Insensitivity of the Testis of the Musk Shrew to DICA

Oral administration of 1-(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid (DICA) (50–500 mg/kg body wt, for 30 days) had no effect on the weight or histology of the sex organs or on the levels of protein, RNA, and DNA in the testis and of fructose in the ampullary gland. The results suggest that musk shrew testis is insensitive to DICA treatment.     

Echinococcus multilocularis in musk rat (Ondatra zibethicus): the first finding of the parasite in naturally infected rodent in the Slovak Republic

Summary Infection with the larval stage of Echinococcus multilocularis was diagnosed in musk rat (Ondatra zibethicus) in the Slovak Republic. At necropsy, massively enlarged liver with numbers of abscess-like lesions up to 1.5 cm in diameter was found. Histological examination shoved the presence of typical multivesicular cysts with multiple protoscoleces and typical laminated layer. Polymerase chain reaction confirmed the diagnosis. According to our knowledge, this is the first documentation of Echinococcus multilocularis in naturally infected rodent in territory of the Slovak Republic.     

麝香和麝香注射剂中麝香酮和雄甾烷的含量测定

利用薄层层析和气相层析法对天然麝香和麟香注射剂中麟香酮的含量进行了测定,对雄甾烷类化各物氧化产物的定性分析进行了研究,制定了麝香原料和麝香注射剂质量标准的测定方法。结果表明,该方法简便易行,重现性强,符合分析中含量测定的要求。麝香酮含量测定的内标物为正十九烷,雄甾烷类氧化产物的标准品分别为5α-雄甾烷-3,17-二酮,5β-雄甾烧-3,17-二酮和△~4-雄甾稀3,17-二酮。     

芳香开窍法对大鼠脑缺血再灌注后血脑屏障超微结构损伤及AQP-4表达的影响

目的通过观察大鼠脑缺血再灌注后血脑屏障(BBB)超微结构损伤及AQP-4表达情况,探讨芳香开窍法对BBB的保护作用。方法建立大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,电镜下观察BBB超微结构,分别用RT-PCR方法、免疫组化方法研究AQP-4 mRNA、AQP-4蛋白表达的变化。结果与模型组比较,麝香配伍冰片组AQP-4 mRNA表达量显著降低(P<0.01),冰片组AQP-4 mRNA表达量也较模型组下降(P<0.05)。麝香配伍冰片组AQP-4 mRNA表达量较麝香组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。麝香配伍冰片组AQP-4蛋白表达量较模型组下降明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),冰片组AQP-4蛋白表达量也较模型组下降(P<0.05)。结论麝香配伍冰片可减轻缺血再灌注后BBB超微结构损伤,抑制脑组织AQP-4 mRNA和蛋白的表达而起到脑保护作用,这可能是其芳香开窍的作用原理之一。     

Musk ambrette and chronic actinic dermatitis

A patient with persistent photosensitivity and positive photopatch tests to musk ambrette and an after-shave lotion is reported. Phototests showed extreme sensitivity to UV radiation, especially UVB. Patch tests with the European Standard Series and some plant allergens were negative. Histology showed a granulomatous reaction with epithelioid and giant cells in the dermis.     

麝香多肽体外诱导成年大鼠和人骨髓间充质干细胞定向分化为神经元的研究

目的:观察麝香多肽体外定向诱导成年大鼠和人骨髓间质干细胞(Bonemarrowmesenchymalstemcells,BMMSCs)分化为神经元的能力。方法:采用含100-150mg/L麝香多肽的无血清L-DMEM培养基诱导成年大鼠和人BMMSCs分化为神经元,免疫组化鉴定神经元烯醇化酶(NSE)、神经丝蛋白(NF)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)、神经巢蛋白(nestin)的表达。结果:成年大鼠和人BMMSCs在加入含麝香多肽的无血清L-DMEM培养基诱导后,BMMSC胞体收缩,突起伸出,形似神经元;免疫组化显示诱导出的神经元样细胞NSE、NF、nestin表达阳性,GFAP阴性。结论:麝香多肽可以在体外诱导成年大鼠和人BMMSCs定向分化为神经元。     

Neural distribution of estrogen receptor immunoreactive cells in the female musk shrew

In this report we describe the neural distribution of estrogen receptor immunoreactivity (ER-IR) in the female musk shrew (Suncus murinus). The highest concentrations of neurons containing ER-IR were found in the preoptic areas, the lateral septum, the anterior arcuate and ventromedial nuclei of the hypothalamus, the medial nuclei of amygdala, and the midbrain central grey. Additional preoptic, hypothalamic, limbic and midbrain nuclei also contained ER-IR cells. The distribution of ER-IR was similar to that described in other mammals and birds, with several important differences. In the female musk shrew, there was little difference in ER-IR intensity or distribution when brains from gonadally intact and ovariectomized musk shrews were compared. In addition, long-term treatment with a supraphysiological dose of estradiol was required to detect a decrease in ER-IR intensity. Finally ER-IR was noted in both nuclear and cytoplasmic regions of cells in ovariectomized and gonadally intact musk shrews. The dense ER-IR noted in intact females as well as the presence of cytoplasmic stain may be due to the unusual relationship between estradiol, ovulation and sexual receptivity in this species.     

麝鼠香囊中某些化学成分的质谱分析

Benzene soluble components of a substance secreted by male muskrat (Ondatra aibethica Linn.)have been investigated by thin-layer chromatography, gas chromatography and mass spectrography. The results show that there are muscone (3-methylcyclopentadecanone) and cycloheptadecanone in the benzene soluble components.     

麝香保心pH依赖型梯度释药微丸和麝香保心丸的药效动力学

目的 探讨麝香保心pH依赖型梯度释药微丸和麝香保心丸的药效动力学参数。方法 以大鼠心肌营养性血流量为效应指标进行测定。结果 麝香保心丸在大鼠体内呈一室模型特征，其最低起效剂量为0.54mg/kg，效应呈现半衰期为0.53h，效应消除半衰期为1.21h，药效作用期为3.48h，效应达峰时间为1.13h，效量吸收半衰期为0.23h，消除半衰期为1.47h,达峰时间为0.88h,统计矩结果表明麝香保心pH依赖型梯度释药微丸和麝香保心丸的平均效应维持时间分别为5.05h和2.33h,效量平均滞留时间分别为7.70h和3.21h,麝香保心pH依赖型梯度释药微丸的效量相对生物利用度为104.03%.结论 麝香保心丸在体内具有吸收快,消除快和作用维持时间较短的特点,耐麝香保心pH依赖型梯度释药微丸在体内具有起效迅速,药效持久,缓和的特征.     

皮下埋藏麝香对BALB／c纯系小鼠恶性肿瘤生长影响的实验研究

利用纯品麝香埋藏于ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ纯系小鼠恶性肿瘤的同位和异位，并设对照组、单纯麝香无肿瘤组及正常饲养组作对照观察。结果：实验组癌瘤重量、大小，显著小于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），本组生存期显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），实验组ＮＫＩＬ－２Ｒ及Ｔ－ＴＲ显著高于其它３组，说明麝香具有提高非特异性免疫功能的作用，本实验麝香用量对心肝肾等主要脏器均无明显毒性反应