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1.
目的探析中高频听力下降型突发性聋采取耳后注射甲强龙治疗的临床效果及可行性。方法选取2019年5月~2020年7月本院耳鼻喉科就诊的中高频听力下降型突发性聋患者,共纳入病例54例,以随机法分组,即常规组(n=27)和观察组(n=27),常规组予常规治疗,观察组采取耳后注射甲强龙,比较两组效果。结果观察组有效率相比于常规组显著提高(P<0.05);治疗3周后,观察组2000~8000Hz频率听力提高值与常规组比(P<0.05)。结论中高频听力下降型突发性聋采取耳后注射甲强龙治疗效果理想,值得推广。  相似文献   
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目的探究口服补铁联合罗沙司他治疗尿毒症血液透析患者肾性贫血的效果及对不良反应的影响。方法选取本院2019年1月至2020年3月收治的尿毒症血液透析患者97例,根据随机分组法分为观察组(n=49)和对照组(n=48)。对照组口服补铁剂硫酸亚铁片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用罗沙司他胶囊治疗,比较两组血常规指标[红细胞压积(Hct)、血红蛋白(Hb)、转铁蛋白饱和度(TSAT)、血清铁蛋白(SF)]及不良反应发生率。结果治疗前,两组Hb、Hct、SF、TSAT水平比较差异无统计学意义;治疗10周后,两组Hb、Hct、SF、TSAT水平均高于治疗前,且观察组高于照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义。结论尿毒症血液透析患者口服补铁联合罗沙司治疗可改善肾性贫血病情,且安全性高,不良反应少。  相似文献   
3.
介绍了《医疗器械监督管理条例》(以下简称《条例》)的法律属性与地位,详细分析了2021年版《条例》修订确立的风险管理、全程管控、科学监管、社会共治以及严格责任等监管原则,指出2021年版《条例》在将医疗器械注册人制度确立为医疗器械行业基本制度的同时规定了多项旨在满足临床急需的管理制度。阐述了2021年版《条例》的修订对产业创新发展和产业整体安全产生的深远影响,对医疗器械法规研究以及行业产业发展具有重要的意义。  相似文献   
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地鳖中的纤溶活性蛋白是从地鳖中提取的具有抗栓及抗肿瘤作用的有效成分,其口服易被上消化道酶分解从而限制了应用。采用恒流泵滴制法开发地鳖纤溶活性蛋白时间/pH依赖口服结肠靶向微囊(EnpolypHaga fibrinolytic protein oral colon targeting microcapsules, CTM-EFP)。采用单因素实验和正交实验相结合的方法寻找到包封率为60.17 % ± 2.72 %、载药量为15.50 % ± 0.44 % 的最佳配方。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)显示微囊呈球形、表面光滑,在人工肠液中24 h的累积释放度为99.53 % ± 0.69 %,在人工胃液中24 h累积释放度为7.43 ± 1.04 %,通过时间/pH依赖达到结肠靶向作用。CTM-EFP在人工肠液中的体外释放曲线符合Korsmeyer方程,提示地鳖纤溶活性蛋白(EnpolypHaga fibrinolytic protein, EFP)是通过扩散和侵蚀机制结合释放的。CTM-EFP为EFP的口服给药提供了一种新的剂型,为EFP应用于临床提供参考。  相似文献   
7.
ObjectivesMap regional lymph node metastases for lateralized oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) and evaluate factors associated with regional metastases and recurrence.Materials and methodsRetrospective cohort study of 715 patients with lateralized OCSCC surgically treated in 1997–2011. Analysis was performed using log-rank, Kaplan-Meier, and multivariable logistic and Cox regression.ResultsRegional metastases were identified in ipsilateral levels IIA (24%), IB (18%), III (13%), V (9%), IV (7%), IA (2%) and IIB (1%) and the contralateral neck (3%). Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (Hazard Ratio [HR] 2.2, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 1.2–3.9) and T category (T3 vs. T1: HR 4.1, 95% CI 1.9–9.3; T4 vs. T1: HR 2.3, 95% CI 1.2–4.3) were associated with regional metastases. Most (71%) isolated regional metastatic recurrences were in undissected levels of the neck, including 58% in levels IV and V. Tumors of the hard palate (HR 4.3, 95% CI 1.2–16.1), upper alveolus (HR 3.2, 95% CI 1.0–4.7) or with LVI (HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0–3.9) were associated with isolated regional recurrence. For upper alveolar/hard palate tumors, depth of invasion (DOI) ≥4 mm (P = .003) and LVI (P = .04) were associated with regional metastases.ConclusionsFor lateralized OCSCC, elective neck dissection of level IIB or the contralateral neck may rarely be needed, but additional surgical or radiation treatment of levels IV and V may be considered based on patient risk factors, including T category 3–4 or LVI. For upper alveolar/hard palate tumors, DOI ≥4 mm is an appropriate threshold for elective neck dissection.  相似文献   
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IntroductionCocaine is one of the most often used psychoactive drugs worldwide, being extracted from the leaves of Erytroxylus coca plant. Its abusive use can trigger several consequences for the human body, including the oral cavity.ObjectiveTo identify the oral disorders that are most commonly found in individuals who abuse cocaine, in addition to the main diagnostic and treatment methods.MethodsAn integrative review was carried out on the databases: LILACS, BBO, LIS, MEDLINE, SciELO, Science Direct and PubMed. The following keywords were used: “Cocaína”, “Boca”, “Palato” and “Odontologia”, together with their synonyms and variations in English, obtained from DeCS and MeSH. The inclusion criteria were original articles, articles in Portuguese, English and Spanish, studies involving individuals, without restriction related to the year of publication. Animal studies, literature reviews, book chapters, theses and dissertations were excluded.ResultsIn total, 1373 records were identified. Of these, 22 articles were selected to comprise the review. Several oral alterations caused by cocaine abuse were found, primarily perforation of the palate, predisposition to periodontal diseases, temporomandibular disorders, bruxism, damage to oral tissues, dental caries, destructive lesions of the facial midline, xerostomia and ageusia. Among the diagnostic methods used by the professionals, anamnesis, intraoral examinations and head and neck computed tomography were the most frequently mentioned. As for treatment, in patients with palatal perforation, the reconstruction of the affected area or the use of prosthetic obturators is carried out.ConclusionThe management of these patients is not an easy task, as many of the users do not even seek professional help. The health professionals must be able to recognize these manifestations and alterations to establish timely and accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.  相似文献   
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IntroductionThis study was designed to assess whether a dental caries management protocol combining a single application of 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) with comprehensive oral health education will successfully divert high-risk children from dental treatment under dental general anaesthesia (DGA), arrest active caries in primary teeth, and improve parent-reported child oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL).MethodsChildren aged 2 to 10 years, who attended two public dental agencies in Victoria, Australia, and were unable to tolerate restorative treatments in the clinic setting, elected to participate in either a 38% SDF intervention protocol or, alternatively, referral for DGA. Follow-up examinations were completed at 6 months to assess caries progression, decayed missing filled tooth index, PUFA index (pulpal involvement, ulceration, fistula, abscess), DGA referral rates, and OHRQoL (Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale [ECOHIS]).ResultsOf the total sample, 89.5% of children (n = 102) [mean (SD) age, 4.1 (1.0) years] with 401 active carious lesions elected to participate in the 38% SDF protocol; 10.5% (n = 12) of parents opted for referral for treatment under DGA. The proportion of active caries subsequently arrested at follow-up (number of arrested lesions/number of lesions treated) was 0.78 (95% CI, 0.69 to 0.87). There was an 88% reduction in referrals for DGA in eligible children over the 6-month period. The 38% SDF intervention group showed a significant improvement in ECOHIS scores at follow-up (P < .001).DiscussionAdoption of the 38% SDF intervention protocol resulted in a significant reduction in the rate of preventable dental hospitalisations. Most parents opted against referral for DGA. Parent-reported OHRQoL for children improved significantly.  相似文献   
10.
目的 观察口腔护理指导在树脂纤维弹性夹板固定外伤松动牙过程中对口腔卫生情况的影响。方法 收集51例因外伤导致牙松动的病例(349颗牙齿),行树脂纤维夹板固定处理后,随机分为2组:对照组(25例,152颗牙齿)行常规医嘱;试验组(26例,197颗牙齿)予以常规医嘱+口腔卫生护理指导。患者于术后第2 w进行复查,观察树脂纤维夹板范围内的口腔卫生情况,包括牙唇侧表面软垢形成程度,牙周探诊深度及牙周探诊出血(Bleeding on probing,BOP)阳性率。结果 试验组的牙齿表面白色软垢形成程度明显低于对照组(P< 0.05);试验组的龈沟深度为(2.68±0.36) mm,对照组为(3.23±0.45) mm,差异无统计学意义;试验组的BOP阳性率为31.98%,低于对照组的BOP阳性率77.68%(P< 0.05)。结论 口腔护理指导在外伤松动牙树脂纤维弹性夹板固定过程中十分必要,可明显改善患者口腔卫生环境,有助于预防牙龈炎症的发生。  相似文献   
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