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1.
Background: Quality of life (QOL) of family caregivers of cancer patients is usually affected due to increase in caregiver burden. Their QOL has not garnered much attention by many including the health professionals and community. This study aims to explore the QOL of family caregivers of cancer patients in a multi-ethnic country in Asia and to investigate its associate factors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study where family caregivers and patients who were diagnosed of cancers within 12 months were recruited. QOL of caregivers were measured using The Caregiver Quality of Life Index-Cancer (CQOLC). Psychological distress was measured using Hospital anxiety and depressive scale. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the related factors of QOL of caregivers. Results: A total of 458 patients/caregiver pairs were included. Symptoms of anxiety and depression reported by caregivers were 24.9% and 24.2% respectively. Caregivers of patients with solid tumors have better CQOLC score compared to those who cared for patients with hematological cancers (91.25 vs 86.75). Caregivers of non-Malay ethnicity, those caring for patients with advanced stage cancer and with hematological cancers had significantly poorer QOL. QOL of caregivers are also significantly affected when patients demonstrated anxiety symptoms. Conclusion: This study provides detailed evaluation of the QOL of caregivers of cancer patients in Malaysia. The significant psychological distress and low caregiver QOL indicate the urgent need for comprehensive supports for caregivers with cancer patients, especially those caring for patients with haematological cancers.  相似文献   
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目的 探讨八段锦运动对腹膜透析患者透析充分性、营养状况以及生活质量的影响。方法2019年6月至2020年6月,采用方便抽样方法选取在上海中医药大学附属龙华医院肾内科接受腹膜透析治疗的70例患者作为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将患者分为观察组(n=35)和对照组(n=35),对照组接受常规生活方式指导及腹膜透析相关并发症处理,观察组在此基础上增加八段锦运动。比较两组患者干预前、干预12周后的透析充分性、营养状况以及生活质量。结果 与干预前比,干预12周后两组患者透析充分性均无明显变化(P>0.05);前白蛋白与血红蛋白均升高(P<0.05),白蛋白无明显变化(P>0.05);观察组患者肾脏病影响维度得分提高(P<0.05)。干预12周后,观察组患者躯体健康综合评分、心理健康综合评分、肾脏病影响维度得分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 八段锦运动能有效提高腹膜透析患者的生活质量。  相似文献   
3.
目的研究多方式下延续性护理对慢性非萎缩性胃炎(CNAG)患者出院后健康素养、生活质量和复诊率的影响。方法选择本院2018年10月至2019年6月诊治的94例CNAG患者作为研究对象,采用信封随机法将患者均分为延续组和常规组,各47例,前者给予多方式下延续性护理,后者给予常规护理。均干预6个月,比较两组患者健康素养、生活质量以及复诊率。结果干预后两组患者健康素养分值均较干预前显著上升,延续组患者上升幅度较常规组更显著(P<0.05);延续组患者生理功能、生理职能、活力、精神健康、躯体疼痛、总体健康评分均显著高于常规组(P<0.05),而情感职能、社会功能与常规组相比差异不显著(P>0.05);延续组患者复诊率显著高于常规组,但再就诊率与常规组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论多方式延续性护理可有效提高CNAG患者的健康素养和生活质量,提高复诊率。  相似文献   
4.
ObjectiveTo estimate the contribution of county-level contextual factors to differences in life expectancy in the United States.MethodsWe used a counterfactual approach to estimate the years of life expectancy lost associated with 45 potentially modifiable county-level contextual characteristics in the United States in the year 2016. Contextual data and life expectancy data were obtained from the County Health Ranking Project and the U.S. Small-Area Life Expectancy Estimates Project, respectively.ResultsMedian census-tract–level life expectancy was 78.90 (interquartile range, 76.30-81.00) years, and the range across census tracts spanned 41.20 years. Large variations in life expectancy existed within and between states and within and between counties; the gap between counties was 20.30 years and gaps within counties ranged from 0 to 34.60 years. An array of 45 county-level factors was associated with 4.30 years of life expectancy loss. County-level adult smoking, food insecurity, adult obesity, physical inactivity, college education, and median household income were associated with 1.24-, 0.89-, 0.58-, 0.35-, 0.33-, and 0.14-year losses in life expectancy, respectively; and altogether were associated with a 3.53-year loss in life expectancy. The contribution of contextual factors to years of life expectancy lost varied among states and was more pronounced in states with lower life expectancy and in areas of increased socioeconomic deprivation and increased percentage of Black race.ConclusionSubstantial geographic variation in life expectancy was observed. Six county-level contextual factors were associated with a 3.53-year loss in life expectancy. The findings may inform and help prioritize approaches to reduce inequalities in life expectancy in the United States.  相似文献   
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6.
IntroductionThe watch-and-wait (WW) strategy is an alternative to anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer (RC) that have had a complete clinical response to neoadjuvant treatment. Few reports describe the quality of life and functional anorectal disorders (FADs) in that population.AimTo analyze and compare the FADs and quality of life in patients with locally advanced adenocarcinoma of the rectum treated with neoadjuvant therapy, divided into two different strategy groups: group 1 (G1), WW; and group 2 (G2), anterior resection.Materials and methodsThirty patients (G1: n = 20 and G2: n = 10) that had finished neoadjuvant therapy at least 12 months prior were included. Mean patient age was 59.5 years (range: 41-79) and 15 of the patients were men. The FADs were evaluated through: a) clinical history, b) 21-day bowel diary, c) Jorge and Wexner fecal incontinence scale, d) anorectal manometry (ARM), and fecal incontinence quality of life scale (FIQL).ResultsBowel diary: fecal incontinence (40%) and urge to defecate (45%) in G1 vs. fecal incontinence (60%) and urge to defecate (30%) in G2, with no significant differences (p = NS). Fecal incontinence scale: fecal incontinence in G1 was significantly less severe than that in G2 (median 6.5 points vs. 13 points [p = 0.0142]). ARM: no differences between the two groups. Quality of life: significantly different between the two groups (FIQL/G1: 3.7 vs. FIQL/G2: 2.8; p < 0.03).ConclusionsThe WW follow-up strategy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer was associated with better quality of life and reduced fecal incontinence.  相似文献   
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1999-2018年天津市居民平均期望寿命变化分析   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0       下载免费PDF全文
目的 分析近20年天津市居民期望寿命变化规律以及对期望寿命增量的影响因素。方法 应用简略寿命表、期望寿命差异的年龄和死因分解法对天津市户籍居民1999-2018年死因监测数据进行分析,计算不同年龄、不同疾病死亡率对期望寿命增量的贡献值和百分比。结果 20年间天津市户籍居民期望寿命增加了4.97岁,男性、女性期望寿命分别增加4.11岁和5.86岁,女性增幅高于男性。0岁组死亡率下降对期望寿命增加的贡献率为19.17%,≥55岁组居民死亡率下降对期望寿命的增加贡献较大,累计贡献率为67.38%。脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病、心脏病、围生期情况、先天畸形以及损伤和中毒死亡率下降对期望寿命提高的贡献较大,贡献率分别为27.27%、21.37%、15.76%、12.22%、6.44%和4.86%。恶性肿瘤、损伤和中毒、糖尿病、神经系统疾病等死亡率的增加对≥75岁人群寿命增长产生负向作用。天津市期望寿命增加具有阶段性特点,1999-2011年为76.72~81.46岁,具有上升趋势(t=9.11,P<0.001),年度变化百分比(APC)为0.58%;2011-2018年为81.46~81.69岁,为平稳趋势(t=0.89,P=0.387),APC为0.13%。结论 1999-2018年天津市居民期望寿命增长主要归因于婴儿、老年人、脑血管病、呼吸系统疾病、心脏病、围生期情况、先天畸形以及损伤和中毒死亡率的下降,而≥75岁人群恶性肿瘤、损伤和中毒、糖尿病、神经系统疾病等死亡率的增加对期望寿命增长产生了负向作用。应加强重点人群、重点疾病的综合防治,进一步提高人群期望寿命。  相似文献   
9.
BackgroundIncreasing age as well as borderline personality pathology are associated with a lower level of health-related quality of life (HR-QoL). Our objective was to investigate whether the presence of borderline personality traits modifies the association between age and HR-QoL in the general population.MethodsCross-sectional data from 5,303 respondents (aged 21–72 years) of the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2 were analyzed. Borderline personality traits were assessed with the International Personality Disorder Examination questionnaire. Mental and physical HR-QoL were measured with the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form Health Survey. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the association of borderline personality traits, age and their interaction on mental as well as physical HR-QoL, adjusted for demographic variables as well as somatic and mental disorders.ResultsA total of 1,520 (28.7%) respondents reported one or more borderline personality traits of which 58 (1.1%) reported five or more indicative of a borderline personality disorder. A higher age was associated with lower physical HR-QoL. This negative association became significantly stronger in the presence of borderline personality traits. The association between increasing age and mental HR-QoL was positive in the absence of borderline personality traits and negative in the presence of borderline personality traits.ConclusionBorderline personality traits negatively interfere with the association between age and HR-QoL irrespective of somatic and mental disorders. Attention of clinicians and researchers for subthreshold borderline personality pathology is needed in middle-aged and older persons.  相似文献   
10.
上海市居民期望寿命与健康期望寿命的差异分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
目的 分析不同年龄、性别的上海市居民期望寿命和健康期望寿命的差异。方法 分析比较上海市和全球长寿国家/地区期望寿命的变化趋势;利用全球疾病负担研究建立的疾病和健康结局的失能权重,应用Sullivan法测算上海市居民健康期望寿命,并分析不同年龄、性别人群的健康寿命损失。结果 近40年,上海市期望寿命增长了10.86岁,2016年上海市居民期望寿命为83.18岁,其中男性80.83岁,女性85.61岁。健康期望寿命为69.46岁,其中男性为68.68岁,女性为70.23岁;与期望寿命的差距分别为13.72、12.15和15.38岁;分别占期望寿命的16.49%、15.02%和17.97%。与期望寿命相同,各年龄组女性的健康期望寿命均高于男性,平均差距为1.76岁,两者差距在20~24岁组最小为1.36岁,70~74岁组最大为2.24岁。健康期望寿命损失率随着年龄的上升而上升,<65岁女性高于男性,≥65岁则相反。结论 上海市期望寿命已达世界领先水平,但健康寿命损失较大,需要在降低死亡率的基础上进一步提高寿命质量,尤其是女性和≥65岁男性是重点关注人群。  相似文献   
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