Familias Unidas: The Efficacy of an Intervention to Promote Parental Investment in Hispanic Immigrant Families

This paper reports a test of the efficacy of Familias Unidas, a Hispanic-specific, ecologically focused, parent-centered preventive intervention, in promoting protection against and reducing risk for adolescent behavior problems. Specifically, the intervention was designed to foster parental investment, reduce adolescent behavior problems, and promote adolescent school bonding/academic achievement, all protective factors against drug abuse and delinquency. One-hundred sixty seven Hispanic families of 6th and 7th grade students from three South Florida public schools were stratified by grade within school and randomly assigned to intervention and no-intervention control conditions. Results indicated that Familias Unidas was efficacious in increasing parental investment and decreasing adolescent behavior problems, but that it did not significantly impact adolescent school bonding/academic achievement. Summer-vacation rates of adolescent behavior problems were six times higher in the control condition than in the intervention condition. Furthermore, change in parental investment during the intervention was predictive of subsequent levels of adolescent behavior problems. The findings suggest that Familias Unidas is efficacious in promoting protection and reducing risk for adolescent problem behaviors in poor immigrant Hispanic families.     

Costs of Immunization Programs for 10 Vaccines in 94 Low- and Middle-Income Countries From 2011 to 2030

ObjectivesUnderstanding the level of investment needed for the 2021-2030 decade is important as the global community faces the next strategic period for vaccines and immunization programs. To assist with this goal, we estimated the aggregate costs of immunization programs for ten vaccines in 94 low- and middle-income countries from 2011 to 2030.MethodWe calculated vaccine, immunization delivery and stockpile costs for 94 low- and middle-income countries leveraging the latest available data sources. We conducted scenario analyses to vary assumptions about the relationship between delivery cost and coverage as well as vaccine prices for fully self-financing countries.ResultsThe total aggregate cost of immunization programs in 94 countries for 10 vaccines from 2011 to 2030 is $70.8 billion (confidence interval: $56.6-$93.3) under the base case scenario and $84.1 billion ($72.8-$102.7) under an incremental delivery cost scenario, with an increasing trend over two decades. The relative proportion of vaccine and delivery costs for pneumococcal conjugate, human papillomavirus, and rotavirus vaccines increase as more countries introduce these vaccines. Nine countries in accelerated transition phase bear the highest burden of the costs in the next decade, and uncertainty with vaccine prices for the 17 fully self-financing countries could lead to total costs that are 1.3-13.1 times higher than the base case scenario.ConclusionResource mobilization efforts at the global and country levels will be needed to reach the level of investment needed for the coming decade. Global-level initiatives and targeted strategies for transitioning countries will help ensure the sustainability of immunization programs.     

自制IPS-Empress2铸瓷快速包埋材料的膨胀特性研究

IPS—Empress2铸瓷是国内外广泛应用的全瓷修复系统。为取代昂贵的进口专用包埋材料，国内已自制出与之相配套的快速包埋材料。本文研究的是其最关键的膨胀特性。采用千分尺位移计和热机械分析仪，分别测量了进口专用快速包埋材料和自制快速包埋材料的凝固膨胀及热膨胀性能，进行了统计分析和比较。结果显示，进口专用快速包埋材料的凝固膨胀率、热膨胀率和总膨胀率分别为0．858％、1．11％和1．17％；自制包埋材料的上述指标分别为0．798％、1．09％和1．16％，三项指标均无统计学差异，表明自制快速包埋材料的膨胀性能指标接近IPS—Empress2专用快速包埋材料，能满足IPS—Empress2铸瓷精密铸造的要求。     

浙江省精神病医院省级专项经费投入的卫生经济学评估

目的评估浙江省精神卫生专项经费对精神卫生专业机构的卫生经济学效果.方法通过对省内15家接受精神卫生专项经费资助和13家未接受资助的精神卫生专业机构的对比,比较其5年来在服务功能、经济效益和资产结构方面差异以及资助前后的增长率.结果专项经费资助使受资助精神卫生专业机构在服务功能、经济效益、资产结构和职工收入等方面普遍获益,尤其是门诊、住院服务功能,医疗收入和职工收入,固定资产的获益更为明显.结论本次经费有助于使受资助精神卫生专业机构走上更加良性化运作的道路,符合成本效益原则.     

新型卫生投入政策研究

本文提出了一整套新型卫生投入政策方案，总目标是建立起“四级两块式”卫生投入政策，具体目标模式有：改革卫生投入方式，实行“五级浮动式”医疗价格体制，建立医疗价格政策性补贴，增加公共卫生投入，整合卫生资源。并进行可行性论证。     

浅谈投资分析在大型医疗设备购置中的应用

运用投资分析的方法来论证医院购置大型医疗设备的可行性,着重讨论质量技术分析和财务分析各自不同的分析结果,结合实例说明了此方法的实用性及对决策的影响。     

新型农村合作医疗基金分配与使用模式选择

各地新型农村合作医疗基金的分配与使用方案是筹资与补偿的中间环节,它关系到资金的安全管理,制约着对需方的补偿,是对新型农村合作医疗制度的运行进展、存在问题和对策进行研究必须要掌握的问题。将当前我国新型农村合作医疗制度各试点地区的基金分配与使用情况大致划分为5种模式:(1)大病统筹基金;(2)大病统筹基金 家庭账户(门诊)基金;(3)大病统筹基金 家庭(门诊)账户基金 大病基金;(4)大病统筹基金 家庭账户(门诊)基金 防保基金;(5)大病统筹基金 家庭账户(门诊)基金 防保基金 大病基金。最后,结合新型农村合作医疗制度本身运行特点、试点地区的经济发展状况和农民的经济收入能力等现实状况讨论了各种模式的使用和选择空间,以期为新型农村合作医疗制度试点及今后的推广工作有所裨益。     

农村公共卫生投融资机制研究样本抽取的区域分类方法

目的：构建农村公共卫生投融资机制抽样研究的区域分类指标体系,并计算分类标志值.方法：本文在广泛收集我省农村公共卫生投融资方面的资料数据的基础上,运用专家咨询法确立符合本研究领域特征的指标体系和指标权重,并运用极差法对实际数据进行无量纲化处理,采用加权平均法计算出我省14个地州市的区域分类标志值.结果：我省14个地（州、市）的分类标志值虽然极差较大（反映发展不平衡）,但主要分布于（40,70）这一区间内,其中,大于60的有5个地（州、市）,小于50的有5个,在50-60之间的有4个,我们依此将其分为三个类别的区域.结论：经过专家咨询所筛选的9个指标所计算的标志值能够较好地反映一个地区的农村公共卫生投融资的现状,可以作为本研究抽样的依据.     

单槽单桨磷酸萃取槽

讨论湿法磷酸采用单槽单桨萃取槽的工程投资 ,并与单槽多桨对比其经济效益