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1.
目的 研究壳三糖在大鼠体内的组织分布及排泄。方法 建立并验证了大鼠组织、尿液和粪便中壳三糖的高效液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS/MS)检测方法。大鼠灌胃给药壳三糖35 mg/kg后,分别在0.5、1.5、3 h 摘取组织,0 h - 4 h、4 h - 8 h、8 h - 12 h、12 h - 24 h 、24 h - 36 h、36 – 48 h时间段收集尿液和粪便。用建立的LC-MS/MS方法测定组织、尿液和粪便中的壳三糖含量。结果 组织、尿液和粪便中壳三糖在10 - 10000 ng/mL的浓度范围内线性良好,日内、日间精密度的相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation,RSD )≤14.20%,准确度的相对误差(relative error,RE)为?11.30%~8.33%,提取回收率为85.2% - 97.9%,没有明显的基质效应,在室温放置24 h、反复冻融以及-40℃放置30天的条件下稳定性良好,满足生物样品的检测需求。灌胃给药后,0.5 h就可以在主要组织检测到壳三糖,1.5 h肾脏中壳三糖含量明显升高,3 h未在大脑中检测到壳三糖。48 h后壳三糖在尿液、粪便中的排泄率分别为7.15%、72.80%。结论 壳三糖主要以原型的形式在大鼠体内分布和排泄,壳三糖在大鼠各组织中的分布较为广泛,以肝和肾为主,粪便是壳三糖的主要排泄途径。  相似文献   
2.
Staphylococcus pettenkoferi is a coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) species first isolated in 2002. Human infections caused by S. pettenkoferi are rare. We herein report three cases of S. pettenkoferi bacteremia in a tertiary care hospital in Japan. Staphylococcus pettenkoferi can be a causative pathogen of catheter related blood stream infection including complicated infection, and unknown source of bacteremia. All of the patients presented with fever and shaking chills, and good clinical outcome. Further research is needed to determine the role of this organism as a pathogen and frequency.  相似文献   
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Cantharidin (CTD) is an effective antitumor agent. However, it exhibits significant hepatotoxicity, the mechanism of which remains unclear. In this study, biochemical and histopathological analyses complemented with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS)-based targeted metabolomic analysis of bile acids (BAs) were employed to investigate CTD-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Sixteen male and female Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: control and CTD (1.0 mg/kg) groups. Serum and liver samples were collected after 28 days of intervention. Biochemical, histopathological, and BA metabolomic analyses were performed for all samples. Further, the key biomarkers of CTD-induced hepatotoxicity were identified via multivariate and metabolic pathway analyses. In addition, metabolite–gene–enzyme network and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses were used to identify the signaling pathways related to CTD-induced hepatotoxicity. The results revealed significantly increased levels of biochemical indices (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and total bile acid). Histopathological analysis revealed that the hepatocytes were damaged. Further, 20 endogenous BAs were quantitated via UHPLC-MS/MS, and multivariate and metabolic pathway analyses of BAs revealed that hyocholic acid, cholic acid, and chenodeoxycholic acid were the key biomarkers of CTD-induced hepatotoxicity. Meanwhile, primary and secondary BA biosynthesis and taurine and hypotaurine metabolism were found to be associated with the mechanism by which CTD induced hepatotoxicity in rats. This study provides useful insights for research on the mechanism of CTD-induced hepatotoxicity.  相似文献   
5.
The ingestion of the insecticide chlorpyrifos leads to fatal intoxication in suicidal cases, and its distribution can be assessed only after post-mortem. This study attempted to investigate the distribution of chlorpyrifos in forensic visceral tissue samples like stomach, liver, kidney, heart, brain, lung, spleen, muscle and body fluids like blood and urine by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with the liquid-liquid extraction method. An analysis time of 8.77 min with 1 μl as an injection volume was chosen. The results obtained are analysed using Labsolutions insight LCMS software, considering Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) and Retention Time (RT). Our findings depict that the stomach tissue has very high concentrations of chlorpyrifos, which suggests the possibility of high distribution and aspiration in the stomach tissue. The concentration of chlorpyrifos in stomach tissue ranged from 816 to 901 μg/g in male cadavers and from 443 to 612 μg/g in female cadavers. Among all the tissues, the stomach tissue showed the highest concentration, while the lowest concentration was found in muscle. Metabolic distribution of chlorpyrifos from the stomach contents to the other surrounding organs may occur and hence the concentrations of CPF were also seen in other organs like the liver, lung, kidney, brain, and muscle. These toxicological results from autopsy findings, together with LC-MS/MS indicate that stomach tissue examination gives an accurate profile of insecticide poisoning in forensic samples with acute poisoning.  相似文献   
6.
目的 采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(UPLC-MS/MS),建立鸡肉和鸡蛋中5种硝基咪唑类药物的检测方法。方法 样品经乙腈提取后,加入无水Na2SO4和NaCl,离心后上清液通过PRiME HLB固相萃取小柱净化,滤出液和乙腈洗脱液经氮吹至近干,10%甲醇水(v/v)溶液定容。以0.1 %甲酸水-甲醇为流动相,被测物经BEH C18柱(2.1 mm × 100 mm,1.7 μm)分离、正离子多反应监测模式检测,内标法定量。结果 5种硝基咪唑在0.2~20.0 ng/ml范围内相关系数均大于0.999,方法检出限为0.05~0.10 μg/kg,定量限为0.15~0.30 μg/kg。在3个加标水平下(0.25、2.0和10.0 μg/kg),鸡肉和鸡蛋的平均回收率分别为97.9%~106.0%和97.8%~110.0%,相对标准偏差(RSD)分别为0.9%~6.4%和1.0%~4.7%。结论 该方法简便、灵敏、准确,适用于鸡肉和鸡蛋中5种硝基咪唑残留量的快速检测。  相似文献   
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PurposeWe aimed to develop a new procedure for rapid detection of the carbapenemase activity using MALDI-TOF MS, and to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the method. Also, we aimed to determine the distribution of carbapenemase genes among the K.pneumoniae strains isolated in our hospital using real-time PCR.MethodBetween January 2017–February 2019; K. pneumoniae strains(n = 74) isolated from blood culture samples were included. Klebsiella pneumoniae NCTC 13438 was used as a positive control and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 as a negative control. First, Imipenem, meropenem, and ertapenem MIC values of strains were determined. Then blaKPC, blaOXA-48, and/or blaNDM genes were investigated with PCR. Carbapenemase activity was investigated in strains with the newly developed method using MALDI-TOF MS. The performance of the new method was evaluated for both the second and fourth hours of the incubation period.ResultsWhile 65 strains were found resistant to tested carbapenems, nine of them were susceptible. Of the 65 resistant strains, 57 had blaOXA-48, 15 had blaNDM, and four had blaKPC genes. BlaOXA-48 and blaNDM genes were detected together in 11 strains. BlaOXA-48, blaNDM, and blaKPC genes were not detected in any of the susceptible strains. The sensitivity and specificity of MALDI-TOF MS at the second hour were 83.1% and 100%, respectively. At the fourth hour, the sensitivity and specificity of MALDI-TOF MS were 100%. No false-positive results were observed.ConclusionThe sensitivity of the method at the fourth hour was better than the second hour. The false-negative results observed in the second hour disappeared when the incubation period was extended to 4 h. MALDI-TOF MS which is still under development is a fast, cost-effective, promising method for the detection of carbapenemase activity.  相似文献   
9.
目的 建立蜂蜜中氯霉素、甲砜霉素、氟甲砜霉素及甲硝唑残留的高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定方法。方法 以乙酸乙酯作为提取剂,经涡旋混匀提取后,氮吹至干,用5%甲醇水溶解,Oasis HLB固相萃取柱净化。经甲醇洗脱,洗脱液经45℃水浴氮吹至干,流动相涡旋溶解,上机测定。高效液相色谱分离、串联质谱检测,采用多离子反应监测(MRM)模式,内标法定量。结果 在优化条件下,4种抗生素浓度在0.1~5.0μg/L范围内,线性关系良好,相关系数(r)≥0.9953,方法检出限≤0.015μg/kg,不同基质中平均加标回收率为78.5%~95.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.8%~10.7%。结论 该方法快速、灵敏、准确,适用于蜂蜜中氯霉素、甲砜霉素、氟甲砜霉素及甲硝唑的同时测定。  相似文献   
10.
目的基于UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS技术阐明树舌灵芝主要成分,结合网络药理学探讨其防治新型冠状病毒肺炎的作用机制。方法采用UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS技术鉴定树舌灵芝的主要成分;采用Swiss Target Prediction数据平台对鉴定成分进行靶点预测,对核心靶基因进行GO和KEGG富集分析,运用Cytoscape 3.8.0绘制关联网络图,同时通过分子对接评价树舌灵芝核心成分与血管紧张素转化酶Ⅱ(ACE2)及3种新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)蛋白的结合作用。结果该研究从树舌灵芝中鉴定化合物62个;30个活性化合物主要作用在IL-6、PTGS2和MAPK1等32个核心靶点,通过PI3K/Akt、TNF及肺结核等多条与肺损伤保护相关通路,发挥防治COVID-19的作用;分子对接显示小白菊内酯、1,4-二羟基-2-萘甲酸和瑞香素等核心成分与ACE2及3种SARS-CoV-2蛋白的亲和作用较好。结论该研究初步阐明树舌灵芝的化学成分及潜在作用机制,为筛选树舌灵芝防治COVID-19的药效成分及深入阐明作用机制提供了科学的理论依据。  相似文献   
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