In vivo kinematics of fixed-bearing total ankle arthroplasty

BackgroundA good recovery of the physiological mobility of the ankle is an indication of patients’ satisfaction after total ankle arthroplasty, which does not generally match that of other consolidated procedures such as hip and knee replacement. The aim of this study was to investigate the kinematics of the Zimmer Total Metal Total Ankle (ZTMTA) during the different exercises.MethodsFifteen patients with ZTMTA were enrolled in this study. The patients performed non-weightbearing flexion-extension, stair climbing and descending, and fluoroscopic images were taken to capture the ankle movements. A combined images/three-dimensional models method was used to perform a kinematic analysis.ResultsPlantar-dorsiflexion resulted the main plane of movement, with the largest range of motion (ROM) of 23.3 ± 9.0° during flexion-extension. Inversion–eversion and adduction–abduction resulted lower than 10° in any trials.ConclusionsIn the investigated population, the ZTMTA allowed a good recovery of the mobility, with ROMs comparable to the healthy subjects.     

风三针治疗中风后吞咽障碍临床研究

目的:观察“风三针”针刺疗法在治疗中风后吞咽障碍的临床疗效。方法:随机收集中风后吞咽障碍患者60例,按照不同的治疗方法分为对照组和治疗组各30例。两组均先进行吞咽康复训练,后治疗组予风三针针刺治疗,观察两组治疗后洼田饮水试验评分,VFSS吞咽难度评分,并进行对比分析其临床疗效。结果:对照组及治疗组在治疗4个疗程后,治疗组总有效率93.33%高于对照组70.00%(P<0.05); 两组洼田饮水试验评分治疗后均低于治疗前(P<0.05),治疗组的评分低于对照组(P<0.05); 两组的VFSS吞咽难度评分治疗后均高于治疗前(P<0.05); 治疗组的VFSS难度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:“风三针”针刺疗法在治疗中风吞咽障碍中临床疗效确切。     

急诊心肌梗死冠状动脉介入治疗术后患者T3水平与心肌再灌注的关系

目的探讨急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术后血清三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）与心肌再灌注的关系。方法采用化学发光法检测205例AMI患者PCI术后血清T3水平，根据T3水平将患者分为A、B、C、D4组，记录并比较4组患者术后冠状动脉TIMI血流分级、心肌呈色分级（MBG）。结果A组（重度低T3组）TIMI3级比例低于B、C、D组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）；MBG3级比例低于B、C、D组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。女性患者T3水平（1.00±0.05）nmol/L、TIMI3级比例（32/46，69.6%）、MBG3级比例（24/46，52.2%）均低于男性患者，后者分别为（1.19±0.02）nmol/L、（143/159，89.9%）、（110/159，69.2%），差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05或0.01）。结论女性AMI患者心肌再灌注水平较男性患者低。AMI患者T3水平与PCI术后冠状动脉再灌注相关，监测T3可以间接反映病情的严重程度。     

Mixed Reality Combined with Three‐Dimensional Printing Technology in Total Hip Arthroplasty: An Updated Review with a Preliminary Case Presentation

Three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology, virtual reality, and augmented reality technology have been used to help surgeons to complete complex total hip arthroplasty, while their respective shortcomings limit their further application. With the development of technology, mixed reality (MR) technology has been applied to improve the success rate of complicated hip arthroplasty because of its unique advantages. We presented a case of a 59‐year‐old man with an intertrochanteric fracture in the left femur, who had received a prior left hip fusion. After admission to our hospital, a left total hip arthroplasty was performed on the patient using a combination of MR technology and 3D printing technology. Before surgery, 3D reconstruction of a certain bony landmark exposed in the surgical area was first performed. Then a veneer part was designed according to the bony landmark and connected to a reference registration landmark outside the body through a connecting rod. After that, the series of parts were made into a holistic reference registration instrument using 3D printing technology, and the patient's data for bone and surrounding tissue, along with digital 3D information of the reference registration instrument, were imported into the head‐mounted display (HMD). During the operation, the disinfected reference registration instrument was installed on the selected bony landmark, and then the automatic real‐time registration was realized by HMD through recognizing the registration landmark on the reference registration instrument, whereby the patient's virtual bone and other anatomical structures were quickly and accurately superimposed on the real body of the patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to use MR combined with 3D printing technology in total hip arthroplasty.     

舌三针联合康复训练对脑梗死后假性延髓麻痹所致构音障碍的疗效观察

目的:探讨舌三针联合康复训练对脑梗死后假性延髓麻痹所致构音障碍疗效,以期提高脑卒中后患者生命质量。方法:选取2016年12月至2019年1月海南省人民医院收治的脑梗死后假性延髓麻痹所致构音障碍患者78例进行回顾性分析,按照治疗方法不同分为对照组和观察组,每组39例。对照组常规西医+康复训练治疗,观察组在以上基础上加用舌三针治疗,均连续治疗6周。观察2组治疗前、完成治疗后血脂、Frenchay构音评分、血液流变学、言语空气动力学指标变化并比较。完成治疗后总结疗效情况。结果:1)2组治疗完成后反射、呼吸、唇、颌、软腭、喉、舌、言语评分和治疗前比较均显著上升(P<0.05),且观察组上升幅度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。2)2组治疗完成后三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)较治疗前均显著下降,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)较治疗前比较均显著上升(P<0.05),且观察组上升幅度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。3)2组治疗完成后全血高低切黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积较治疗前均显著下降(P<0.05),且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。4)对照组治疗前、完成治疗后各指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组治疗完成后平均声压级(MSDV)、音调(P)、最长发声时间(MPT)、平均气流率(MFR)、声门下压(SGP)、声门阻力(GR)、发声效率(VE)较治疗前均显著升高(P<0.05),且观察组优于对照组(P<0.05)。5)观察组治愈率38.46%、总有效率89.74%,显著高于对照组治愈率23.08%、总有效率79.49%(P<0.05)。结论:舌三针联合康复训练能通过促进脑微循环,改善血脂,促进言语功能来改善脑梗死后假性延髓麻痹所致构音障碍症状,提高生命质量。     

三维超声自由解剖成像技术对早期宫角与间质部妊娠的诊断价值

【摘要】 目的 探讨三维经阴道超声自由解剖成像技术(3DTVUOT)对早期宫角妊娠(CP)与间质部妊娠(ITP)的定性诊断价值。 方法 回顾性分析35例CP和36例ITP患者的临床资料。均因临床疑诊早期CP或ITP被序贯予以二维经阴道超声(2DTVU)和3DTVUOT检查，对妊娠病灶与宫腔的相通情况、病灶周围肌层完整性和厚度情况等进行比较分析；以手术 病理结果作为诊断金标准，对两种检查方法应用于CP和ITP定性诊断中的敏感性、特异性及准确性进行比较。 结果 CP患者的妊娠病灶与宫腔相通率(9143％)高于ITP(833％),病灶周围包绕肌层的厚度(608±135） mm高于ITP (195±058）mm,完整性(100％)亦高于ITP的(7222％)，组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜005）。2DTVU定性诊断CP和ITP的敏感性(8611％)、特异性(7714％)及准确性(8168％)均明显低于3DTVUOT（分别9444％、8571％、9014％），组间差异具有统计学意义（P＜005）。 结论 3DTVUOT对CP和ITP的早期定性诊断，具有较高的可靠性，优于2DTVU，可在临床推广应用。     

舌三针为主治疗脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍的临床研究

目的观察舌三针为主治疗脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍的临床疗效及其对脑神经机制的影响。方法将130例脑卒中后吞咽功能障碍患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组65例。对照组采用康复训练配合低频脉冲电刺激治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上采用舌三针治疗。观察两组治疗前后吞咽功能(洼田饮水试验评分)、精神状态[汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分]及表面肌电图各项指标[平均振幅值(AEMG)、持续时间(t)]的变化情况。结果两组治疗后洼田饮水试验评分、HAMA评分及HAMD评分与同组治疗前比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组治疗后洼田饮水试验评分、HAMA评分及HAMD评分与对照组比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗后空吞咽时及吞咽5 mL水时sEMG各项指标(颏下肌群及舌骨下肌群的AEMG和t)与同组治疗前比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组治疗后空吞咽时及吞咽5 mL水时sEMG各项指标与对照组比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组治疗后误吸及肺部感染的发生率分别为16.1%和17.7%,对照组分别为36.2%和32.8%,两组比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论舌三针配合康复训练及低频脉冲电刺激能有效改善脑卒中患者的吞咽功能。     

基于3D软组织打印技术经皮穿刺中上胸椎椎弓根入路椎体成形术导向模板的初步研制

目的:观察数字化导向模板技术和3D软组织打印制作的个体化经皮穿刺中上胸椎椎弓根入路椎体成形术数字化导向模板的可行性。方法:回顾性选择20例中上胸椎骨折患者CT扫描数据。将数据输入3D打印机打印1∶1带软组织胸椎模型,并应用Mimics 15.0软件中3-matic模块设计中上胸椎体表椎弓根钉道及相应导向模板,3D打印机打印导向模板并固定带软组织胸椎模型后置入2.0 mm克氏针,CT扫描观察穿刺针的准确性,通过穿刺管注入骨水泥并用影像学进行验证,记录带软组织中上胸椎模型的打印时间、钉道设计及体表导向模板制作时间以及费用。结果:3D打印的一体化胸椎模型及数字化经皮穿刺中上胸椎椎弓根入路数字化导向模板能够满足中上胸椎经皮穿刺椎体成形术穿刺的要求,导板与皮肤表面贴合良好,骨水泥充盈良好。中上胸椎模型的打印时间及钉道设计、手术导向模板制作时间分别为(719.00±3.03) min,(12.30±1.01) min和(55.50±10.30) min,平均费用约为3 150元。结论:基于3D软组织打印技术的个性化经皮穿刺中上胸椎椎弓根导向模板可实现经皮穿刺的精确置入。     

机场应急救护“三无”演练的探索与运用

应急救护演练是提升机场应急救护能力的重要方法。但机场医疗应急救护演练如无不能体现突然性和不确定性,就起不到应有作用。本文从分析机场突发紧急事件、机场应急救护演练的特点入手,提出机场应急救护演练中需重点加强的方面,同时借鉴某机场应急救护演练的成功经验,认为“三无”演练是一种值得探索与运用的演练方式。     

骨质疏松性骨折诊疗误区与“三位一体”骨修复策略

骨质疏松性骨折已经成为威胁我国老年人群健康的重大社会问题。相对于普通骨折,骨质疏松性骨折存在骨质量低下、骨缺损严重和骨愈合缓慢等难题,其治疗与康复具有相当难度,针对当前骨质疏松性骨折临床诊疗的主要问题,“三位一体”骨修复策略强调积极抗骨质疏松、合理骨植入和加速骨愈合观念。笔者重点总结骨质疏松性骨折的诊疗误区和修复策略?期望降低不良预后的发生,同时推进骨质疏松性骨折的临床规范化治疗,进一步改善患考的诊疗效果和生活质量。