Correction results of atypical clubfeet managed with modified Ponseti technique: A meta-analysis of 354 feet

Background/purposeAtypical clubfeet are distinct from idiopathic clubfeet. It is resistant to correction by conventional casting methods and often requires a modification of Ponseti's casting technique. Although the initial correction rates are reasonable, relapse and complications are frequent. There is limited literature on the results of modified Ponseti casting of these feet. We conducted this meta-analysis to study a few important aspects of atypical/complex clubfeet treatment by the modified Ponseti technique.Research questionWhat are the results of atypical or complex clubfeet after treatment by the modified Ponseti technique?MethodologyFive electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Ovid, and Cochrane Library) were searched for articles reporting on the results of atypical/complex clubfeet treated by the modified Ponseti technique. Details of the number of casts required for correction, rate of percutaneous Achilles tenotomy (PAT), other soft tissue procedures required, complications, and relapse rates were extracted into spreadsheets, and meta-analysis was carried out using OpenMeta Analyst software.ResultsTen studies were included for analysis with a total of 240 patients with 354 clubfeet. The initial correction was achieved in all feet. A pooled analysis of the data showed that a mean of six casts was required for the initial correction. The rate of PAT was 98.3%. The overall complication rate was 16.8%. 7.2% required an additional soft tissue procedure apart from the PAT, and relapse of the deformity was observed in a mean of 19.8% cases.ConclusionModified Ponseti technique is effective in the initial management of atypical/complex clubfeet. Although the PAT rate is slightly higher in the Modified Ponseti technique, the remaining result parameters are comparable with the results of idiopathic clubfoot managed with the Ponseti method of casting. However, these children should be kept under follow-up for a longer duration to find the exact relapse rates.     

滋肾育胎丸加减方预防ACA阳性者不良妊娠结局的效果及机制研究＊

目的 探讨滋肾育胎丸加减方预防抗磷脂抗体（ACA）阳性者不良妊娠结局的效果及机制研究。方法 选取2016年2月至2019年2月我院收治的89例ACA阳性，先兆性流产或有习惯性流产（RSA）史患者，将采用西医治疗的40例作为对照组，将采用西医联合滋肾育胎丸加减方治疗的49例作为观察组，比较两组中医证候疗效、中医证候积分、ACA-IgA、ACA-IgM、ACA-IgG、凝血指标［血小板聚集功能（PAF）、活化蛋白C（PC）、抗凝血酶（AT）、纤溶酶原激活抑制物-1（PAI-1）］、Th1/Th2细胞因子［干扰素γ（IFN-γ）、白介素-2（IL-2）、白介素-4（IL-4）、白介素-10（IL-10）］、妊娠结局、安全性。结果 治疗2周后检测ACA，观察组2例未降低，对照组11例未降低，观察组未降低患者占比低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组总有效率100.00%高于对照组85.00%（P<0.05）；观察组治疗4周、7周后中医证候积分低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组治疗4周、7周后ACA-IgA、ACA-IgM、ACA-IgG低于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组治疗4周、7周后PAF、PAI-1低于对照组，PC、AT高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组治疗4周、7周后IFN-γ、IL-2低于对照组，IL-4、IL-10高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组活产率95.92%高于对照组80.00%（P<0.05）；组间不良反应总发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 动态监测ACA对滋肾育胎丸加减方精准应用具有指导意义，指导滋肾育胎丸加减方通过调理脏腑、气血、经络功能，改善先兆性流产或有RSA史患者临床症状及凝血因子指标，降低ACA水平，并可改善患者免疫耐受功能，提高胎儿活产率，且安全性高。     

基于《医学六要》补肝汤辨证加味治疗腰椎间盘突出症回顾分析

目的:分析基于明代医家张三锡《医学六要》补肝汤辨证加味在腰椎间盘突出症中的治疗价值,以此对《医学六要》补肝思想进行继承创新。方法:对湖南省中医药研究院附属医院、湘潭市中医医院、北京中医药大学深圳医院2008年8月—2019年12月采取张三锡补肝汤辨证加味治疗的9741例腰椎间盘突出症患者,进行回顾性分析。结果:优3791例,良3740例,可1228例,差982例,总有效率达89.92%。各疾病分型及中医证型疗效情况如下。①膨出型腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效最好,其次为中央突出型,脱出游离型疗效相对最差;②突出物在a域以内者临床疗效最好、其次为在b域以内者,突出物达到d域者疗效相对最差;③以寒湿型和血瘀型的临床疗效最好,不在《中医病证诊断疗效标准》中列出的其他型疗效相对最差;④以单纯L5~S1为责任节段的临床疗效最好,双节段或多节段椎间盘突出者疗效相对最差;⑤以单纯出现下肢症状和(或)体征者临床疗效最好、其次为单纯腰部出现症状和(或)体征,腰部和腿部同时出现症状和(或)体征者疗效相对最差;⑥病程以≤7天者疗效最好,≥3年者疗效相对最差。基于《医学六要》补肝汤辨证加味在腰椎间盘突出症的治疗应用上安全有效。结论:基于《医学六要》补肝汤辨证加味可用于指导腰椎间盘突出症的临床治疗,应对该补肝思想进行深入研究和继承创新。     

改良眶隔法和传统睑板法切开重睑术的术后重睑形态、瘢痕发生率、角膜暴露率比较研究

目的 比较改良眶隔法和传统睑板法切开重睑术中的应用效果及对术后重睑形态、瘢痕发生率、角膜暴露率的影响。方法 选取2020年3月-2021年3月首都医疗爱育华医院收治的80例单睑患者，采用随机数字表法将其分对照组和观察组，各40例。对照组接受传统睑板法切开重睑术，观察组接受改良眶隔法切开重睑术，比较两组术后重睑形态、瘢痕发生率、角膜暴露率、并发症发生率。结果 观察组总有效率高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组GAIS评分高于对照组，VAS评分低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组右侧角膜暴露率增加值、左侧角膜暴露率增加值高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；观察组并发症发生率为5.00%，低于对照组的22.50%，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 相比于传统睑板法切开重睑术，改良眶隔法切开重睑术不会过度增加术后角膜暴露率，术后瘢痕发生率更低，重睑形态更理想，患者接受度更高。     

Cold-passaged isolates and bat-swine influenza a chimeric viruses as modified live-attenuated vaccines against influenza a viruses in pigs

Swine influenza A virus (swIAV) infections in pig populations cause considerable morbidity and economic losses. Frequent reverse zoonotic incursions of human IAV boost reassortment opportunities with authentic porcine and avian-like IAV in swine herds potentially enhancing zoonotic and even pre-pandemic potential. Vaccination using adjuvanted inactivated full virus vaccines is frequently used in attempting control of swIAV infections. Accelerated antigenic drift of swIAV in large swine holdings and interference of maternal antibodies with vaccine in piglets can compromise these efforts. Potentially more efficacious modified live-attenuated vaccines (MLVs) bear the risk of reversion of MLV to virulence. Here we evaluated new MLV candidates based on cold-passaged swIAV or on reassortment-incompetent bat-IAV-swIAV chimeric viruses. Serial cold-passaging of various swIAV subtypes did not yield unambiguously temperature-sensitive mutants although safety studies in mice and pigs suggested some degree of attenuation. Chimeric bat-swIAV expressing the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of an avian-like H1N1, in contrast, proved to be safe in mice and pigs, and a single nasal inoculation induced protective immunity against homologous challenge in pigs. Reassortant-incompetent chimeric bat-swIAV vaccines could aid in reducing the amount of swIAV circulating in pig populations, thereby increasing animal welfare, limiting economic losses and lowering the risk of zoonotic swIAV transmission.     

荧光染色法与改良膨胀萎陷法判定段间平面在解剖性肺段切除术中的病例对照研究

目的相较于目前常用的改良膨胀萎陷法，探讨荧光染色法判定段间平面在胸腔镜解剖性肺段切除术中的可行性及安全性。 方法回顾性分析解放军总医院第一医学中心胸外科2017年3月至2019年9月行胸腔镜解剖性肺段切除术的157例临床资料，其中荧光染色组60例，女41例、男19例，年龄36～76岁；改良膨胀萎陷组97组，女62例、男35例，年龄27～85岁。荧光染色组采用反向染色法，分离出预切除肺段的肺动脉分支并切断，经外周静脉快速推注吲哚菁绿25 mg行保留肺脏部分的荧光显影从而判定段间平面。改良膨胀萎陷法，在分离出预切除肺段的支气管分支并切断后，双肺通气使肺脏完全膨胀后恢复单肺通气，一段时间后可形成较明显的段间平面。记录两组的临床资料并进行统计学分析。 结果与改良膨胀萎陷组相比，荧光染色组的段间平面形成时间更早、手术时间缩短，两组差异具有统计学意义[20 s(8～25 s)比1 008 s(884～1 200 s)，P＝0.031；(103.3±7.3)min比(132.8±10.4)min，P＝0.021]；两组的术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数目、术后置管时间、术后住院时间、并发症发生率比较，差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。 结论相较于目前常用的改良膨胀萎陷法，荧光染色法术中不需反复膨肺，同样符合肿瘤学要求，是安全、有效的。     

西安地区成人改良Jackson骶骨棒棒道影像学测量

目的 通过收集西安地区成人的影像学资料，为改良Jackson骶骨棒的操作提供解剖学数据参考。方法 将100例健康成年人作为研究对象，对其进行三维CT扫描，获得所需数据，将数据录入Mimics软件中处理，利用软件确定棒道入口，测量棒道长度，对不同性别间进行统计学分析。结果 男性测得棒道长度为（35.05±6.19） mm，最大值为52 mm；女性为（34.19±5.84） mm，最大值为46 mm。男性骶骨棒棒道长度略大于女性，但差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 经测量100例西安地区健康成人改良Jackson骶骨棒棒道长度得知，术中男性骶骨棒棒道深度应控制在52 mm以内，女性控制在46 mm以内，但个体差异较大，术前进行测量可指导手术医师制定手术方案，提高手术安全性。     

Reliability of Modified Harris Hip Score as a tool for outcome evaluation of Total Hip Replacements in Indian population

BackgroundStandard Harris Hip Score (HHS) is a validated tool, to measure the functional status of an individual and has been traditionally used to assess the condition of a patient with hip pathologies. Harris hip score in its standard form includes a physician’s physical examination component which has a high inter-observer variability. A modified version of HHS (MHHS) was devised and brought into use, but has not been validated as an outcome measure, post total hip replacement (THR) in Indian population.Methods101 patients with 122 hips for whom THR was done, were followed up, and HHS and MHHS were recorded at a minimum followup of 6 months.ResultsThe mean MHHS was 78.97 with a standard deviation of 15.017. There was positive correlation between the two functional outcome scores with a p value of 0.001. MHHS was found to be reliable with a significant intraclass correlation coefficient (p = 0.001).ConclusionMHHS is a reliable and valid tool to measure functional outcome in patients undergoing Total Hip Replacements.     

采用改良的Sugiura术治疗肝硬化并发门脉高压症患者疗效研究*

目的 探讨采用改良的Sugiura术治疗肝硬化并发门脉高压症患者的疗效及其对门脉血流动力学指标的影响。方法 回忆性分析2013年5月~2015年5月期间我院治疗的56例肝硬化并发门脉高压症患者的临床资料,手术前后采取玻璃管水柱法测量自由门静脉压（FPP）,采用吲哚氰绿15分钟潴留率(ICGR15)检测肝脏储备功能,计算肝脏有效血流（ELBF）,使用B超检测门脉内径、门静脉血流量（PVF）、肝动脉血流（HAF）和肝总血流量（THF）的变化。结果 经过改良的Sugiura术治疗,56例患者手术成功,出现肺部感染和胸腔积液4例,切口感染2例,门静脉血栓形成5例,吻合口狭窄4例,胃瘘1例。经充分引流、营养支持、抗感染、补充白蛋白或输注血浆等对症支持治疗,病情逐步缓解或痊愈;术后FPP水平为（21.3±3.4） cmH₂O,显著低于术前水平【（32.5±5.0）cmH2O,P<0.05】;在术后,56例患者EHBF、THF和PVF水平分别为（0.5±0.1） ml/min、（1481.1±354.0） ml/min和（1046.1±258.0） ml/min,在术后3 m,分别为（0.5±0.3）ml/min、（1574.1±326.0） ml/min和（1131.0±304.1） ml/min,均显著低于术前水平 [分别为（0.7±0.3） ml/min、（1891.0±392.1） ml/min和（1523.1±291.1）ml/min,P<0.05];术后HAF水平为 （435.0±142.1） ml/min,术后3 m时为（443.0±183.1） ml/min,均显著高于术前水平【（368.1±139.1）ml/min,P<0.05】;术后患者ICGR15为（22.7±7.9）%, 显著高于术前的（19.3±5.5）%,差异显著（F=7.327,P<0.05）;手术前后门静脉内径变化差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;术后1 m和术后3 m,患者血清白蛋白水平大幅升高【分别为（35.2±2.3） g/L和（36.8±1.7） g/L对（31.8±1.7） g/L,P<0.05】;在术后1 m时,患者外周血PLT和WBC计数分别为（144.5±7.2）×10⁹/L和（13.8±0.6）×10⁹/L,在术后3 m时则分别为（98.1±10.6）×10⁹/L和（4.2±0.8）×10⁹/L,均显著高于术前水平【分别为（75.3±6.7）×10⁹/L和（3.4±0.3）×10⁹/L,P<0.05】。结论 采用改良的Sugiura术治疗肝硬化并发门脉高压症患者能够改善肝功能、血细胞和门脉系统血流动力学指标,降低门静脉压力,对防治病情恶化和消化道出血有帮助,其远期疗效还有待观察。