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1.
目的探析中高频听力下降型突发性聋采取耳后注射甲强龙治疗的临床效果及可行性。方法选取2019年5月~2020年7月本院耳鼻喉科就诊的中高频听力下降型突发性聋患者,共纳入病例54例,以随机法分组,即常规组(n=27)和观察组(n=27),常规组予常规治疗,观察组采取耳后注射甲强龙,比较两组效果。结果观察组有效率相比于常规组显著提高(P<0.05);治疗3周后,观察组2000~8000Hz频率听力提高值与常规组比(P<0.05)。结论中高频听力下降型突发性聋采取耳后注射甲强龙治疗效果理想,值得推广。  相似文献   
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BackgroundPerianal abscesses and anal fistulas are common. The principle of intention-to-treat has not been considered in previous systemic reviews. Thus, the comparison between primary and post-recurrence management was confused, and the recommendation of primary treatment is obscure. The current study aims to identify the optimal initial treatment for pediatric patients.MethodsUsing PRISMA guidelines, studies were identified from MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar without any language or study design restriction. The inclusion criteria include original articles or articles with original data, studies of management for a perianal abscess with or without anal fistula, and patient age of <18 years. Patients with local malignancy, Crohn's disease, or other underlying predisposing conditions were excluded. Studies without analyzing recurrence, case series of <5, and irrelevant articles were excluded in the screening stage. Of the 124 screened articles, 14 articles had no full texts or detailed information. Articles written in a language other than English or Mandarin were translated by Google Translation first and confirmed with native speakers. After the eligibility process, studies that compared identified primary managements were then included in the qualitative synthesis.ResultsThirty-one studies involving 2507 pediatric patients met the inclusion criteria. The study design consisted of two prospective case series of 47 patients and retrospective cohort studies. No randomized control trials were identified. Meta-analyses for recurrence after initial management were performed with a random-effects model. Conservative treatment and drainage revealed no difference (Odds ratio [OR], 1.222; 95% Confidential interval [CI]: 0.615–2.427, p = 0.567). Conservative management had a higher risk of recurrence than surgery without statistical significance (OR 0.278, 95% CI: 0.109–0.707, p = 0.007). Compared with incision/drainage, surgery can prevent recurrence remarkably (OR 4.360, 95% CI: 1.761–10.792, p = 0.001). Subgroup analysis of different approaches within conservative treatment and operation was not performed for lacking information.ConclusionStrong recommendations cannot be made due to the lack of prospective or randomized controlled studies. However, the current study based on real primary management supports initial surgical intervention for pediatric patients with perianal abscesses and anal fistula to prevent recurrence.Level of evidenceType of study: Systemic review; Evidence level: Level II.  相似文献   
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ObjectiveThe use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in lung transplantation has been steadily increasing over the prior decade, with evolving strategies for incorporating support in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative settings. There is significant practice variability in the use of these techniques, however, and relatively limited data to help establish institutional protocols. The objective of the AATS Clinical Practice Standards Committee (CPSC) expert panel was to review the existing literature and establish recommendations about the use of MCS before, during, and after lung transplantation.MethodsThe AATS CPSC assembled an expert panel of 16 lung transplantation physicians who developed a consensus document of recommendations. The panel was broken into subgroups focused on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative support, and each subgroup performed a focused literature review. These subgroups formulated recommendation statements for each subtopic, which were evaluated by the entire group. The statements were then developed via discussion among the panel and refined until consensus was achieved on each statement.ResultsThe expert panel achieved consensus on 36 recommendations for how and when to use MCS in lung transplantation. These recommendations included the use of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a bridging strategy in the preoperative setting, a preference for central veno-arterial ECMO over traditional cardiopulmonary bypass during the transplantation procedure, and the benefit of supporting selected patients with MCS postoperatively.ConclusionsAchieving optimal results in lung transplantation requires the use of a wide range of strategies. MCS provides an important mechanism for helping these critically ill patients through the peritransplantation period. Despite the complex nature of the decision making process in the treatment of these patients, the expert panel was able to achieve consensus on 36 recommendations. These recommendations should provide guidance for professionals involved in the care of end-stage lung disease patients considered for transplantation.  相似文献   
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Background and aimsThe LISTEN trial (ClinicalTrial.gov accession: NCT01950884) is a phase IV 52 weeks double blind parallel randomized controlled trial that evaluated the effect of ezetimibe plus lifestyle and dietary intervention (eze) vs. lifestyle and dietary intervention alone (placebo) on progression and complications of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) evaluated by liver histology.Methods and resultsForty patients with NASH ascertained by histology were randomly allocated on the two study groups and subjected to a follow-up of 52 weeks, when they underwent a second liver biopsy. Main composite end point (EP) was based on the histological improvement in the severity of NASH.Thirty patients completed the study, Eze treatment was not able to improve the primary EP in comparison with placebo, with and odds ratio of 1.029 (0.18–6.38), p = 0.974. Treatment emergent adverse events registered during the study were not more prevalent in the treatment arm.Conclusionsezetimibe administered on top of lifestyle and dietary modification failed to improve the histology of NASH in comparison with lifestyle and dietary modification alone.Trial accession numberClinicalTrial.gov: NCT01950884.  相似文献   
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背景 音乐治疗作为新兴的治疗方法,在慢性疾病康复中的应用逐渐兴起,且日益得到重视。但音乐治疗对糖尿病康复的效果研究尚少见报道。 目的 观察音乐辅助阿格列汀对2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢的影响。 方法 选取2019年10月至2021年2月在中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院内分泌科门诊就诊的口服药物血糖控制不佳的2型糖尿病患者65例。采用随机数字表法将患者分为A组(n=35)和B组(n=30),两组患者均保持原有饮食、运动习惯。A组在原治疗(药物种类、剂量不变)基础上联用阿格列汀片治疗,B组在A组基础上给予音乐辅助治疗。两组患者均连续治疗12周。比较治疗前及治疗12周后两组患者空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、尿酸(UA)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、β细胞功能分泌指数(HOMA-β);观察患者治疗过程中不良反应发生情况。 结果 两组试验过程中因药物不良反应均剔除1例患者,A组、B组最终分别有34、29例患者完成试验。B组患者治疗12周后2 hPG低于A组(P<0.05)。治疗12周后两组患者FPG、HbA1c、2 hPG均低于组内治疗前,HOMA-β高于组内治疗前(P<0.05);治疗12周后B组患者LDL-C、TC均低于组内治疗前(P<0.05)。两组均未发生低血糖事件。 结论 音乐辅助阿格列汀较无音乐辅助更能降低2型糖尿病患者的餐后血糖,改善血脂情况。需要强调的是,音乐治疗的效果一定是在饮食控制、适当运动、合理用药的基础上。  相似文献   
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郭辉 《当代医学》2022,28(3):53-55
目的分析齐拉西酮、奥氮平对老年精神分裂症患者治疗效果及机体糖脂代谢的影响。方法选取本中心2018年9月至2019年9月收治的86例老年精神分裂症患者,根据抽签法分为观察组和对照组,各43例。对照组采用奥氮平片口服治疗,观察组采用齐拉西酮口服治疗。比较两组临床疗效及糖脂代谢情况[空腹血糖(FBG)、甘油三酯(TG)及总胆固醇(TC)]。结果两组治疗总有效率比较差异无统计学意义。治疗前,两组FBG、TG、TC水平比较差异无统计学意义;治疗8周后,观察组FBG、TG、TC水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论齐拉西酮、奥氮平治疗老年精神分裂症患者效果均较好,但齐拉西酮对患者糖脂代谢的影响较小。  相似文献   
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Background and aimsSkin autofluorescence (SAF) can non-invasively assess the accumulation of tissue AGEs. We investigated the association between SAF and kidney dysfunction in participants with T2D.MethodsOf 4030 participants consecutively measured SAF at baseline, 3725 participants free of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) were included in the analyses. The association of SAF with incident ESKD or ≥30% reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was examined with Cox regression, linear mixed-effects model for the association with annual eGFR decline, and mediation analyses for the mediating roles of renal markers.ResultsDuring a median (IQR) 1.8 (1.1–3.1) years of follow-up, 411 participants developed the outcome. SAF was associated with progression of kidney disease (hazard ratio 1.15 per SD, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.04, 1.28]) and annual decline in eGFR (β ?0.39 per SD, 95% CI [?0.71, ?0.07]) after adjustment for risk factors, including baseline eGFR and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR). Decreased eGFR (12.9%) and increased UACR (25.8%) accounted for 38.7% of the effect of SAF on renal outcome.ConclusionsSAF is independently associated with progression of kidney disease. More than half of its effect is independent of renal markers. SAF is of potential to be a prognostic marker for kidney dysfunction.  相似文献   
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目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者脂代谢异常和干眼的相关性。方法:收集2型糖尿病患者77例(154只眼),分为A组(脂代谢异常)40例和B组(脂代谢正常)37例,所有受试者全部进行眼表疾病指数问卷(OSDI量表)、泪膜破裂时间( BUT)、泪液分泌试验(Schirmer Ⅰ test)、角膜荧光素钠染色、眼表分析[睑板腺缺失评分、泪河高度(TMH)、非侵入性平均泪膜破裂时间(NIBUT)]、脂质层厚度分析等干眼相关检查,对两组结果进行统计学分析,分析2型糖尿病患者合并脂代谢异常和干眼的关系。结果:A组干眼发生率为73.75%,B组为55.41%,两组间有统计学差异(χ2=5.682,P=0.017)。A组干眼OSDI量表指数(t=-8.357,P=0.000)、BUT(Z=-4.245,P=0.000)与B组有统计学差异,OSDI量表指数与总胆固醇(r=0.706,P=0.000)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(r=0.653,P=0.000)以及甘油三酯(r=0.763,P=0.000)呈正相关;BUT与总胆固醇(r=-0.310,P=0.000)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(r=-0.262,P=0.001)以及甘油三酯(r=-0.303,P=0.000)呈负相关;Schirmer与总胆固醇(r=-0.207,P=0.010)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(r=-0.164,P=0.042)以及甘油三酯(r=-0.234,P=0.003)呈负相关。结论:脂代谢异常的2型糖尿病患者干眼发生率明显增加。  相似文献   
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