不同分辨率锥形束CT和全景片在根尖吸收诊断中的对比研究

目的 比较不同分辨率锥形束CT（CBCT）和全景片在根尖吸收诊断中的差异。方法 选取160颗单根前磨牙,用以模拟4种不同程度的根尖吸收：无（完整的牙根）、轻度（根尖区近中、远中、颊面、舌面1.0 mm直径和深度的洞形）、中度（0.4、0.8、1.2、1.6 mm根尖缩短）、重度（2.4、2.8、3.2、3.6 mm根尖缩短）。模拟完成后,对所有牙齿拍摄CBCT（0.2和0.3 mm分辨率）和全景片获取3组X线图像。经校正后,3名正畸临床医师通过对图像资料的分析对所有样本的根尖吸收程度进行诊断。采用McNemar检验对比分析采用不同成像技术诊断不同程度根尖吸收的正确率。结果 采用全景片诊断全部根尖吸收样本的正确率为57.5%,而采用0.2和0.3 mm分辨率CBCT的正确率分别为85%和81.3%。对全部样本的诊断,0.2 mm分辨率CBCT和全景片以及0.3 mm分辨率CBCT和全景片的差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。然而,对无、轻度、重度和全部根尖吸收样本的诊断,0.2和0.3 mm分辨率CBCT间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 相比于全景片,CBCT对根尖吸收具有更高的检出率。在根尖吸收的诊断中,0.2和0.3 mm分辨率CBCT诊断效能无明显差异,但0.3 mm分辨率CBCT对患者的辐射水平更低。     

成人依恋与人际冲突处理策略:658名军人与478名企业员工的差异

目的 探讨军人企业员工的成人依恋对人际冲突处理策略的影响.方法 采用随机整群抽样的方法,对辽宁、北京等地的企业共478人,在某野战部队和某部队汽车培训基地抽取官兵658人为调查对象,采用人际冲突处理策略量表(ROCI-II)、亲密关系经历量表(ECR)、关系问卷(RQ)进行了调查.结果 军人和企业员工样本的依恋类型分布差异显著,军人样本中安全型比例偏低,而轻视型比例偏高;在人际冲突处理策略上,军人和企业员工在统合、回避、竞争、顺从指标上没有显著性差异,但在妥协策略中军人得分[(30.54±8.23)分]显著低于企业员工[(31.36±5.84)分,t_((1120))=1.97,P<0.05];四种依恋类型的被试在统合策略上差异显著(F_((3,1009))=10.18,P<0.01);依恋回避与人际冲突解决策略中的统合、顺从、妥协存在显著的负相关(r=-0.31,-0.11,-0.13),而依恋焦虑则与退避、竞争、顺从、妥协都存在中等程度且显著的正相关(r=0.16,0.35,0.35,0.39,0.30).结论 成人依恋与人际冲突处理策略之间存在着一定的关系,且军人和企业员工也存在妥协指标上存在显著差异.     

A medico-legal definition of femicide

Femicide refers to the extreme form of violence against someone belonging to the female gender, i.e. the killing of a woman. Research shows that, to date, gender-based violence remains largely a hidden phenomenon with prevalence often being underestimated by official statistics and data missing in numerous countries. It can be argued that the under-reporting may be suggestive of a legislative gap that needs addressing.This work aims to reach a shared medico-legal definition of femicide stemming from a comprehensive review of the current legislation of countries around the world. In addition, it appraises forensic pathology studies focusing on the murder of women as well as the most relevant documents published by prominent international organizations fighting violence against women. Review of the literature shows a scarcity of national legislations concerning specifically femicide, despite the attention given to this phenomenon by international organizations fighting violence against women.Additionally, a non-homogeneous framing of the term femicide arises from the forensic pathology literature and national laws. Starting from one of the funding principle of medical ethics – autonomy – authors propose to define femicide as a murder perpetrated because of a failure to recognize the victim’s right to self-determination.This definition would give the forensic pathologist a central role in identifying femicide cases among the murders of women. A shared forensic approach is needed, ideally employing standardized methodology to compare international data and to standardize scientific research in the field.     

中医术语不可译性探究

通过对中医术语不可译性现象的研究及对中医术语丰富的文化内涵和独特的语言特征的分析, 总结了中医术语不可译性的形成原因, 并依据形成原因提出了几个补偿改善方案, 包括音译法、造词法、意译法和具体法。虽然文章肯定了中医术语在某种程度上具有一定的不可译性, 但由于民族间的文化交流是不间断的, 因此中医的不可译性不会是永恒的。     

研究生入学选拔工作的思考

当前，研究生入学考试及选拔工作主要存在着国家统一划定复试分数线与自命题科目难易程度不一、国家统一考试安全保密耍求与考试组织存在安全隐患、国家教育考试诚信要求与考试舞弊行为呈上升趋势和研究生选拔综合考核要求与知识素质能力考核脱节等矛盾。主要对策应考虑改革考试方式、建立诚信机制、构建评价体系和实施全程选拔。