汤岗子矿泉浴对大鼠血液皮质醇及甲状腺素日生物周期节律影响的实验观察

本文报告大鼠分别在6时、12时、18时、24时接受汤岗子矿泉38～39℃浸浴15分钟后,立即断头取血测定血液皮质醇及甲状腺素(T_4)。在6时、24时的矿泉浸浴组大鼠血浆皮质醇比对照组明显升高。在12时、18时矿泉浸浴组大鼠血清T_4比对照组明显升高。说明肾上腺皮质及甲状腺功能对全身矿泉浸浴热刺激的反应也遵循日周期节律。为矿泉治疗的时间生物学理论提供依据。     

凯素灵药笔触杀蜚蠊效果观察

凯素灵是新近生产的杀虫剂,对卫生害虫有极强的杀灭作用。以此药配成0.30%、0.25%、0.20%和0.15%四种浓度的石膏药笔,作杀灭美洲大蠊试验,其杀灭率分别为100%、95.0%、60.0%、10.0%。新配制的和放置1、4、7、10个月的0.25%浓度药笔,杀灭率分别为95.0%、90.0%、85.0%、65.0%、40.0%。现场初步观察,对卫生害虫灭效良好。认为0.25%和0.30%浓度石膏药笔,可连续使用4个月以上。药笔具有高效、低毒、价廉、使用方便等优点,可以推广使用。     

活性金属单环165的临床研究

不锈钢环型节育器(金单环)在中国广为应用。为提高金单环的避孕效果,进行了金单环支撑力与脱落关系的研究,对200,165,135g不同支撑力进行比较性研究筛选出较为合理的支撑力为165g,其外形和金单环相似,分大、中、小三种型号,大号外径22mm,中号21mm,小号为20mm。外层为不锈钢丝螺旋簧,在螺旋环内相间置入纯铜丝(200mm2)和消炎痛硅橡胶各二段(消炎痛总含量5mg左右,现已改为10mg)。于1988年10月～1989年6月全国南北方7省市11所医院共放置1000例,经3年定期随访,12,24,36个月继续存放率各为92.5,88.99及85.94/100妇女年,36月累积带器妊娠率仅1.61/100妇女,脱落率比原金单环明显降低近40％,因症取出率为3.12。于放置前后进行月经血量测量24例,放置后3、6月各增加24.4％和27.4％。行子宫内膜“含铜含药组”和“有铜无药”组对照检查各11例,含药组炎症细胞略少。作宫颈粘液中铜离子含量测定,以6月内含量较高,6月后趋向平稳。消炎痛释放测定,1月内释放较快,一年后残留20％左右。经1249例临床观察,活性金单环165是一种不需特殊培训易于推广的、安全、经济并能长期放置的IUD。     

Effects of order of presentation of exercise intensities and of sauna baths on perceived exertion during treadmill running

Summary Thirteen male subjects performed a running test on the treadmill consisting of four standard exercise intensities [65%, 75%, 85%, 95% maximal O₂ uptake (VO_2max)] presented in ascending, descending or random order. At the end of each exercise intensity, O₂ consumption, heart rate (f _c), venous blood lactate concentration ([la]_b) and perceived exertion were assessed. This last variable was determined according to the Borg nonlinear CR-20 scale. The same variables were also determined during exercise at a standard intensity (65% or 95%VO_2max) performed before and after a Finnish sauna bath. Ratings of perceived exertion showed a good test-retest reliability (r=0.77); they were the same when the exercise intensity was expressed in relative (%VO_2max) or absolute (speed) terms, and were independent of the order of presentation of the exercise. The latter had no effect onf _c either but it did, however, influence [la]_b, which was significantly higher in the descending, as compared to the ascending or random modes of presentation. The sauna bath increasedf _c at a given exercise intensity, but left perceived exertion and [la]_b unchanged. It was concluded that at least under the present experimental conditions,f _c and venous [la]_b do not play a major role as determinants of perceived exertion.     

Organ-specific acellular matrix for reconstruction of the urinary tract

In urology, replacement of organs or organ segments has proved problematic. Current techniques do not replicate complete organ function, and they cause well-known complications. With the acellular organ-specific matrix we have found a way to regenerate tissue components seen in the normal lower urinary tract. The time required for regeneration depends on the matrix size and function. The matrix is covered by urothelium migrating from the host, after which neovascularization occurs, followed by formation of smooth-muscle cells and nerves. In our studies, normal muscle lining and nerves providing functional tissue were demonstrable and no sign of antigenicity was evident, even after heterologous grafting. The regenerated rat bladder was evaluated by organ bath as well as by in vivo functional tests and demonstrated properties and functions similar to those of host tissue. Besides our obtaining encouraging results in the rat bladder, we also studied the organ-specific acellular matrix in other species (dog and rabbit) and other organ segments (ureter and urethra).     

药浴剂的研究和应用

药浴剂为综合性新剂型。药浴剂是医务工作者在患者的配合下共同配制的洗浴药水。药浴剂在给药范围上应用广泛；在用药途径上，属于外用药中的一种；在治疗方法上属于透皮疗法；在临床应用上，可以治疗或辅助治疗各学科的多种疾病。药浴剂治疗疾病的机理有二，其一是透过全身汗毛孔进入体内，其二是刺激各个穴位，通行十二经脉，透达全身，激活或调动体内各器官和组织的积极因素，以加强五脏六腑的功能，达到治疗疾病的目的。     

早产儿疾病用维生素E油浴治疗

目的 探讨维生素E油浴应用于早产儿治疗中的作用。方法 对2001年3月～2003年12月我院住院的42例患肺透明膜病的早产儿，28例患新生儿硬肿症的早产儿及随机抽取的50例早产儿，三种情况早产儿分别随机分为治疗组和对照组，对照组给予常规治疗，治疗组在常规治疗的基础上加用维生素E油浴。结果 治疗组治疗的时间均短于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论 维生素E油浴在早产儿治疗中有促进疾病好转和恢复的作用，并且未发现维生素E油浴的不良反应。     

大鼠急性血瘀模型造模方法的研究与评价

目的通过对大鼠急性血瘀模型造模方法的研究,筛选出最适宜评价活血化瘀药物的急性血瘀模型。方法应用正交实验设计法,对不同水平的盐酸肾上腺素剂量、冰浴时间、取血时间和大鼠性别进行排列组合,得到不同的大鼠急性血瘀模型的造模方法,以血液流变学为检测指标,优选最佳的急性血瘀模型,并对最优模型灌胃给药佛手散和阳性对照药复方丹参滴丸及阿司匹林来评价活血化瘀药物对该模型的改善作用。结果♀大鼠皮下注射0.8 mg.kg-1盐酸肾上腺素、冰浴时间4 min、最后一次注射盐酸肾上腺素后间隔12 h取血为最优模型。佛手散、复方丹参滴丸和阿司匹林对最优模型组大鼠的血液流变学指标均有较好的改善作用。结论盐酸肾上腺素剂量、冰浴时间、取血时间和大鼠性别等因素是大鼠急性血瘀模型能否成功复制的主要影响因素,在实验设计时要严格控制这些因素对实验结果的影响,以保证模型的重复性。     

中药药浴治疗痉挛型脑性瘫痪患儿的临床效果

目的研究中药药浴治疗痉挛型脑性瘫痪患儿的临床效果。方法选取2021年1月至12月于粤北人民医院儿童康复科确诊的80例痉挛型脑性瘫痪患儿,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各40例。对照组实施常规康复疗法,涉及运动疗法、作业疗法、物理因子治疗等,观察组进行常规康复治疗并结合中药药浴疗法,分别评估两组的肌张力及大运动功能并进行比较。结果治疗后观察组的肌张力低于对照组,大运动功能评估得分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中药药浴治疗痉挛型脑性瘫痪患儿可获得显著的效果,可改善肌张力,促进大运动功能提升,具有临床推广价值。     

药物饲料添加剂吉他霉素耐药性风险评估

目的 为给兽药减量政策的制定、动物源性食品安全的维护提供理论依据。方法 利用每日允许摄入量（ADI）、估算每日摄入量（EDI）及慢性风险熵（CRQ）,对中国居民通过摄入肉蛋乳等动物性食品暴露于吉他霉素的耐药性风险进行点评估。结果 随着年龄增长,中国居民的吉他霉素膳食暴露量逐渐降低。2～7岁人群吉他霉素的膳食暴露量最高,男女分别为2.17和2.29 μg/ ( kg·bw·d);＞65岁人群膳食暴露量最低,男女分别为0.45和0.46 μg/ ( kg·bw·d)。2～7岁人群通过摄入乳制品的吉他霉素的膳食暴露量最大,男女分别为1.15和1.22 μg/ ( kg·bw·d),8岁以上人群通过摄入肉类食品的吉他霉素的膳食暴露量最大。中国居民通过摄入肉蛋乳等动物性食品暴露于吉他霉素,各年龄段CRQ均小于1。其中2～7岁人群CRQ值最高,风险最大;65岁以上人群CRQ值最低,风险最小。结论 中国居民通过摄入动物性食品的吉他霉素耐药性风险较低,危害程度较小,但儿童通过摄入乳制品的吉他霉素耐药性风险较高,有必要制定乳制品中吉他霉素残留的限量标准。