辛味中药在治疗消渴证中的应用价值及中药五味理论现代研究的思考

辛味是中药五味学说中的重要性味之一,通常具有“发散”“行气”和“行血”的作用,且辛味中药在传统医学临床应用中占有较大比例。结合中药辛味的功效内涵及传统中医理论对消渴证的认识,阐述辛味中药与消渴证治疗之间的内在联系,总结辛味中药对“消渴三消”的治疗意义与价值。并在此基础上,对中药五味理论的现代研究趋势和发展方向进行思考,为同行研究提供参考。     

基于子宫内膜异位症与恶性肿瘤的相关性探析补肾化瘀法作用机制及中医理论依据

子宫内膜异位症其异位内膜组织虽然在形态学上呈良性表现，却具有类似恶性肿瘤的生物学特性。中医学一般认为，“正虚伏邪”为恶性肿瘤的病机特点；那么，肾虚血瘀既属于“正虚伏邪”的范畴，又体现了EMs发病学和疾病发生、发展过程中的主要特点。在“病证相应”的中医治则之下，补肾化瘀法的临床疗效主要表现为：缓解痛经症状、提高受孕率，以及调整月经周期。本文基于EMs与恶性肿瘤的相关性，通过分析补肾化瘀法治疗EMs的理论依据及其抑制异位内膜侵袭的调控机制，主要包括解除免疫抑制、阻断局部微血管新生等，旨在阐明其疗效显著的原因，为临床推广提供可靠的基础研究证据。     

骨骼肌介电行为的理论模型仿真

在 10 0 Hz～ 10 0 MHz范围内 ,应用椭圆壳介电理论模型 ,经过模拟仿真蛙骨骼肌细胞的介电行为 ,确定了蛙骨骼肌细胞的椭圆壳模型各相参数。为将来对骨骼肌疲劳、肌营养不良和肌肉萎缩等病症的模型分析奠定理论基础。     

Impedance plethysmography in the diagnosis of arterial and venous disease

The objective of this paper is to review the theoretical basis and clinical application of electrical impedance plethysmography in the noninvasive evaluation of peripheral arterial and venous disease. Theoretical, experimental and clinical studies have now demonstrated a direct relationship between electrical impedance changes and limb volume changes. Potential sources of error have also been identified. This has led to the development of clinical tests based on impedance plethysmography for the detection of peripheral arterial disease, venous insufficiency and venous outflow obstruction. Impedance plethysmography, using the method of venous occlusion, is presently the most commonly employed noninvasive method for the detection of deep venous thrombosis.     

中学生考试焦虑问题的综述研究

目的中学生由于必须面对中考、高考等与自身前途命运密切相关的重大考试．考试焦虑问题也就显得尤为突出。本文旨在探讨中学生考试焦虑的成因及其干预策略。方法采用综述研究法。结果本文将相关理论研究更为系统化．将其更加密切地纳入心理学的理论体系之中．并将理论结合中学教育实践进行探索与研究。结论只要学生掌握了这些考试焦虑的调试方法，就能很好地调整自身考试状态，预防考试过度焦虑。     

Impedance plethysmography: the origin of electrical impedance changes measured in the human calf

Electrical impedance plethysmography of the lower leg is now a widely used test for detection of deep vein thrombosis. The origin of the impedance signal is difficult to evaluate in the living subject, and experimental animals have important anatomic differences. A controlled study on human cadavers was therefore undertaken. Conductive and nonconductive fluids were injected into the lower legs of cadavers, while electrical impedance changes were recorded utilising a 4-electrode technique. X-ray studies confirmed the localisation of the injections. Results from ten cadavers showed that significant impedance changes occurred only in response to injections of saline in the region between the electrodes. Injections of nonconductive silicone oil caused a small increase in the measured impedance. It is concluded that electrical impedance plethysmography reflects changes in conductivity confined to the region between the electrodes; and that the ratio of deep to superficial impedance sensitivity is a function of the electrode spacing.     

Interpretation of venous occlusion plethysmography using a nonlinear model

Venous occlusion plethysmography (VOP) is a noninvasive technique widely employed for the detection of deep-vein thrombosis. Previous reports that VOP outflow curves are closely fit by a first-order exponential suggest that venous compliance and resistance are nearly constant. Typically, however, the venous compliance function has a sigmoid shape; in addition, the resistance in a collapsing tube must increase. This paradox was resolved by the surprising finding that for realistic nonlinear compliance and resistance these nonlinearities cancel, producing a quasilinear venous outflow that approximates a simple exponential.     

Development and testing of a simple algorithm for a glucose clamp

The glucose clamp technique is widely used in clinical research studies to maintain a constant blood glucose (BG) level during metabolic perturbation. An algorithm is used to set the rate of an intravenous glucose infusion according to measured BG concentrations. Currently used clamp algorithms are unnecessarily complex. This paper describes the development and use of a new algorithm which is simpler to implement. The algorithm employs proportional and differential feedback control. Discrete BG sampling with a sampling period of 5 min is used. Computer simulation with a two-compartment model of glucose dynamics was used to refine the algorithm. A Monte Carlo approach was adopted to examine the effects of random variations in measured BG concentrations and the elapsed time between blood sampling and adjustment of the glucose infusion rate. A coefficient of variation in BG concentration of less than 4 per cent was predicted for a euglycemic clamp. This was confirmed when the algorithm was applied in clinical research studies. This degree of BG control compares well with other published algorithms.     

社区戒烟干预理论概述

通过对近几十年国内外以社区为基础开展戒烟干预研究的文献进行分析汇总,介绍根据不同理论框架开发的戒烟措施在社区应用的效果。针对中国严峻的烟草流行形势和现有戒烟服务的不足,探讨其在降低中国人群吸烟率中的应用前景,以期为国内开展社区戒烟干预研究的理论框架和实践应用提供参考。     

基于脂噬角度探讨“态靶辨治”理念下高血压病“病-期-态”的生物学内涵

高血压病是一种常见的以动脉压升高为主要临床表现的慢性疾病,能够使心、脑、肾等重要器官发生病变,近几年,高血压病渐渐成为常见的流行病之一,其发病率也呈逐年增长的趋势。仝小林院士将中医理论及个人临床经验相结合,依据态靶理论,提出了高血压病“病-期-态”具体病机。脂噬可通过干预脂质代谢、动脉粥样硬化、动脉斑块形成、血管重塑、血管内皮损伤等高血压发病环节,在高血压病的发病机制中发挥重要作用。通过现代医学和生物学研究,一方面认为脂噬动态病理变化与高血压态靶辨治“期”的密切相关,其动态病理变化与高血压病3个阶段疾病发生发展的时间点互相对应,另一方面认为脂噬是高血压态靶辨治“态”的重要微观体现。基于脂噬探讨高血压病的态靶辨治“病-期-态”模式的生物学内涵,借鉴现代医学疾病认知来认识疾病发展规律,可使中医宏观辨治思路与现代医学微观理化指标精准对接,实现中医精准治疗,以期为高血压病及其并发症的早期防治拓展新思路。