A Very Long-term Longitudinal Study on the Evolution and Clinical Outcomes of Persistent Iatrogenic Atrial Septal Defect After Cryoballoon Ablation

Background

Persistent iatrogenic atrial septal defect (iASD) is a common but poorly characterized complication after cryoballoon (CB) pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) procedures. We therefore investigate its prevalence, evolution, risk factors, and clinical outcomes in a prospective longitudinal study.

基于卡方自动交互检测分析方法的病区单元护理绩效考核

目的探讨公平、公正、科学、便捷的病区单元护理绩效考核与分配方法。方法建立护理工作数量、质量、效率、业绩4个维度90个具体指标的病区单元护理绩效考核体系,从医院信息系统提取实际数据并完成绩效赋值计算,借助卡方自动交互检测分析方法每个月对全部病区单元护理绩效赋值进行分析,按显著性差异(P0.05)将病区单元归属到不同的绩效等级集群,从而完成对病区单元护理绩效的分类评价,实现护理绩效的动态考核与分配。结果应用新绩效考核方法后,护士及护士长对绩效考核满意度显著提高,护士长绩效考核工作效率显著提高(均P0.01)。结论借助医院信息系统及卡方自动交互检测分析,能准确、快速完成对病区单元护理绩效考核的分类评价,为护理绩效考核分配提供科学的决策依据,提高工作效率及护理人员的满意度。     

唐代医学教育制度及教材

唐代不仅从中央到地方设立了医学专门教育机构,而且存在丰富多样的医学师徒相授和寺观宗教医学传播活动。医学教育类型多样,实施分科教学,呈现出多科性与专业性并存的特征;重视教学测评,与科举考试相结合,确立国家办学管理的地位。唐代医学教材建设取得显著成就,对医学教育人才培养发挥重要作用,它与医学教育制度一道对当代医学教育有一定的启示。     

Effects of Tai Chi exercise on improving walking function and posture control in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective:It remains unclear whether Tai Chi is effective for walking function and posture control improvements in aged populations with knee osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the effects of Tai Chi on improving walking function and posture control in elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis by updating the latest trial evidence.Methods:Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, PEDro, and Cochrane library were searched up to October 1, 2020 to identify RCTs evaluating Tai Chi for improving walking function and posture control in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. The primary outcomes were walking function and posture control. Meta-analysis was performed with RevMan Version 5.3 software.Results:A total of 603 participants with knee osteoarthritis in the 11 trials were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: The Tai Chi group was associated with better performance in 6-minute walk test (6 MWT), time up and go test (TUG) and “Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) Osteoarthritis Index” Physical Function Score than the control group ([MD: 46.67, 95% CI 36.91–56.43, P < .001]), ([MD: −0.89, 95% CI −1.16 to −0.61, P < .001]), ([MD: −11.28, 95% CI −13.33 to −9.24, P < .001]).Conclusion:This meta-analysis provided evidence from 11 RCTs that Tai Chi could be an excellent physical training strategy for improving walking function and posture control in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. Assuming that Tai Chi is at least effective and safe in most areas, it can be used as an adjuvant and reliable physical training strategy for walking function upgrading and balance control improvements for older patients with knee osteoarthritis.     

金花茶叶中冲山茶苷的筛查、制备及抗肿瘤活性考察

[目的] 通过近红外光谱技术对不同产地金花茶叶中冲山茶苷（okicamelliaside）的含量进行考察，并对其进行制备与抗肿瘤活性考察。[方法] 采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定金花茶中冲山茶苷的含量，获取其近红外光谱并建立其近红外定量模型。根据所建立的模型对不同产地的金花茶品质进行评价，选择高含量的样品进行冲山茶苷的提取制备及活性评价。[结果] 所建立的近红外检测方法快速方便，可直接采用金花茶叶进行含量测定，从而筛选出高含量样本。进一步通过大孔吸附树脂分离和高效液相制备得到高纯度的冲山茶苷。细胞毒性分析表明，所制备的冲山茶苷具有一定的抑制癌细胞生长的活性。[结论] 为金花茶的质量评价提供了可借鉴的质量标志物，并且为金花茶的开发利用提供了科学依据。     

Individual analysis of dynamic stability for twenty-four Tai Chi forms among persons with knee osteoarthritis: A pilot study

BackgroundTai Chi (TC) training has been increasingly used to prevent falls. However, the underlying biomechanical mechanisms of TC training which influence fall risk remain unknown. As a result, the selection of TC forms differs among studies, leading to inconsistent results.Research questionIs dynamic stability different between the simplified 24 Yang-style TC forms among adults with knee osteoarthritis?MethodsTen participants with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis were recruited. Under one-on-one instruction by an experienced TC master, each participant learned how to correctly perform the 24-form TC movements. Participants’ full-body kinematic and kinetic data was collected during walking trials and performance of the respective TC forms. Their dynamic stability was calculated in both sagittal and frontal planes and compared between each TC form and regular walking.ResultsThe results indicate that dynamic stability in both planes significantly varies among forms. Moreover, some forms pose a greater challenge to dynamic stability in comparison to others. The most challenging TC forms are Form 8 for stability in the sagittal plane and Form 10 in the frontal plane. Among all forms, Form 1 appears to be the least challenging.SignificanceOur findings could provide foundational information to identify the best TC forms for optimizing the effectiveness of TC-based fall prevention interventions.     

Latin dance and Qigong/Tai Chi effects on physical activity and body composition in breast cancer survivors: A pilot study

BackgroundBreast cancer survivors (BCS), particularly Latina BCS, experience weight gain and reduced physical activity (PA) post-treatment increasing the risk for recurrence. There is a lack of evidence on the intensity and type of PA needed to engage cultural subgroups and improve clinical outcomes. This study developed and piloted two non-traditional PA interventions among a diverse sample of BCS.MethodsTwenty BCS (65% Latina; age 25–75) participated in a 2-arm parallel group-randomized pilot study to test the effects of an 8-week Latin dance and Qigong/Tai Chi intervention on PA and body composition. A seven-day pedometer protocol was used to measure steps/week and a bioelectric impedence scale was used to assess BMI and %body fat. T-tests were used to examine preliminary outcomes across both interventions and within intervention arms.ResultsThere were no significant changes in steps/week, BMI, or %body fat across or in each separate intervention. A small effect size for increase in steps/day was found among participants in the Qigong/Tai Chi arm (0.10) and low-to-moderate effect sizes for reductions in % body fat overall (0.36), and separately for participants in Latin dance (0.26) and Qigong/Tai Chi (0.46).ConclusionLatin dance and Qigong/Tai Chi are engaging and acceptable PA modalities that are promising for improving PA and body fat among diverse, high-risk BCS. Our findings highlight the need to continue to reach and engage high-risk BCS, including Latina survivors, using novel, culturally-sensitive PA interventions. Future studies should extend and more rigorously test these novel approaches to improving outcomes associated with recurrence.     

Effects of 24-week Tai Chi exercise on the knee and ankle proprioception of older women

This study examined the effects of regular Tai Chi (TC) exercise on the kinaesthesia of the knee and ankle joints of older women. A total of 43 women aged 55–68 years participated in this study. In a 24-week study period, the TC group (n = 22) underwent an organized TC exercise, whereas the control group (n = 21) maintained a sedentary lifestyle. Customized instruments were used to measure the threshold for the detection of the passive motion of the knee and ankle joints. After 24 weeks, the TC group showed a significantly smaller threshold for the detection of passive motion of knee extension (31.4%, p = 0.009), knee flexion (27.0%, p = 0.044), and ankle dorsal flexion (28.9%, p = 0.014) than the control group. Other comparisons showed no significant differences. The 24-week TC exercise benefited the lower-limb kinaesthesia of the knee joint flexion and extension and ankle dorsal flexion.     

固齿膏对牙周炎组织中PGs的影响

目的研究固齿合对牙龈和牙槽骨中PGE2的抑制作用，探讨固齿膏治疗牙周炎的机理。方法用丝线缝扎和给豚鼠喂养高糖形成牙周炎，分别给豚鼠喂固齿育和吲哚美辛，放射免疫测定法分析牙龈和牙槽骨中PGE2含量。结果牙周炎组的牙龈指数和牙周袋深度增加，牙槽骨吸收明显．牙龈和牙槽骨中的PGE2明显升高；固齿膏组牙龈指数和牙周袋深度明显低于牙周炎组，牙槽骨吸收减轻，牙龈和牙槽骨中PGE2含量明显降低，牙槽骨中的PGE2含量与吲哚美辛组有显著性差异，而牙龈组织中的PGE2含量与吲哚美辛组无显著性差异。结论固齿膏对实验性牙周炎的形成有抑制作用．能明显降低牙龈和牙槽骨中的PGE2含量。