兰州百合多糖BHP-1的化学结构与形貌分析

目的:以兰州百合鳞茎中分离和纯化得到的多糖BHP-1为主要研究对象,综合运用仪器分析和化学反应等手段研究其初步的形貌特征和化学结构。方法:采用热重分析(TG)及扫描电镜(SEC)技术分别分析多糖BHP-1的热稳定性和形貌结构特征;通过气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术,结合部分酸水解、高碘酸钠氧化-Smith降解以及核磁共振波谱(NMR)分析等方法对多糖BHP-1的化学结构进一步的进行解析。结果:BHP-1是以1,4连接的α-D-吡喃葡萄糖和1,4连接的β-D-吡喃甘露糖为基本骨架的甘露葡聚糖,在葡萄糖和甘露糖的2位和/或3位形成主要的分支,主链或支链的末端残基主要为T-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖,同时在其结构片段中含有少量的O-乙酰基。热重分析显示BHP-1在220℃开始发生降解,520℃基本结束,说明BHP-1热稳定性良好。形貌分析显示BHP-1表面光滑有大量凹陷,凹陷处多为片层结构错落紧密堆积而成,并交织下陷呈不规则的孔洞。结论:多糖BHP-1是一种热稳定性良好,表面光滑有大量的凹陷和孔洞,并含少量O-乙酰基的甘露葡聚糖,其化学结构为首次报道。     

百合皂苷的提取工艺与抗抑郁作用研究

目的:研究百合皂苷的提取工艺与抗抑郁作用。方法:以乙醇体积分数、乙醇用量、提取时间为考察因素,以百合皂苷提取率为指标,通过L9(34)正交试验优选百合皂苷提取工艺。将小鼠分为正常对照(等容生理盐水)组、氟西汀(0.004 g/kg)组与百合皂苷高、中、低剂量(0.100、0.050、0.025 g/kg)组。悬尾实验和强迫游泳实验均记录小鼠4 min内不动时间;拮抗利血平降低小鼠体温实验中记录复制模型4 h后小鼠体温。结果:百合皂苷最佳提取工艺为加入1倍量的70%乙醇,提取3 h。与正常对照组比较,百合皂苷提取物高、中剂量组小鼠4 min内悬尾不动时间、游泳不动时间均缩短,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);复制模型4 h后小鼠体温变化减小,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:百合皂苷具有一定的抗抑郁作用。     

Occupational allergy caused by Dianthus caryophillus, Gypsophila paniculata, and Lilium longiflorum

Background Occupational allergy to ornamental flowers is seldom reported. Methods We report a case of a 35-year-old male flower supplier who developed IgE-mediated allergic rhinoconjunctivitis with nasal polyps, and contact urticaria and dermatitis after handling Gypsophila paniculata, Dianthus caryophiUtis. and Lilium longiflortim .
Results Studies revealed the presence of positive immediate skin prick tests. Rubbing tests were positive to G. paniculata and D. caryophillus . Serum specific IgE was detected against G. paniculata and L. longiflorum . In IgE immunoblot, two IgE-binding bands (15 and 17 kDa) were obtained against D. caryophillus, and two different bands (19 and 22 kDa) were visible against L. longiflorttm .
Conclusions TTiese findings suggest an IgE-mediated reaction as the mechanism responsible for the respiratory and cutaneous symptoms of the patient. No similar eases of allergy to D. caryophillus and L. longiflorum have been previously reported.     

卷丹化学成分研究

目的：研究卷丹Lilium lancifolium鳞茎中的化学成分。方法：用色谱法分离卷丹的化学成分,用波谱法鉴定其结构。结果：从卷丹中分离并鉴定了10个化合物,分别为王百合苷A(1),王百合苷C(2),甲基-α-D-吡喃甘露糖苷(3),甲基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4),(25R,26R)-26-甲氧基螺甾烷-5-烯-3β-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-［β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)］-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5),(25R)-螺甾烷-5-烯-3β-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-［β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)］-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6),(25R,26R)-17α-羟基-26-甲氧基螺甾烷-5-烯-3β-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-［β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)］-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(7),胡萝卜苷(8),腺嘌呤核苷(9),小檗碱(10)。结论：除化合物1,3外均为首次从该植物中分离得到,其中10为首次从百合属植物中发现。     

食用百合与药用百合的成分比较

目的：比较食用百合与药用百合的化学成分。方法：采用浸出物含量及多糖含量测定法、HPLC法、指纹图谱相似度检查、GC—MS法对两类百合的化学成分进行比较。结果：两类百合的浸出物及多糖含量、HPLC、指纹图谱、GC—MS图谱之间都有明显差异，但食用百合的浸出物及多糖含量高于药用百合。结论：食用百合不可以作为药用百合应用于临床。     

卷丹化学成分的研究

目的研究卷丹Lilium lancifolium Thunb.鳞茎中的化学成分。方法利用柱色谱和重结晶等进行分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据鉴定结构。结果分离得到15个化合物,分别鉴定为:①β-D-葡萄糖糖基-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷,②β-D-果呋喃糖基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷,③甲基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷,④甲基-α-D-吡喃甘露糖苷,⑤腺嘌呤核苷,⑥胡萝卜苷,⑦1-O-对香豆酰基甘油酯,⑧薯蓣皂苷元3-O-{O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-O-[β-D-木糖基(1→3)]-β-D-葡萄糖苷},⑨(25R)-3β,17α-二羟基-5α-螺甾烷-6-酮-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷,⑩(25R)-3β-羟基-5α-螺甾烷-6-酮-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖基-(1→2)-β-D-葡萄糖苷,(11)(25R)-螺甾烷-5-烯-3β-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-(1→2)-[β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→6)]β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷,(12)二十九烷醇,(13)正二十二烷酸,(14)豆甾醇,(15)β-谷甾醇。结论化合物2、3和化合物5～11均首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Steroidal glycosides from the bulbs of Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum Thunb.) promote dermal fibroblast migration in vitro

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Preparations derived from bulbs of various Lilium species have been used to promote the healing of skin abrasions, sores and burns and to aid in healing wounds in Traditional Chinese and Greco-Roman Medicine.

Aim of the study

To evaluate fractionated Easter lily bulb extracts and their steroidal glycosides (1–5) for the promotion of dermal fibroblast migration in vitro, a model for the early events in wound healing.

Materials and methods

An activity-guided screening approach was used by coupling sequential solvent extraction, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and semi-preparative reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with an in vitro dermal fibroblast migration assay. Cytotoxicity was evaluated with methyl thiazole tetrazolium (MTT). To gain insight into the mode of action of the steroidal glycosides, nitric oxide (NO) production, and expression of genes for transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β) and its receptors were evaluated.

Results

Fractionated bulb extracts and the two isolated steroidal glycoalkaloids (1) and (2) induced NO production and TGF-β receptor I mRNA expression in fibroblast cell culture. In a cytotoxicity assay, steroidal glycosides (1) and (3) had IC₅₀ values of 8.2 and 8.7 µM, but the natural acetylation of the C-6″′ hydroxy of the terminal glucose unit in (2) resulted in a 3-fold decrease in cell cytotoxicity when compared with (1). Results from the dermal fibroblast migration assay revealed that the steroidal glycoalkaloids (1) and (2), and the furostanol saponin (3) promoted fibroblast migration from the range of 23.7±5.7 to 37.7±5.1%, as compared with the control.

Conclusion

Collectively, our data demonstrate that the steroidal glycosides present in Easter lily bulbs induce, at least in part, the observed dermal fibroblast migration activity of the bulb extracts. This is the first evidence that steroidal glycosides from Lilium longiflorum may potentially play a role in the wound healing process and may provide a scientific basis for the historical use of lily bulbs for this purpose.     

Introgression of Lilium Rubellum Baker Chromosomes into L. Longiflorum Thunb.: A Genome Painting Study of the F1 Hybrid, BC1 and BC2 Progenies

Interspecific hybrids between Lilium longiflorum (L, 2n=2x=24) andLilium rubellum (R, 2n=2x=24) were produced with the aim of transferring desirable horticultural traits from L. rubellum to L. longiflorum. All F₁ hybrids (LR, 2n=2x=24) and BC₁ individuals (LLR, 2n=3x=36) were phenotypically uniform for plant height, flowering time, leaf shape and flower colour. The BC₁ plants were, in spite of their triploid nature, fertile and could be used as a female parent in backcrossings with autotetraploid L. longiflorum (LLLL, 2n=4x=48). Twelve BC₂ individuals were obtained and three of them were selected for further chromosome analysis. As L. longiflorum and L. rubellum chromosomes were indistinguishable in the hybrids, genomic in- situ hybridization (GISH) was applied to establish the parentage of the chromosomes of the F₁ hybrids and the BC₁ and BC₂ progenies. GISH confirmed the LLRR constitution of the doubled amphimonoploid (allodiploid), and the LLR constitution of all BC₁ plants. The three selected BC₂ plants were, as expected, aneuploid, containing three complete sets of L. longiflorum chromosomes and six, seven or eight L. rubellum chromosomes, respectively. However, L/R translocation or recombinant chromosomes could not be demonstrated in the mitotic metaphase complements of the F₁, BC₁ and BC₂ plants. In spite of the high frequencies of homoeologous recombination in the F₁ hybrids (LR) pollen was found to be sterile in all cases. At metaphase I of the pollen mother cells of the BC₁ plants, genome painting did not reveal any cases of homoeologous pairing and recombination between L and R chromosomes. This lack of exchange between homoeologous chromosome segments indicates complete preferential pairing of the L and R chromosomes in the F₁ (amphidiploid) and BC₁ plants. It seems that the preferential pairing in the F₁ and BC₁ hybrids hinder the introgression of the chromosome segments or species-specific genes into the recipient for breeding purposes.     

中药百合HPLC指纹图谱研究

目的 建立中药百合的HPLC指纹图谱.方法 收集产地湖南的百合11批,用80％乙醇水浴回流提取1h,高效液相法测定指纹图谱,试验以薯蓣皂苷为对照品.乙腈-0.5％H3PO4二元梯度洗脱,体积流量1 mL/min;柱温为室温;检测波长为205nm.采用相似度软件(2004药典版)对百合药材指纹图谱进行相似度分析.结果 11批百合药材指纹图谱共确立了13个共有峰,批之间的相似度均在0.9 ～1.0之间.结论 该方法可较全面的反映百合的化学成分,为百合药材的质量控制提供了有效的方法.