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Although the accuracy of chorioamnionicity determination in multiple pregnancy is nearly 100%, some pitfalls do exist. These pitfalls may arise from some confusing sonographic appearance or because of certain rare variations of twinning going against the general principles. Pitfalls in chorionicity determination include (1) the disappearance of the twin peak sign with the regression of chorion frondosum and thinning of the intertwin membrane with advancing gestation; (2) fake twin peak sign because of other structures creeping into the intertwin membrane-placental junction; (3) intrauterine septum or synechia being mistaken as a thick intertwin membrane; (4) bipartite placenta in monochorionic twin being misinterpreted as two separate placentas of dichorionic twin; (5) erroneous fetal sex determination in sex chromosome mosaicism, monogenic disorders, and malformed genitalia in one fetus; and (6) rare twinning types such as dizygotic monochorionic twin and sesquizygotic twin. Pitfalls in amnionicity determination are (1) the lack of correlation between the number of yolk sacs and amnionicity and (2) failure to visualize the intertwin membrane because of technical issues.  相似文献   
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目的 通过基因检测病因不明的反复癫痫发作患儿,发现20例CDKL5基因变异阳性病例,即CDKL5缺乏症(CDD)患儿,总结其癫痫表型特点。方法 收集2016年4月至2021年12月在天津中医药大学第一附属医院儿科就诊的20例CDD患儿,总结其癫痫发作特点及其演变过程,并运用高通量测序技术对患儿进行全外显子组测序,获得基因检测结果后进行表型分析。结果 20例CDD患儿均以反复癫痫发作就诊,其中男1例,女19例。17例患儿有明显智力、运动发育落后。患儿癫痫发作起病年龄为出生后2d至1岁,首次发作类型以全面强直阵挛发作、局灶性发作和强直发作多见。14例患儿先后出现癫痫性痉挛发作,均在8月龄前出现。12例患儿病程中脑电图记录到高峰失律。20例患儿均应用抗癫痫发作药物治疗,除1例采用丙戊酸钠单药治疗外,余病例均为联合用药。共发现19种CDKL5基因突变类型,5种变异已有报道,其余14种为新突变。按基因突变所累及的蛋白结构区分析,将CDKL5突变分为8组,其中1例为H组,预后较好。结论 总结CDD患儿癫痫表型特点,分析其特点与CDKL5基因突变类型及功能有关。  相似文献   
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目的 探讨天舒胶囊联合氟桂利嗪治疗前庭性偏头痛的临床效果.方法 选取2019年1月—2021年6月天津市第三中心医院分院中医科诊治的120例前庭性偏头痛患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组,每组各60例.对照组患者口服盐酸氟桂利嗪胶囊,10 mg/次,1次/d.治疗组在对照组基础上口服天舒胶囊,4粒/次,3次/d.两组疗程均为12周,随访期为8周.观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组眩晕视觉模拟评分(VAS)、临床症状、眩晕障碍量表(DHI)和脑血流速度.结果 治疗后,治疗组明显改善率是73.3%,明显高于对照组的33.3%(P<0.05).治疗后,两组VAS评分均显著降低,眩晕平均每月发作次数与持续时间均显著减少(P<0.05);治疗后,治疗组VAS评分和临床症状改善均优于对照组(P<0.05).治疗后,两组躯体评分、情绪评分、功能评分及DHI总分均显著降低(P<0.05);治疗后,治疗组DHI评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05).治疗后,两组大脑椎动脉(VA)和基底动脉(BA)的平均血流速度均显著降低(P<0.05);治疗后,治疗组VA和BA的平均血流速度均低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 天舒胶囊联合氟桂利嗪治疗前庭性偏头痛疗效良好,可改善临床症状,缩减发作频率及发作时间,在躯体及情绪维度提升患者生活质量,值得临床推广.  相似文献   
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ObjectivesHigh blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and prevalence rates continue to rise with ageing populations. Polypharmacy remains a burden among the ageing, thus alternative effective strategies are warranted. This study investigated the effects of a polyphenols rich dietary supplement containing Pinus massoniana bark extract (PMBE) for modulating BP in healthy Australian adults.DesignThis study is a secondary analysis of data from a double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.MethodsSixty-two healthy adults aged 55–75 years were randomized to receive 50 mL dietary supplement containing placebo (0 mg PMBE) or PMBE (1322 mg PMBE) daily for 12 weeks. Seated systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) were measured at baseline, 6 weeks and 12 weeks. Effects of PMBE on modulating BP was also explored in this study stratified for SBP status (optimal v high) as well as by SBP medication status. Mixed effect regression modelling was employed involving fixed categorical effects for elapsed time, treatment assignment and their interaction as well as random subject-level intercept to account for within-subject correlations resulting from repeated measurements. Significant models were further examined by addition of covariates and power calculations were performed since this study was a secondary analysis.ResultsSBP significantly reduced (−3.29 mmHg, p = 0.028) after PMBE at 12 weeks compared to baseline. SBP in individuals with normal-high SBP (>120 mmHg) in the PMBE group reduced by − 6.46 mmHg (p = 0.001) at 12 weeks compared to baseline. No significant changes were reported for individuals with optimal (≤120 mmHg) SBP nor did DBP significantly change in either study groups. In individuals with non-medicated normal-high SBP, SBP significantly reduced by − 7.49 mmHg (p = 0.001) and DBP by − 3.06 mmHg (p = 0.011) at 12 weeks compared to baseline after PMBE. Cross-group comparisons were not statistically different.ConclusionsA polyphenol-rich dietary supplement derived from PMBE led to a clinically and statistically significant reduction in SBP in adults. Future studies to investigate the effects of PMBE-polyphenol supplementation on BP are warranted to confirm and explore optimal dose and impact on hypertension.  相似文献   
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IntroductionThe use of motor imagery (MI) has been shown to offer significant improvements in movement performance in sports, and is now receiving a lot of attention as a relatively new therapeutic approach which can be applied in rehabilitation. However, the effects of MI on the quality of movement is still unclear. This study explored the immediate effect of MI on reaching tasks in healthy subjects.Methods17 healthy individuals (33 ± 8.2 years) participated in the study. Surface electromyography (sEMG) and inertial measurement units (IMU) were used to identify muscle activity and angular velocity in both upper limbs. Participants performed a reach task using their dominant and non-dominant arms at their most comfortable speed, they were then asked to imagine themselves performing the same reaching task, and finally they were asked to repeat the reaching task.ResultsSignificant decreases were seen in the muscle activity between pre and post MI for Biceps Brachii, Anterior Deltoid and Triceps Brachii. In addition, a significant increase was seen in extension angular velocity post MI.DiscussionThe results indicate that the use of MI just after physical practice appears to have an immediate effect on the muscle activity and kinematics during a reaching task, which may suggest an improved quality of movement.ConclusionThis proof of concept study shows the potential for MI to improve the quality of performing reaching task and offers a possible therapeutic option for Stroke survivors and other neuromuscular disorders.  相似文献   
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Background and aims(Poly)phenols might contribute to prevent cardiovascular disease, but limited prospective studies exist among adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate within-subject longitudinal changes in (poly)phenols intakes and food group contributors while also exploring the association with metabolic syndrome risk (MetS) during 10 years of follow up in European adolescents becoming young adults.Methods and resultsIn 164 participants (58% girls, 13-18 y at baseline) from Ghent, Zaragoza and Lille, longitudinal data (2006–2016) on (poly)phenol intake was retrieved via 2 or 3 24 h recalls. Linear and logistic longitudinal regression tested the association of (poly)phenols intake (total and classes) with Mets risk or its components (waist-height-ratio, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure and insulin resistance index), adjusted for age, sex, country and other nutrient intakes. The total (poly)phenols intake was 421 ± 107 mg/day (192 mg/1000 kcal/day) at baseline, while 610 ± 101 mg/day (311 mg/1000 kcal/day) at follow-up. The three major food sources for (poly)phenols were ‘chocolate’, ‘fruit and vegetable juices’, ‘cakes and biscuits’ during adolescence and ‘coffee’, ‘tea’ and ‘chocolate’ during adulthood. Phenolic acid intake was associated with less LDL increase over time, while stilbene intake with a steeper increase in triglycerides over time.ConclusionsDifferences in major (poly)phenols contributors over time were partially explained by age-specific dietary changes like increased coffee and tea during adulthood. Some significant (poly)phenols-MetS associations might argue for nutrition-based disease prevention during adolescence, especially since adolescents had low (poly)phenols intake.  相似文献   
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Background and aimScreening for pediatric hypertension (HTN) is based on several measurements of blood pressure (BP) in different visits. We aimed to assess its feasibility in outpatient youths with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) in terms of adherence to two-repeated measurements of BP and to show the features of youths who missed the follow-up and the predictive role of clinical and/or anamnestic features on confirmed HTN.Methods and resultsSix hundred, eighty-eight youths (9–17 years) with OW/OB, consecutively recruited, underwent a first measurement of BP. Those exhibiting BP levels within the hypertensive range were invited to repeat a second measurement within 1–2 weeks. Confirmed HTN was diagnosed when BP in the hypertensive range was confirmed at the second measurement. At entry, 174 youths (25.1%) were classified as hypertensive. At the second visit, 66 youths (37.9%) were lost to follow-up. In the remaining 108 participants, HTN was confirmed in 59, so that the prevalence of confirmed HTN was 9.5% in the overall sample; it was higher in adolescents than children (15.9% vs 6.8%, P = 0.001). HTN at first visit showed the best sensitivity (100%) and a good specificity (91%) for confirmed HTN. The association of HTN at first visit plus familial HTN showed high specificity (98%) and positive predictive value of 70%.ConclusionThe high drop-out rate confirms the real difficulty to obtain a complete diagnostic follow up in the obese population. Information about family history of HTN may assist pediatricians in identifying those children who are at higher risk of confirmed HTN.  相似文献   
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Background and aimsThe association between dietary sugars and vascular damage has been scarcely examined out of the context of established cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the association between different types of sugars with subclinical atheromatosis and arteriosclerosis, in individuals free of cardiovascular disease being, however, at moderate-to-high cardiovascular risk.Methods and resultsTwo 24-h dietary recalls were conducted to estimate sugars intake. Subclinical atheromatosis was assessed by B-mode ultrasonography and arteriosclerosis (arterial stiffness) via tonometry (carotid-to-femoral pulse wave velocity). Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship of quartiles of total sugars, monosaccharides and disaccharides with atheromatosis and arteriosclerosis, adjusting for potential confounders [Odds Ratio (95%Confidence Interval)]. In 901 participants (52.4 ± 13.8 years, 45.2% males), total sugars intake was not associated with any type of subclinical vascular damage. Subjects at 4th quartile of lactose intake (15.3 ± 5.5 g/day) had lower probability to present atheromatosis compared to those at 1st quartile (0.00 ± 0.01 g/day) even in the fully adjusted model [0.586 (0.353–0.974)]. Subjects at 3rd quartile of total disaccharides intake and particularly sucrose (15.1 ± 2.2 g/day) had higher probability to present arteriosclerosis compared to those at 1st quartile (3.0 ± 1.9 g/day) even after adjustment for all potential confounders [2.213 (1.110–4.409)].ConclusionsOverall, the present data suggest a distinct role of each type of sugars on vascular damage. These observations highlight the need for further studies investigating not only foods rich in sugars, but sugars as separate components of food as they probably contribute via different ways on the development of arterial pathologies.  相似文献   
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