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Serrated polyps (SPs) are precursors to one-third of colorectal cancers (CRCs), with histological subtypes: hyperplastic polyps (HPs), sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) and traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs). The incidence of early-onset CRC before the age of 50 is increasing, with limited understanding of SPs in younger cohorts. Using a large colonoscopy-based cohort, we characterized epidemiologic profiles of SP subtypes, compared to conventional adenomas, with secondary analysis on early-onset polyps. Ninety-four thousand four hundred and twenty-seven patients underwent screening colonoscopies between 2010 and 2018. Demographic, endoscopic and histopathologic characteristics of each polyp subtype were described. High-risk polyps included SSLs ≥10 mm/with dysplasia and conventional adenomas ≥10 mm/with tubulovillous/villous histology/high-grade dysplasia. We examined polyp prevalence with age and compared early- (age < 50) and late-onset polyps (age ≥ 50). Eighteen thousand one hundred and twenty-five patients had SPs (4357 SSLs, 15 415 HPs, 120 TSAs) and 26 699 had conventional adenomas. High-risk SSLs were enriched in the ascending colon (44.1% vs 2.6-35.8% for other locations; P < .003). Early- and late-onset SPs had similar subsite distribution. Early-onset conventional adenomas were more enriched in the distal colon/rectum (51.8% vs 43.4%, P < .001). Multiple conventional adenomas were more represented in late-onset groups (40.8% vs 33.8%, P < .001), with no difference in SSLs. The prevalence of conventional adenomas/high-risk conventional adenomas increased continuously with age, whereas the prevalence of SSLs/high-risk SSLs was stable from age 40 years onwards. A higher proportion of women were diagnosed with early-onset than late-onset SSLs (62.9% vs 57.6%, P = .03). Conventional adenomas, SSLs, early- and late-onset polyps have distinct epidemiology. The findings have implications for improved colonoscopy screening and surveillance and understanding the etiologic heterogeneity of CRC.  相似文献   
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Formal multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussions in clinical practice require time and space but have unclear survival benefits for advanced gastrointestinal cancer patients. Our study aimed to investigate the long-term survival of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer after MDT decision. From June 2017 to June 2019, continuous MDT discussions on advanced gastrointestinal cancer were conducted in 13 medical centers in China. MDT decisions and actual treatment received by patients were prospectively recorded. The primary endpoint was the difference in overall survival (OS) between patients in the MDT decision implementation and nonimplementation groups. The secondary endpoints included the implementation rate of MDT decisions and subgroup survival analysis. A total of 461 MDT decisions of 455 patients were included in our study. The implementation rate of MDT decisions was 85.7%. Previous treatment had an impact on MDT decision-making. The OS was 24.0 months and 17.0 months in the implementation and nonimplementation groups, respectively. The implementation of MDT decisions significantly reduced the risk of death in multivariate analyses (hazard ratio = 0.518; 95% confidence interval: 0.304-0.884, P = .016). Subgroup analysis showed a significant difference in survival of patients with colorectal cancer, but not in survival of patients with gastric cancer. The rate of secondary MDT discussion was only 5.6% among patients who the MDT decisions were discontinued due to changes in their condition. MDT discussion can prolong the OS of patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer, especially those with colorectal cancer. Timely scheduling of the subsequent MDT discussion is necessary when the disease condition changes.  相似文献   
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Background and objectiveThere is a growing body of evidence that the equations used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) are not suitable in critically ill patients, a population whose GFR fluctuates continuously. Glomerular filtration is usually estimated by measuring urine creatinine clearance (CrCl) at various time points. The aim of our study was to evaluate the performance of the most widely used GFR calculators in the subpopulation of critically ill patients admitted for severe trauma, and to compare the results against determinations of CrCl in urine collected over a 4-hour period (4h-CrCl).Material and methodsObservational study in patients hospitalized for severe trauma. We measured the 4h-CrCl and estimated GFR using the Cockcroft-Gault, modified Jelliffe, MDRD, t-MDRD, and CKD-EPI equations, adjusting the results for body surface area (BSA) (ml/min/1.73m2). Data were analysed using R version 4.0.4.ResultsA total of 85 patients were included. Median age was 51 years, and 68 were men (78.82%). The mean BSA-adjusted 4h-CrCl (4h-ClCr/1.73 m2) was 84.5 ml/min/1.73 m2. We found that GFR estimated using the t-MDRD equation correlated significantly with 4h-CrCl/1.73 m2. The Cockcroft-Gault equation correlated significantly with 4h-CrCl/1.73 m2 when GFR was greater than 130 ml/min/m2.ConclusionsIn ICU patients, glomerular filtration can be reliably estimated by determining urine CrCl, but GFR calculators are not accurate in this population.  相似文献   
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Background and aimsResting heart rate variability (HRV) and maximal fat oxidation (MFO) during exercise are both considered as a noninvasive biomarkers for early detection of cardiovascular risk factors. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between resting HRV parameters and MFO during exercise, and the intensity of exercise that elicit MFO (Fatmax) in healthy sedentary adults.Methods and resultsA total of 103 healthy young adults (22.2 ± 2.3 years old, 67% female; from the ACTIBATE cohort) and 67 healthy middle-aged adults (53.1 ± 5.0 years old, 52% female; from the FIT-AGEING cohort) were included in this cross-sectional study. HRV was assessed using a Polar RS800CX heart rate monitor, while MFO and Fatmax were determined during a graded exercise treadmill test using indirect calorimetry. No significant associations were observed for healthy young adults (standardized β coefficients ranged from ?0.063 to 0.094, and all P ≥ 0.347) and for middle-aged adults (standardized β coefficients ranged from ?0.234 to 0.090, and all P ≥ 0.056). Nevertheless, only a weak association was observed between one HRV parameter in time-domain (the percentage of R-R intervals that shows a difference higher than 50 ms [pNN50]) and MFO in the cohort of middle-aged adults (β coefficient = ?0.279, and P = 0.033).ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that resting HRV parameters are not associated with MFO and Fatmax during exercise in two independent cohorts of healthy sedentary young and middle-aged adults, respectively.  相似文献   
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宋美娟 《当代医学》2022,28(3):122-125
目的探讨妊娠期高血压动态心电图监测的运用价值。方法选取2019年3月至2020年3月本院收治的52例妊娠期高血压孕妇作为疾病组,52例正常妊娠孕妇作为正常组,对两组孕妇实施动态心电图监测,并获取相应的心电图监测结果。结果疾病组孕妇中动态心电图异常孕妇有17例,异常率为32.7%;正常组孕妇中动态心电图异常孕妇有3例,异常率为5.8%;两组动态心电图异常率比较差异具有统计学意义(χ;=5.094,P=0.02)。疾病组窦性心动过速率(82.7%)、ST-T段改变率(98.1%)、房性早搏率(71.2%)、室性早搏率(78.8%)、窦性心动过缓率(17.3%)均高于正常组(7.7%、5.8%、5.8%、3.8%、3.8%),差异具有统计学意义(χ;=11.099,P=0.01;χ;=19.082,P=0.01;χ;=7.334,P=0.01;χ;=9.551,P=0.01;χ;=15.224,P=0.01)。结论对妊娠期高血压孕妇积极开展动态心电图监测,可及时发现动态心电图异常孕妇,了解孕妇的心律变化,帮助临床医护人员明确心电图异常的发生原因,值得临床推广应用。  相似文献   
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罗妍 《当代医学》2022,28(1):31-34
目的探讨腹腔镜手术与保守治疗异位妊娠效果及对患者再孕成功率的影响。方法选取2018年4月至2019年4月本院收治的异位妊娠患者75例为研究对象,采用简单随机化法分为A组(n=37)与B组(n=38)。A组接受保守治疗,B组接受腹腔镜手术治疗。比较两组临床疗效、临床症状消失时间及再孕成功率。结果 B组治疗总有效率(94.74%)略高于A组(86.49%),但差异无统计学意义。B组腹痛消失、阴道出血症状消失、HCG恢复正常及月经恢复正常时间均短于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组1年后宫内妊娠率高于A组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜手术与保守治疗应用于异位妊娠患者均有良好治疗效果,但腹腔镜手术更利于患者症状的改善,提高再孕成功率。  相似文献   
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