艾灸合暖宫贴干预寒湿凝滞型痛经的临床观察

目的探讨艾灸合暖宫贴对寒湿凝滞型痛经女大学生痛经症状、疼痛程度和睡眠质量的影响。方法选择寒湿凝滞型痛经女大学生80例,随机分为西药组和艾灸合暖宫贴组,每组40例,共观察4个月经周期。采用中医痛经症状评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评分(Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI),评定患者治疗前、第3个月经周期(治疗期间)、第4个月经周期(停止治疗)的痛经症状、疼痛程度和睡眠质量的变化情况。结果治疗后的第3个月经周期,两组的中医痛经症状评分、VAS评分和PSQI评分均较前明显下降(P<0.05)。第4个月经周期,停止治疗后,西药组的中医痛经症状评分、VAS评分较第3个月经周期上升(P<0.05),但较治疗前评分降低(P<0.05);艾灸合暖宫贴组中医痛经症状评分、VAS评分和PSQI评分与西药组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论艾灸合暖宫贴可以改善寒湿凝滞型痛经女大学生的痛经症状、疼痛程度和睡眠质量,疗效具有持久性,值得推广应用。     

复方丁香开胃帖减轻胃癌术后腹胀的临床观察与护理

目的观察使用复方丁香开胃贴对胃癌术后患者减轻腹胀的临床效果及护理。方法将101例胃癌术后且均为胃大部分切除术的患者,将其随机分为对照组50例,治疗组51例,2组患者均被告知和协助术后第一天离床活动,治疗组的患者使用复方丁香开胃贴外贴于患者的脐部即神阙穴,密切观察患者的腹胀情况,比较2组患者术后腹胀的程度及肛门排气情况和住院时间。结果治疗组病例术后腹胀程度、肛门排气情况与对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论胃癌术后的患者使用复方丁香开胃贴可以有效的减轻腹胀,缩短肛门排气时间,减少住院时间,使患者早日康复出院。     

车前子酒炙工艺优选及其不同炮制品对比研究

[目的] 优选酒炙车前子的最佳炮制工艺，并对车前子生品、酒炙品、盐炙品进行对比研究。[方法] 以车前子中京尼平苷酸和毛蕊花糖苷的含量为考察指标，选择加酒量、闷润时间、炒制温度、炒制时间为考察因素，通过单因素实验优选车前子的最佳酒炙工艺。采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器（HPLC-DAD）建立车前子水提液指纹图谱测定方法，通过指标成分含量、不同炮制品水提液的出膏率及指纹图谱相似度分析不同炮制品间的差异。[结果] 酒炙车前子的最佳炮制工艺为每100 g车前子加黄酒10 g，闷润60 min，150℃下炒制9 min。经盐炙和酒炙后，车前子中的京尼平苷酸和毛蕊花糖苷的含量均较生品显著增加，而两种炮制品并无统计学差异；在出膏率方面，盐炙和酒炙车前子的出膏率无明显差异，但均高于生车前子。高效液相色谱（HPLC）指纹图谱显示车前子生品、盐炙品和酒炙品具有很好的相似度。[结论] 优选出的车前子酒炙工艺稳定可行，并与盐车前子在成分上具有一致性，鉴于酒车前子已不再流通，在经典名方的开发研究中，可考虑用现行通用的盐车前子取代。     

氢氧化钙甘油糊剂对根管壁玷污层的溶解作用研究

目的观察氢氧化钙甘油糊剂对根管壁玷污层的溶解作用。方法30颗离体上前牙随机分为3组。常规预备根管后,A组封入氢氧化钙甘油糊剂,B组封入碘仿糊剂,C组封入樟脑酚。7d后清洗根管壁,并在扫描电镜下观察。结果A组根管壁玷污层明显较少,与B组和C组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);B组与C组玷污层差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论氢氧化钙甘油糊剂对根管壁玷污层有溶解作用。     

Vitapex药物糊剂充填乳牙根管的疗效观察

目的观察Vitapex糊剂充填乳牙根管的疗效.方法对120名儿童140个患牙进行根管治疗术,分为两组.实验组用Vitapex糊剂充填根管,对照组用氧化锌丁香油糊剂充填根管.结果术后追踪观察1～2年,实验组观察68个乳牙,成功65个(95.59%);对照组观察64个乳牙,成功52个(81.25%).结论用Vitapex糊剂充填乳牙感染根管疗效较好.     

The effects of Ledermix paste on discolouration of mature teeth

AIM: The aims of this study were to: (i) investigate the effects of Ledermix paste as an intracanal medicament on discolouration of mature teeth, (ii) examine whether the discolouring effects were related to the method of application, and (iii) examine the effects of sunlight upon discolouration of mature teeth. METHODOLOGY: The root canals of 45 mature extracted human teeth were prepared and filled with either Ledermix paste, calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2], or saline. In group 1, Ledermix paste was placed apical to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), whilst in groups 2 and 3 the paste filled the entire pulp chamber and root canals. In group 4, a Ca(OH)2 and methyl cellulose paste and, in group 5, saline (control) were allowed to fill the pulp chamber and the root canals. Group 3 teeth were kept in the dark and the other groups were exposed to indirect sunlight for 12 weeks. RESULTS: After 12 weeks, sunlight exposure had caused dark grey-brown staining of the teeth in the Ledermix groups, but this did not occur when the teeth were kept in the dark. More severe staining was noted when Ledermix paste filled the pulp chamber than when the paste was restricted to below the CEJ. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that Ledermix paste may cause discolouration of teeth. Such effects can be minimized if placement of the paste is restricted to below the gingival margin. Clinicians should ensure that Ledermix paste is not left on the walls of access cavities.     

The effects of Ledermix paste on discolouration of immature teeth

AIM: The aims of this study were to: (i) investigate the effects of Ledermix paste as an intracanal medicament on discolouration of immature teeth, (ii) examine whether the discolouring effects were related to the method of application, (iii) examine the effects of sunlight upon discolouration of immature teeth and (iv) compare the degree of discolouration between mature and immature teeth. METHODOLOGY: The root canals of 45 immature extracted human teeth were prepared and filled with either Ledermix paste, calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2], or saline. In group 1, Ledermix paste was only placed apical to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) whilst in groups 2 and 3, the paste filled the entire pulp chamber and the root canals. In group 4, Ca(OH)2 paste and in group 5, saline (control) were allowed to fill the pulp chamber and the root canals. Group 3 teeth were kept in the dark and the other groups were exposed to daylight for 12 weeks. RESULTS: After 12 weeks, sunlight exposure had caused dark grey-brown staining in the Ledermix groups but this did not occur when the teeth were kept in the dark. More severe staining was noted when Ledermix paste filled the pulp chamber than when the paste was restricted to below the CEJ and when teeth were exposed to sunlight. When compared to the results of a similar study using mature teeth, the results were similar but the immature teeth were more severely stained than the mature teeth. The Ca(OH)2 paste caused an increase in lightness and yellowness in immature teeth. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that Ledermix paste may cause discolouration of immature teeth. Such effects can be minimized if placement of the paste is restricted to below the gingival margin. Clinicians should ensure that Ledermix paste is not left on the walls of access cavities, especially in immature teeth.     

A clinical evaluation of one and two-appointment root canal therapy using calcium hydroxide

A clinical study using vital maxillary central incisors was performed to evaluate the incidence of postoperative pain after root canal treatment in one- or two-appointments using a calcium hydroxide-containing root canal sealer. No differences were observed between the two groups.     

Electrochemical properties of a tetrabromo-p-benzoquinone modified carbon paste electrode. Application to the simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid,dopamine and uric acid

The electrochemical study of a tetrabromo-p-benzoquinone modified carbon paste electrode (TBQ-MCPE), as well as its efficiency for electrocatalytic oxidation of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid, is described. Cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate the redox properties of this modified electrode at various solution pH values and at various scan rates. Three linear segments were found with slope values of ?58.4 mV/pH, ?28.1 mV/pH and 0.0 mV/pH in the pH range 2.0–7.1, pH 7.1–9.0 and pH 9.0–11.0, respectively. The apparent charge transfer rate constant, k_s, and transfer coefficient, α, for electron transfer between TBQ and CPE were calculated as 3.79 ± 0.10 s^?1 and 0.55, respectively. The electrode was also employed to study the electrocatalytic oxidation of AA, using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and differential pulse voltammetry as diagnostic techniques. It has been found that the oxidation of AA at the surface of TBQ-MCPE occurs at a potential of about 430 mV less positive than that of an unmodified CPE. The diffusion coefficient of AA was also estimated using chronoamperometry. The kinetic parameters such as the electron transfer coefficient, α, and heterogeneous rate constant, $k_{\mathrm{h}}^{\prime }$, for oxidation of AA at the TBQ-MCPE surface was determined using cyclic voltammetry. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) exhibits two linear dynamic ranges and a detection limit of 0.62 μM for AA. In DPV, the TBQ-MCPE could separate the oxidation peak potentials of AA, DA and UA present in the same solution, though at the unmodified CPE the peak potentials were indistinguishable. This modified electrode was quite effective not only to detect AA, DA and UA, but also in simultaneous determination of each component concentration in the mixture.     

试色糊剂对Ips-empressⅡ全瓷冠颜色的影响

目的：观察试色糊剂对全瓷冠颜色的影响。方法：在临床上收集缺损、变色或过小的上前牙共计50颗,行全瓷冠修复（Ips-empressⅡ全瓷系统制作）。粘结前由同一实验人员用试色糊剂试色,将全瓷冠就位未涂试色糊剂时作为对照组,用电脑比色仪测定对照组及5种试色糊剂[A1、A3、Transluent（Trt）、Whiteopaque（WOT）和B0.5opaque（B0.5）]试色后的L、a、b值,用卡尺测量被测点的瓷层厚度,根据公式色ΔEab=（ΔL^2＋Δa^2＋Δb^2）1/2、Lab=L、Cab=（a^2＋b^2）^1/2、Hab=arctan（b/a）计算并分析每种糊剂试色后的色差、明度、饱和度和色相角。结果：50颗全瓷冠被测点（唇面中1/3）的平均瓷层厚度为1.668mm,用5种试色糊剂试色后的Lab、Cab、Hab值与对照组相比差异无显著性（P〉0.05）;5种试色糊剂引起的色差均小于1.5NBS,临床上肉眼均难以察觉。结论：当全瓷冠的瓷层厚度达到1.7mm时,粘结剂对修复体颜色的影响较小,肉眼难以察觉。随着瓷层厚度的下降,应考虑树脂粘结剂的遮色作用。