Building a Culturally Responsive Workforce: Faculty of Color in Nursing Education

The representation of nursing faculty of color is disproportionate to that in the general population, despite recruitment and retention strategies. Boosting the presence of nursing faculty of color requires an understanding of factors that undermine diversity initiatives and calls for the adoption of innovative practices. This article addresses the importance of racial and ethnic diversity within nursing education. Furthermore, it examines the factors that prevent the recruitment and retention of a racially and ethnically diverse nursing faculty workforce and provides evidence-based recommendations for increasing diversity among nursing faculty and nursing organizations.     

基因组拷贝数变异测序与染色体核型分析在胎儿遗传学诊断中的比较

目的比较基因组拷贝数变异测序(CNV-seq)技术和染色体核型分析和在产前胎儿遗传学诊断中的应用价值。方法收集来我院有产前诊断指征进行羊水穿刺的259例孕妇,取材后,送检染色体核型分析和CNV-seq,比较两种方法在产前诊断中的优缺点。结果259例标本中,共诊断异常染色体核型及微缺失微重复23例,总阳性诊断率8.88%(23/259),CNV-seq结果显示,共有22例染色体拷贝数异常(12例三体+9例微缺失微重复+1例三倍体),检出率为8.49%;染色体核型分析结果显示为:17例染色体异常(12例三体+3例结构异常+1例嵌合型+1例三倍体),检出率为6.56%。此外还检出染色体多态7例。结论CNV-seq与染色体核型分析对于染色体非整倍体的检测效力一致,CNV-seq能检测染色体微缺失微重复,染色体核型分析则能诊断出三体具体核型,在怀疑性染色体异常时,建议行两者联合检测。     

Brave Spaces in Discourse About Pregnant Persons’, Women’s,and Children’s Health

Discourse around implicit bias, intersectionality, and inequity in health care requires having conversations that may be uncomfortable. Within this space of discomfort, new understandings can occur. Reflecting on our own biases and assumptions is a moral obligation and a necessity to generate change. Health care settings may be a fitting forum to create and use brave spaces to have these conversations.     

基于SSR标记与化学成分构建十堰地区天师栗核心种质库＊

目的 利用筛选出十堰的天师栗中高多态性SSR位点评价天师栗种质资源的遗传多样性，结合有效药用成分含量，构建十堰地区天师栗核心种质库。方法 收集十堰地区114份天师栗种质资源，以七叶树基因组为参考，采用荧光毛细管电泳筛选出高多态性SSR位点，对天师栗种质资源进行遗传多样性分析。利用HPLC测定不同种质干燥娑罗子中七叶皂苷的含量。采用最小距离逐步聚类取样策略（LDSS），根据遗传多样性保留程度初步筛选出核心种质，并对该核心种质与原始种质的遗传多样性参数进行T检验，选择与原种质差异不显著的核心种质为最佳核心种质。结果 筛选出13对高多态性SSR分子标记，遗传多样性评价结果表明十堰地区天师栗种质资源遗传多样性较高，遗传分化较小，存在着较大的基因流，114份种质资源未分为不同的亚群，周家坝和辽叶居群间具有较近的遗传亲缘关系，且周家坝居群娑罗子中的七叶皂苷A及七叶皂苷B含量普遍较高。最终筛选出的核心种质共23份，占总种质资源的20.17%，其中周家坝12份样本、辽叶6份样本、普龄5份样本。结论 将SSR分子标记与主要有效药用成分结合，采用LDSS取样策略构建十堰地区天师栗种质资源核心种质库的方法具有可行性，能够有效的保存与管理天师栗种质资源，也为当地天师栗品种改良、新品种选育研究等提供了研究基础。     

The impact of neighborhoods and friendships on interracial anxiety among medical students and residents: A report from the medical student CHANGES study

Objective

To examine the experience of interracial anxiety among health professionals and how it may affect the quality of their interactions with patients from racially marginalized populations. We explored the influence of prior interracial exposure—specifically through childhood neighborhoods, college student bodies, and friend groups—on interracial anxiety among medical students and residents. We also examined whether levels of interracial anxiety change from medical school through residency.

Data Source

Web-based longitudinal survey data from the Medical Student Cognitive Habits and Growth Evaluation Study.

Study Design

We used a retrospective longitudinal design with four observations for each trainee. The study population consisted of non-Black US medical trainees surveyed in their 1st and 4th years of medical school and 2nd and 3rd years of residency. Mixed effects longitudinal models were used to assess predictors of interracial anxiety and assess changes in interracial anxiety scores over time.

Principal Findings

In total, 3155 non-Black medical trainees were followed for 7 years. Seventy-eight percent grew up in predominantly White neighborhoods. Living in predominantly White neighborhoods and having less racially diverse friends were associated with higher levels of interracial anxiety among medical trainees. Trainees' interracial anxiety scores did not substantially change over time; interracial anxiety was highest in the 1st year of medical school, lowest in the 4th year, and increased slightly during residency.

Conclusions

Neighborhood and friend group composition had independent effects on interracial anxiety, indicating that premedical racial socialization may affect medical trainees' preparedness to interact effectively with diverse patient populations. Additionally, the lack of substantial change in interracial anxiety throughout medical training suggests the importance of providing curricular tools and structure (e.g., instituting interracial cooperative learning activities) to foster the development of healthy interracial relationships.