何廉臣《感症宝筏》手校稿本述考

《感症宝筏》原名《伤寒指掌》,为清代医家吴贞所著,何廉臣重订,体现了清代中后期寒温思想的融合。该稿本为何廉臣出版该书时手校之底本,由其子抄录,内有多处校对、抄录笔迹及校改痕迹。从该稿本的抄写和体例、稿本与通行本之对比、该稿本中的修改符号等几个方面进行论述,探讨其学术与文物价值。     

良附丸对寒邪客胃证大鼠胃排空及小肠推进度的影响

目的研究良附丸对寒邪客胃证大鼠胃排空和小肠推进度的影响。方法采用冰水灌胃(内寒)、冰敷胃部(外寒)复制寒邪客胃证大鼠动物模型,边给药边造模,实验7 d后,大鼠予以半固体糊灌胃,30 min后水合氯醛麻醉,解剖检测指标。结果良附丸对治内大鼠饮食、体质量的改善无显著作用(P> 0.05),但能增加饮水量(P <0.01),对治外和治混大鼠的饮食、饮水、体质量均有明显的改善作用(P <0.05);治疗组胃残留率和排空率虽有改善趋势,但无统计学差异(P> 0.05);治疗组小肠推进率显著增加(P <0.05),差异具有统计学意义。结论内寒对大鼠饮食、体质量,外寒对大鼠小肠推进度影响均不大。良附丸不能显著改善胃实寒大鼠胃排空状态,但有改善的趋势;良附丸能显著改善寒邪客胃证(内、混)大鼠小肠推进率,促进胃肠蠕动。     

六味地黄丸干预绝经后骨质疏松症患者基因表达谱分析

目的探讨中药六味地黄丸干预绝经后骨质疏松患者的分子机制并分析预测其靶标和药物作用通路。方法检索并下载GEO中与采用六味地黄丸干预绝经后骨质疏松症的微阵列基因表达数据集。通过获取的基因表达数据集,分析六味地黄丸干预前后绝经后骨质疏松症患者血液中差异表达基因变化,并将这部分差异表达基因与在绝经后骨质疏松症患者和正常绝经女性血液中差异表达的基因取交集,获得两对比组中共同差异表达的基因。通过基因本体论数据库(GO)对获得的共同差异表达基因分别从生物过程(BP)、分子功能(MF)和细胞组分(CC)三方面进行功能富集分析;利用京都基因和基因组百科全书数据库(KEGG)进行通路富集分析。利用生物通用交互数据集库(BioGRID)分析获得与共同差异表达基因产物互作的蛋白质,并构建蛋白质-蛋白质互作关系(PPI)网络,采用Cytoscape软件实现蛋白质-蛋白质互作关系网络的可视化。应用中医药数据库(BATMAN-TCM)对六味地黄丸主要中药成分的靶标基因进行预测。结果六味地黄丸干预后,得到1 350个差异表达基因,其中上调表达基因322个,下调表达基因1 027个。58个共同差异表达基因与六味地黄丸干预绝经后骨质疏松的分子机制相关,六味地黄丸干预后43个基因下调,15个基因上调。六味地黄丸主要中药成分的10个共同差异表达基因靶标为ESR1, FGFR2, MED1, PGR, PRKCB, PTGS1, PTGS2, TRIM24, VDR, WNT4。与六味地黄丸干预组差异表达基因对比分析,ATF2, FBXW7以及RDX基因在干预后呈现显著差异表达。结论 ATF2, FBXW7和RDX基因为参与六味地黄丸干预绝经后骨质疏松分子调控机制的关键基因。六味地黄丸主要中药成分的10个共同靶标基因中,ESR1, FGFR2, MED1, WNT4为六味地黄丸干预治疗绝经后骨质疏松等相关内分泌疾病的潜在调控基因。     

Risk Factors for Graft Loss Due to Acute Vascular Complications in Adult Renal Transplantation Using Grafts Without Vascular Anomalies

BackgroundVascular complications are the main cause of early graft loss in renal transplant (RT). A graft with multiple vessels represents the most validated risk factor. The aim of the present study was to identify potential predictive factors for acute vascular complications causing graft loss when graft vascular anomalies are excluded.MethodsThis is a retrospective case-control (1:3 ratio) study extrapolated from the RT series of the Renal Transplant Unit - Udine University Hospital, during the period 1993-2017. Grafts with multiple vessels and retransplant cases were excluded.ResultsThe overall prevalence of graft loss due to acute vascular complications was 2.6% (25/961). Seventeen complicated recipients had grafts without vascular anomalies (case group). The median time between RT and complication was 6 days (interquartile range, 4-23 days). The following types of vascular complications were recorded: 5 isolated renal artery thromboses (0.5%), 4 isolated renal vein thromboses (0.4%), 4 combined renal artery and vein thromboses (0.3%), 3 renal artery ruptures due to mycotic arteritis (0.3%), and 1 renal artery nonmycotic pseudoaneurysm (0.1%). No differences were recorded between the groups in terms of donors and grafts characteristics. Complicated recipients showed a statistically higher prevalence of thromboembolism history (P = .046) and vascular atherosclerosis (P = .048). During the postoperative course, blood stream infections (P = .02), acute rejection (P = .03), bleeding from a nonmacrovascular source (P = .04), and multiple reintervention because of nonvascular complications (P = .03) were identified as significant risk factors.ConclusionsRecipient characteristics and post-RT complications rather than donor and graft characteristics are relevant risk factors for graft loss due to acute vascular complications when graft vascular anomalies are excluded.     

基于网络药理学和生物信息学研究苍附导痰丸治疗多囊卵巢综合征的分子机制＊

目的 探讨苍附导痰丸治疗多囊卵巢综合征（Polycystic ovary syndrome，PCOS）的潜在机制。方法 通过检索中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台（Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform，TCMSP）中苍附导痰丸组成药物的成分数据，筛选其有效成分和作用靶点；检索Drug Bank、GeneCards、OMIM、PharmGKB及Uniprot疾病数据库中PCOS相关靶点；检索GEO数据库，选择多囊卵巢综合征的差异表达基因。构建苍附导痰丸和PCOS成分、靶点间的相互关系网络，利用筛选出的关键靶点，构建蛋白互作（Protein-protein interaction，PPI）网络；在GO功能和KEGG信号通路富集的基础上，得出苍附导痰丸治疗PCOS的作用机制，进一步用分子对接技术验证靶点之间结合的可靠性。结果 共筛选出活性成分单体46个，159个苍附导痰丸治疗PCOS的共同靶点。结论 苍附导痰丸治疗PCOS具有多成分、多靶点、多通路的特点，推测苍附导痰丸可能通过调节炎症微环境从而改善肥胖型PCOS患者胰岛素抵抗，通过调节雌激素信号通路改善卵巢功能，因而可以改善肥胖及卵巢排卵的临床症状，为后期研究苍附导痰丸治疗PCOS的作用机制提供了新的理论支撑。     

Gait changes after weight loss on adolescent with severe obesity after sleeve gastrectomy

BackgroundIt has been highlighted that obesity influences the gait reducing walking velocity, stride length, ankle dorsal flexion at initial contact and ankle power generation. Meanwhile, step width, double support, hip flexion, knee extension during stance, hip moment and ankle power absorption was described increased. A tendency to the normalization of these parameters occur when subjects reduced their weight during growth.ObjectiveWe studied the effect of fast weight loss due to Sleeve Gastrectomy on gait pattern of adolescent with severe obesity. The aim is to assess the functional benefit of the surgery.SettingPediatric hospital, public health, Italy.Methods11 patients before and after 1 year from surgery and 10 controls participated to the study. We studied the gait with an optoelectronic system and two force plates. We evaluated both kinetics and kinematics of walking. Then we looked at the differences between the pre- vs post-surgery and with the control group.ResultsStep length and velocity were lower and step width was bigger in adolescent with obesity. Kinematic and kinetic parameters were altered. After surgery we observed the reduction of several gait alteration. Meanwhile, after 1 year alterations at the level of the foot, the knee and the pelvis persist.ConclusionThe sudden loss of weight highlighted the presence of long-term effects on the locomotor system. The results discourage intense walking activities before the weight loss and we suggest further studies for evaluating the necessity of a rehabilitative intervention.     

香连胃漂浮片的制备及体外释放研究

目的制备香连胃漂浮片并考察其体外释放性能。方法以羟丙基甲基纤维素K4M(hydroxypropyl methylcellulose K4M,HPMC-K4M)、十六醇、碳酸氢钠(NaHCO3)、乳糖、聚维酮K30(povidone K30,PVP-K30)、硬脂酸镁为辅料,采用粉末压片法制备香连胃漂浮片;以盐酸小檗碱的累积释放度为指标考察制剂的体外释药性能;采用正交试验对HPMC-K4M、十六醇、NaHCO3用量进行优选。通过数据拟合方程探讨制剂中盐酸小檗碱、木香烃内酯的释药机制。结果最优处方为香连复方提取物60.0 g、HPMC-K4M30.0 g、十六醇8.0 g、NaHCO38.0 g、乳糖8.0 g、PVP-K304.8 g、硬脂酸镁1.2 g(200片量)。指标成分盐酸小檗碱和木香烃内酯的体外释药特性均符合Riger Peppas模型,为扩散与骨架溶蚀协同作用。结论成功制得香连胃漂浮片,漂浮滞后时间短,持续漂浮时间长,且具有缓释特性。