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目的基于UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS技术阐明树舌灵芝主要成分,结合网络药理学探讨其防治新型冠状病毒肺炎的作用机制。方法采用UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS技术鉴定树舌灵芝的主要成分;采用Swiss Target Prediction数据平台对鉴定成分进行靶点预测,对核心靶基因进行GO和KEGG富集分析,运用Cytoscape 3.8.0绘制关联网络图,同时通过分子对接评价树舌灵芝核心成分与血管紧张素转化酶Ⅱ(ACE2)及3种新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)蛋白的结合作用。结果该研究从树舌灵芝中鉴定化合物62个;30个活性化合物主要作用在IL-6、PTGS2和MAPK1等32个核心靶点,通过PI3K/Akt、TNF及肺结核等多条与肺损伤保护相关通路,发挥防治COVID-19的作用;分子对接显示小白菊内酯、1,4-二羟基-2-萘甲酸和瑞香素等核心成分与ACE2及3种SARS-CoV-2蛋白的亲和作用较好。结论该研究初步阐明树舌灵芝的化学成分及潜在作用机制,为筛选树舌灵芝防治COVID-19的药效成分及深入阐明作用机制提供了科学的理论依据。  相似文献   
3.
Species identification of unknown biological samples is crucial for forensic applications, especially in cases of explosion, disaster accidents, and body mutilation after murdering, as well as poaching, illegal trade in endangered animals, and meat food fraud. In this study, we identified 60 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in fresh skeletal muscle tissues of seven different animal species (cattle, sheep, pigs, rabbits, rats, chickens and carp) and a human dead body by headspace-gas-chromatography ion-mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS), and compared their differences by retention time, drift time and molecular weight. The results showed that these VOCs formed different gallery plot fingerprints in the skeletal muscle tissues of the human dead body and seven animal species. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed significantly different fingerprints between these species, and these fingerprints maintained good stability between the species and within the same species. Some VOCs have high species specificity, while VOCs of human fresh muscle tissues from different individual sources have little difference, demonstrating that all tested muscle tissue samples could be distinguished based on different VOCs. HS-GC-IMS has proved to be a rapid, high-throughput, highly sensitive and specific species identification method, which can be used for forensic species identification in criminal cases and disaster accidents, as well as detection in the field of food safety, such as meat fraud and adulteration.  相似文献   
4.
Metastatic brain disease frequently complicates extra central nervous system (CNS) neoplastic disease, with an increase in reported incidence over time. Brain parenchyma is the commonest anatomical site, with other lesions involving the spinal cord, dura and tissues surrounding the CNS. Metastases are usually characterised by a well-defined border with surrounding brain, although some can show an infiltrative edge. The use of appropriate immunohistochemical panels can help identify the origin of most tumours, and molecular testing should be performed according to the site of origin even if performed on a previous specimen due to potential changes in molecular characteristics. Reliable detection of leptomeningeal metastasis using CSF cytology relies on examination of an adequate volume of fluid; immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry can also be useful in the correct settings. Advances in the field include liquid biopsies, where circulating biomarkers are examined, and the use of methylation profiling to identify primary tumours.  相似文献   
5.
Tsukamurella species are obligate aerobic, gram-positive, weak acid-fast, nonmotile bacilli. They are found in various environments, such as soil, water, sludge, and petroleum reservoir wastewater, and belong to the order Actinomycetales. In 2016, there was a reclassification of species within the genus Tsukamurella, merging the species Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens (T. tyrosinosolvens) and Tsukamurella carboxydivorans. Tsukamurella species are clinically considered to be a rare opportunistic pathogen, because most reported cases have been related to bacteremia and intravascular prosthetic devices and immunosuppression. To date, it has been isolated only from human specimens, and has always been associated with clinical disease; human infections are very rare. Reported infections have included pneumonia, brain abscesses, catheter-related bloodstream infections, ocular infections, bacteremia, and sepsis presenting with septic pulmonary emboli in patients who are immunocompromised. To date, there is no commercially available test for identification. On the other hand, sequence-based identification, including matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, is an alternative method for identifying clinical isolates that are either slow growers or difficult to identify through biochemical profiling. The golden standards for diagnosis and optimal management still remain to be determined. However, newer molecular biological techniques can provide accurate identification, and contribute to the appropriate selection of definitive therapy for infections caused by this organism. Combinations of several antimicrobial agents have been proposed for treatment, though the length of treatment for infections has yet to be determined, and should be individualized according to clinical response. Immunocompromised patients often experience severe cases due to infection, and life-threatening T. tyrosinosolvens events associated with dissemination and/or failure of source control have occurred. Favorable prognoses can be achieved through earlier identification of the cause of infection, as well as successful management, including appropriate antibiotic therapy together with source control. Further analyses of similar cases are required to establish the most adequate diagnostic methods and treatment regimens for infections.  相似文献   
6.
ObjectivesWe investigated whether nanopore 16S amplicon sequencing is capable of bacterial identification in patients with knee prosthetic joint infection (PJI), and we compared its efficacy with conventional culture studies.MethodsIn total, 36 patients who had clinical manifestation suspected of PJI were enrolled in this study. To begin, synovial fluids were aspirated from the affected knee using aseptic technique and tissues specimens were obtained during the surgery. Next, DNA was extracted from the synovial fluid or tissues, and 16S rDNA PCR was performed. In PCR positive cases, nanopore amplicon sequencing was then performed for up to 3 h. The results of amplicon sequencing were compared to those of conventional culture studies.ResultsOf the 36 patients enrolled, 22 were classified as true infections according to the MSIS criteria whereas 14 were considered uninfected. Among the 22 PJI cases, 19 cases were culture positive (CP-PJI) while three cases were culture negative (CN-PJI). In 14 of 19 (73.7 %) CP- PJI cases, 16S sequencing identified concordant bacteria with conventional culture studies with a significantly shorter turnaround time. In some cases, nanopore 16S sequencing was superior to culture studies in the species-level identification of pathogen and detection of polymicrobial infections. Altogether, in the majority of PJI candidate patients (32 of 36, 88.9 %), 16S sequencing achieved identical results to cultures studies with a significantly reduced turnaround time (100.9 ± 32.5 h vs. 10.8 ± 7.7 h, p < 0.001).ConclusionsNanopore 16S sequencing was found to be particularly useful for pathogen identification in knee PJI. Although the sensitivity was not superior to culture studies, the nanopore 16S sequencing was much faster, and species-level identification and detection of polymicrobial infections were superior to culture studies.  相似文献   
7.
把握状态是维护健康的关键。中医美容健康管理体系以状态辨识为核心,对皮肤、形体局部状态及整体健康状态进行辨识、干预、评价,从而对损美性疾病进行管理与维护。中医美容健康管理体系应重视三观并用及四态管理,即从宏观、中观、微观的三观层面采集皮肤、形体与整体状态的参数信息,整体审查、四诊合参,对皮肤、形体与整体所处的未病状态、欲病状态、已病状态和病后状态进行辨识和诊断,并运用相应的干预手段,对状态进行调整。同时,应规范中医美容健康管理服务的流程,着重解决中医美容健康管理体系构建中5个核心内容的关键问题,为求美者提供整体、动态、个性化的管理服务,对促进中医健康管理与中医美容的交叉与融合,维护人体的健康美具有重要意义。  相似文献   
8.
目的 基于网络药理学方法和分子对接技术探究冬虫夏草抗肿瘤的作用机制。方法 利用TCMSP、CNKI、PubMed、Drugbank、Stitch和Swiss target prediction等平台检索冬虫夏草的化学成分和作用靶点;通过GeneCards、OMIM等数据库筛选肿瘤相关基因,运用Cytoscape 3.7.2构建冬虫夏草活性成分-靶点网络,通过String数据库对关键靶点构建网络互作(PPI)网络,并进行基因本体(GO)基因和京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析,最后利用AutoDock Vina软件和Pymol软件对药物有效活性成分和关键靶点进行分子对接验证。结果 共得到冬虫夏草22个化合物,86个抗肿瘤共同靶点,主要包括环加氧酶(PTGS)2、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶3(MAPK3)、过氧化物酶体增生激活受体γ(PPARG)、胱天蛋白酶3(CASP3)、JUN基因等关键靶点。GO分析与KEGG通路结果显示,冬虫夏草抗肿瘤涉及到多种生物学过程以及PPAR、花生四烯代谢、5-羟色胺信号通路等多种信号通路。将关键化合物和靶点进行分子对接,提示冬虫夏草抗肿瘤可能的前5个主要活性成分11,14-二十碳二烯酸、花生四烯酸、黄豆黄素、胆甾醇和豆甾醇与关键靶点PTGS2、PTGS1、PGR、HMGCR和CNR1均能自发结合。结论 初步探讨了冬虫夏草抗肿瘤的主要活性成分、相关靶点及相关通路,发现冬虫夏草可以通过多成分、多靶点、多通路抗肿瘤,为后期实验验证提供了参考依据。  相似文献   
9.
目的:将彩色多普勒超声检查对肉芽肿性乳腺炎、乳腺癌的鉴别诊断价值进行分析。方法:对本院2018年3月~2019年3月收治的60例肉芽肿性乳腺炎患者与60例乳腺癌患者的彩色多普勒超声诊断进行回顾性分析,并将其超声表现进行对比与研究。结果:在60例肉芽肿性乳腺炎患者的超声结果中发现,52例患者为单发性肉芽肿性乳腺炎,38例患者病灶部位位于左侧乳腺,14例患者病灶部位位于右侧乳腺,8例患者为多发性肉芽肿性乳腺炎。乳腺腺体实性肿块37例,呈假肾征,且腺体可见稍强回声,60例乳腺癌患者超声表现均为实性肿块,且边缘不规则,腺体内部可见不均质低回声,边缘可见形态不规则,厚度不均晕环,肉芽肿性乳腺炎患者的病灶肿块范围明显大于乳腺癌患者(P<0.05)。肉芽肿性乳腺炎以及乳腺癌患者的超声声像图比较,差别较大(P<0.05)。结论:肉芽肿性乳腺炎与乳腺癌的彩色多普勒超声表现不同,可作为对肉芽肿性乳腺炎与乳腺癌鉴别诊断的首选检查方式。  相似文献   
10.
蕲蛇是《中国药典》收载的三种蛇类药材(含蕲蛇、乌梢蛇、金钱白花蛇)之一,具有祛风、通络、定惊止痉等功效,其药用价值和经济价值较高,市场需求量较大,为贵细药材。近年来,由于野生资源逐渐匮乏,在经济利益驱使下,蕲蛇商品普遍存在着伪品、混淆品、掺假品,这种质量不一、以次充好、以假代真的情况容易导致用药安全问题。本文通过总结蕲蛇的性状鉴别、显微鉴别、理化鉴别和分子鉴别,以期为蕲蛇等蛇类药材的真伪鉴别和质量的优劣检测提供思路,为进一步鉴别研究、制剂开发提供参考依据,确保用药质量。  相似文献   
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