8±23.2)(、161.9±20.6)(、196.0±24.3)(、73.4±9.4)mg/L和(34.6±8.2)μg/mL,均低于对照组,CD 8+([34.33±2.87)%]高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);与肉汤组、常规组比较,药膳组各免疫指标均恢复较快(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论药膳喂养可以改善烫伤大鼠T淋巴细胞亚群分布,提高NK细胞活性和肠黏膜细胞sIgA水平,促进机体免疫功能康复。     

The level of urinary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) of patients with IgA nephropathy is elevated and associated with pathological phenotypes

Recent studies have demonstrated deposition of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in glomeruli of some patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN). The aim of this study is to investigate the levels of urinary sIgA in IgAN patients with different pathological phenotypes and whether it could be used as a non‐invasive biomarker for assessment of kidney injury in IgAN. Urine samples from 202 patients with IgAN were collected on the day of renal biopsy. Forty‐eight fulfilled the histopathological criteria of Haas‐I or II (group 1), 60 fulfilled Haas‐III (group 2) and 94 patients fulfilled Haas‐IV or V (group 3). Urine samples from 60 healthy sex‐ and age‐matched volunteers with negative urinalysis were collected as normal controls. Urinary sIgA was detected by sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and was corrected by urinary creatinine. In comparison with normal controls, the levels of urinary sIgA were significantly higher in IgAN [2·22 (0–43·82) μg/mg Cr versus 1·08 (0–16·49) μg/mg Cr, P < 0·001]. The levels of urinary sIgA were significantly higher in group 3 than that in group 2 and group 1 [3·54 (0–43·82) μg/mg Cr versus 1·63 (0–15·88) μg/mg Cr versus 0·91 (0–11·79), P < 0·001], and group 2 than group 1 (P = 0·014). The levels of urinary sIgA were associated positively with proteinuria (r = 0·443, P < 0·001), serum creatinine (r = 0·376, P < 0·001) and histopathological parameters, such as ratio of global sclerosis (r = 0·356, P < 0·001), ratio of total crescents (r = 0·339, P < 0·001) and ratios of cellular crescents (r = 0·231, P < 0·001). The levels of urinary sIgA were associated closely with histopathological phenotypes of IgAN and might be used as a non‐invasive biomarker to evaluate kidney injury in IgAN.     

非酒精性脂肪性肝炎大鼠肠道分泌液sIgA的变化

目的探讨非酒精性脂肪性肝炎形成过程中小肠分泌液sIgA和血浆内毒素水平的变化。方法 32只SD大鼠随机均分为对照组和模型组,对照组用普通饲料喂养,模型组通过高脂饮食建立大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,NASH）模型,并分别在8、12周末处死每组大鼠各8只,测定大鼠小肠分泌液中sIgA的水平和门静脉血浆中内毒素水平,测定小肠组织匀浆中SOD的活性和MDA的含量,并测定大鼠血清中TG、TC、ALT、AST,HE染色观察肝脏病理改变。结果 8、12周模型组较正常对照组大鼠血清TC、ALT、AST明显升高（P〈0.05）,肝脏病理分别表现为单纯性脂肪肝、脂肪性肝炎。8周末时模型组大鼠门静脉血浆中内毒素、小肠分泌液中sIgA的水平与对照组相比无明显变化（P〉0.05）;12周末大鼠NASH阶段与对照组相比小肠分泌液中sIgA的水平明显降低（P〈0.05）,门静脉血浆中内毒素水平与对照组相比明显升高（P〈0.05）。并且门静脉血浆内毒素水平与小肠分泌液中sIgA水平呈负相关（r=-0.873,P〈0.05）。8、12周末时模型组大鼠小肠组织匀浆中SOD活性明显降低,MDA含量明显升高（P〈0.05）。结论非酒精性脂肪性肝炎形成过程中小肠分泌液中sIgA明显降低,说明肠道免疫屏障受损,并且可能与肠道脂质过氧化增强有关,可能是NASH发生发展的重要发病机制之一。     

Dynamic changes in salivary cortisol and secretory immunoglobulin A response to acute stress

Psychological stress leads to the secretion of cortisol. While this psychoneuroendocrine response helps to maintain physiological as well as psychological homeostasis under stress, exaggerated release of cortisol can suppress aspects of immune function and have negative effects on health. The present study set out to investigate the dynamic changes in salivary secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and cortisol before and after acute stress, and to analyse the relationship between sIgA and cortisol trend. Thirty‐five healthy subjects took part in this study. All subjects underwent an acute stress test (mental arithmetic task). Salivary cortisol and sIgA responses were assessed repeatedly before the stress test, immediately after the stress test and 20 min after the stress test. The levels of salivary cortisol and sIgA both significantly increased after the acute mental arithmetic challenge. However, the increase of sIgA is transient; the sIgA fall was significantly correlated with the cortisol rise during the 20 min after stress (r = 0.569, p < 0.001). These results may help determine the timing of effective intervention in order to reduce the hypersecretion of cortisol and improve mucosal immune function. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

当归补血汤对隐孢子虫感染小鼠肠道局部免疫的影响

目的 探讨当归补血汤及其多糖对免疫低下小鼠感染隐孢子虫后的免疫调节作用.方法 用微小隐孢子虫卵囊感染免疫抑制的BALB/c小鼠,建立隐孢子虫感染的动物模型,再给该模型小鼠灌服当归补血汤及其多糖10天后,ELISA法检测小鼠肠道局部IL-2、IFN-γ、IL-4及sIgA的水平,HE染色检查肠道病理学改变.同时设模型组和正常组作对照.结果 当归补血汤及其多糖能不同程度促进隐孢子虫感染小鼠肠道粘膜IL-2、IFN-γ、IL-4及sIgA的分泌;肠道粘膜病理改变明显好转.结论当归补血汤及其多糖可调节小鼠肠道局部免疫并抑制隐孢子虫感染.     

磁疗配合超短波治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染的疗效

目的探讨磁疗配合超短波治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染的临床疗效和对小儿唾液sIgA水平的影响。方法将在我院进行治疗的反复呼吸道感染的患儿80例随机分为实验组40例与对照组40例,实验组进行磁贴配合超短波治疗,对照组仅使用磁疗进行治疗。观察比较治疗前后患者临床症状(乏力倦怠、面色苍白、多汗、遗尿或尿频等)的缓解情况并检测患者唾液sIgA水平,并对全部患儿随访一年。结果实验组临床症状缓解程度比对照组明显(p<0.05),实验组唾液sIgA水平比对照组高(p<0.05)。结论磁贴配合超短波治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染对患儿临床症状改善及提高唾液sIgA水平有明显效果,是治疗小儿反复呼吸道感染的有效治疗方法,值得临床推广应用。     

白术茯苓汤及提取组分对脾气虚大鼠肠道局部免疫功能的影响

目的:比较研究白术茯苓汤及其分离组分与组分配伍对脾虚大鼠肠道局部免疫的调节作用。方法:以灌服大黄厚朴枳实水煎液加饥饱失常法复制脾气虚证的动物模型,再给模型组分别灌服不同成分,用时设模型组和空白组对照。七天后称脾和胸腺湿重并计算脾指数及胸腺指数;用ELISA法检测大鼠肠道分泌性免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)的分泌水平。结果:治疗组各组脾指数除了低剂量组,皆与模型组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗各组胸腺指数除了白术内酯Ⅲ中低剂量组、络合物各剂量组、组分配伍低剂量组,与模型组比较提高明显(P0.05);sIgA分泌水平治疗各组与模型组比较明显提高(P0.05)。结论:白术茯苓汤及各提取分离组分对脾气虚大鼠模型的肠道局部免疫功能有不同程度的促进作用,其中以白术茯苓汤及多糖组最明显;各组分配伍有协同增效作用。