A region of heterogeneity adjacent to the 5s ribosomal RNA gene of cereal rusts

Summary Total genomic DNA was isolated from three cereal stem rusts, Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, f. sp. secalis, f. sp. avenae, and two cereal leaf rusts, P. recondita f. sp. tritici and P. coronata f. sp. avenae, and analyzed for the presence of heterogeneity in the intergenic region of the ribosomal DNA repeat unit. A 1 kb region of the repeat unit between the 26s and the 5s rRNA genes (IGR-1) was amplified by PCR and was found to be heterogeneous within each isolate and variable in size between races and species. The PCR results were confirmed by Southern blot analysis of native DNA. In an isolate of race C36(48), heterogeneity appeared to be due to variable numbers of 0.1 kb subrepeats in IGR-1. Nine wheat stem rust strains representing nine different races produced a unique pattern of heterogeneity while two different isolates of one race were identical, as were five of another. This may provide a rapid method for race identification in wheat stem rust. Heterogeneity and polymorphism in rye stem rust, oat stem rust, wheat leaf rust, and oat crown rust, was less pronounced than in wheat stem rust. In the course of this work, the 5s rRNA gene was located and its position and orientation within the ribosomal repeat unit was established.     

一种测量红细胞聚集的新方法

根据红细胞聚集时,可减少血样光散射表面的数目和光通过血样透射强度增加的原理,设计了一种新型的双圆筒式的红细胞聚集仪。该仪器具有测量速度快、测量精度高和重复性好等优点。它的产生,将为实验室和临床进行红细胞聚集的研究及检测,提供方便和可靠的测量。     

大叶冬青叶的显微鉴定

对大叶冬青ＩｌｅｘｌａｔｉｆｏｌｉａＴｈｕｎｂ．的叶进行了性状及显微特征方面的研究。     

银杏叶滴丸与复方丹参滴丸治疗高血压病临床研究

目的:观察银杏叶滴丸与复方丹参滴丸分别联合苯磺酸氨氯地平片治疗高血压病的临床疗效。方法:选择2013年2月—2015年2月就诊于本院的高血压患者132例,随机分为对照组和观察组各66例。两组患者均给予苯磺酸氨氯地平片口服治疗,每次5mg,日1次,对照组患者加用银杏叶滴丸,每次5丸,每日3次,观察组患者则加用复方丹参滴丸,每次10粒,每日3次,观察两组降压效果,监测治疗前后血压水平变化,检测治疗前后血清缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA)水平变化,观察血液流变的改善情况。结果:对照组降压有效率为92.4%,与观察组的降压有效率95.5%相当,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.532,P=0.7180.05);与治疗前相比,两组患者的血压水平均下降,治疗后两组患者的血压水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者的的IMA水平较治疗前有所降低,观察组的降低程度大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组的血液流变改善程度优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:银杏叶滴丸与复方丹参滴丸联合基础降压药物治疗均有良好的降压效果。     

银杏达莫注射液对血脂指标影响的研究

目的探讨银杏达莫注射液对血脂指标的影响。发现治疗心脑血管病合并高血脂的新型药物。方法建立以银杏达莫注射液为基础的治疗方案,通过监测治疗前后的血脂指标,评价其必要性,可行性及实用性。结果银杏达莫注射液治疗后胆固醇显著降低,高密度脂蛋白显著升高,而甘油三脂无明显变化。结论银杏达莫注射液是治疗冠心病,脑血管病并发高脂血症及高粘血症的有效而理想的药物。     

巴戟天根、茎、叶中甲基异茜草素、水晶兰苷、多糖的分布与积累研究

目的 测定巴戟天根、茎、叶中甲基异茜草素、水晶兰苷和多糖的含量,揭示其分布和积累规律.方法 分别采用HPLC法、紫外分光光度法,测定不同生长年限的巴戟天根、茎、叶中甲基异茜草素、水晶兰苷及多糖的含量.结果 种植2～6年的巴戟天根、茎、叶中甲基异茜草素的含量分别为2.61～9.98、0.69 ～ 3.87、0.11 ～0.41 μg·g-1;水晶兰苷的含量分别为9.1744～16.4693、8.4812 ～13.3430、14.1367 ～23.1610 mg·g-1;多糖的含量分别为76.8191 ～ 249.6826、44.3812～96.2719、61.0919～ 167.9649mg·g-1.结论 巴戟天中甲基异茜草素和多糖主要分布在根中,水晶兰苷主要分布在叶中.在种植2～6年间,甲基异茜草素和多糖的含量呈先上后降的变化趋势,水晶兰苷的含量则不断积累.     

桑叶提取物降血脂作用的动物试验研究

目的了解桑叶提取物降血脂效果。方法以100、200、400mg／kg．bw剂量的桑叶提取物连续给大鼠灌胃30d，次日采血测定TC、TG及HDL—C的含量。结果受试样品组大鼠血清的TC、TG含量低于模型对照组。而其HDL—C含量高于模型对照组。结论桑叶提取物具有降低血脂的作用。     

乌药中异喹啉生物碱去甲异波尔定的含量测定

目的:建立乌药中去甲异波尔定的含量测定方法.方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定去甲异波尔定(norisoboldine)的含量,以Phenomenex Gemini C_(18)柱为固定相,乙腈-0.5%甲酸(加三乙胺调节pH至2.25)为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长为280 nm,柱温25℃.结果:去甲异波尔定在0.015～1.509μg峰面积与进样量呈良好的线性,r=0.999 9;平均回收率为99.58%,相对标准偏差为1.4%.结论:通过对20批不同来源的乌药样品中去甲异波尔定的测定,结果表明方法简单,准确可靠,重复性好,可为提升乌药的质量标准提供依据.     

怀地黄叶的生药学研究

目的:对怀地黄叶(Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch)进行生药学研究。方法:采用性状鉴别、显微鉴别、理化鉴别的方法进行生药学研究。结果:地黄叶粉末,可观察到腺毛、非腺毛(2个~6个细胞不等)及螺纹导管;地黄叶横切片观察,可见明显的表皮细胞和栅栏组织,叶肉部分表皮细胞一层,椭圆形、长圆形,大小不等,上表皮下方有栅栏细胞一层,长柱形,大小较均匀。栅栏组织内布满散点状叶绿体,海绵组织内叶绿体较少,下表皮无栅栏组织,栅栏组织不通过叶脉。结论:地黄叶具有独特生药学特征,为生药地黄叶的鉴定、质量研究及开发应用提供了科学依据。     

Aggregate-Level Predictors of the Prevalence of Selected Drinking Patterns in Multiple Studies: A Research Synthesis from the Collaborative Alcohol-Related Longitudinal Project

This paper examines the prevalence of two “at-risk” alcohol drinking patterns (infrequent heavy drinking and frequent heavy drinking) within age/gender groups in multiple general population studies. When heterogeneity in findings across studies is found, we test the hypotheses that suicide, divorce, unemployment rates, and the per capita consumption of alcohol in each country are associated with the prevalence of these drinking patterns. These analyses should inform the literature on the relationships between societal factors and the prevalence of persons in different societies and periods in history that drink at these levels. [Translations are provided in the International Abstracts Section of this issue.]