首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   51838篇
  免费   3998篇
  国内免费   1446篇
耳鼻咽喉   959篇
儿科学   997篇
妇产科学   328篇
基础医学   4790篇
口腔科学   812篇
临床医学   6184篇
内科学   9514篇
皮肤病学   518篇
神经病学   2710篇
特种医学   1023篇
外国民族医学   1篇
外科学   5080篇
综合类   8618篇
一般理论   2篇
预防医学   5097篇
眼科学   275篇
药学   4938篇
  38篇
中国医学   4191篇
肿瘤学   1207篇
  2024年   104篇
  2023年   1076篇
  2022年   1788篇
  2021年   2203篇
  2020年   1814篇
  2019年   1621篇
  2018年   1731篇
  2017年   1500篇
  2016年   2092篇
  2015年   2379篇
  2014年   4361篇
  2013年   4080篇
  2012年   3556篇
  2011年   3650篇
  2010年   2999篇
  2009年   2584篇
  2008年   2221篇
  2007年   2053篇
  2006年   1699篇
  2005年   1500篇
  2004年   1596篇
  2003年   991篇
  2002年   782篇
  2001年   735篇
  2000年   572篇
  1999年   548篇
  1998年   533篇
  1997年   568篇
  1996年   572篇
  1995年   498篇
  1994年   613篇
  1993年   446篇
  1992年   469篇
  1991年   426篇
  1990年   443篇
  1989年   335篇
  1988年   329篇
  1987年   188篇
  1986年   215篇
  1985年   220篇
  1984年   204篇
  1983年   131篇
  1982年   180篇
  1981年   129篇
  1980年   127篇
  1979年   95篇
  1978年   74篇
  1977年   74篇
  1976年   54篇
  1975年   31篇
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant health problem in developed countries. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of COPD in a single Spanish healthcare area. We also aimed to assess if there are any differences in prevalence and spirometry use among primary care services by utilizing already registered information. We designed a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of COPD and the performance of spirometries in each primary care service. A total of 8,444 patients were diagnosed with COPD, with a prevalence of 2.6% for individuals older than 39 years. The prevalence increased with age and was much higher in men. Significant heterogeneity was found in the prevalence of COPD and spirometry use among primary care services. COPD was underdiagnosed and there was wide variability in spirometry use in our area. Greater efforts are needed to diagnose COPD in order to improve its clinical outcomes and to refine registries so that they can be used as reliable sources of information  相似文献   
2.
3.
Context: We sought to describe our experience with the Hybrid Assistive Limb® (HAL®) for active knee extension and voluntary ambulation with remaining muscle activity in a patient with complete paraplegia after spinal cord injury.

Findings: A 30-year-old man with complete paraplegia used the HAL® for 1 month (10 sessions) using his remaining muscle activity, including hip flexor and upper limb activity. Electromyography was used to evaluate muscle activity of the gluteus maximus, tensor fascia lata, quadriceps femoris, and hamstring muscles in synchronization with the Vicon motion capture system. A HAL® session included a knee extension session with the hip flexor and voluntary gait with upper limb activity. After using the HAL® for one month, the patient’s manual muscle hip flexor scores improved from 1/5 to 2/5 for the right and from 2/5 to 3/5 for the left knee, and from 0/5 to 1/5 for the extension of both knees.

Conclusion/clinical relevance: Knee extension sessions with HAL®, and hip flexor and upper-limb-triggered HAL® ambulation seem a safe and feasible option in a patient with complete paraplegia due to spinal cord injury.  相似文献   

4.
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the strength of the relationships between self-efficacy and (i) functional exercise capacity and (ii) physical activity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and whether self-efficacy assessment type (i.e., COPD symptoms, exercise-task, exercise-barrier, general, falls) and physical activity assessment type (i.e., self-report vs. objective) are moderators. A systematic search of COPD and self-efficacy concepts was conducted using eight databases from inception to 23 January 2019. Studies were included if they provided correlation coefficients of the relationship between self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity or physical activity, were conducted in adults diagnosed with COPD, and were published in English-language journals. A total of 14 correlation coefficients were included in the self-efficacy and functional exercise capacity meta-analysis, and 16 in the self-efficacy and physical activity meta-analysis. Data were screened, reviewed, and extracted independently by two reviewers, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Stronger self-efficacy was associated with better functional exercise capacity (weighted r?=?0.38, 95%CI [0.25, 0.50]), and greater physical activity (weighted r?=?0.25, 95%CI [0.17, 0.34]). Exercise-task self-efficacy had the strongest relationship to functional exercise capacity (weighted r?=?0.64, 95% CI [0.51, 0.73]). For physical activity, the type of self-efficacy most strongly related was inconclusive. In COPD, self-efficacy has a relationship to functional exercise capacity and physical activity, the strength of which is influenced by the choice of self-efficacy measure. An understanding of these relationships will assist clinicians in selecting the self-efficacy measure most closely related to the outcome of interest.  相似文献   
5.
6.
慢性肾衰竭急性加重的临床特征及相关因素分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的:探讨慢性肾衰竭(CRF)急性加重因素及其治疗措施对预后的影响。方法:对2001年1月~2005年6月住院治疗的CRF急性加重患者42例,按其加重原因、基础疾病、治疗方式和疗效进行回顾性总结。结果:CRF急性加重因素依次为各种感染(45.2%)、原发病加重(19.0%)、高血压未控制(14.3%)、水电解质紊乱(11.9%)、肾毒性药物(11.9%)、心功能不全(9.5%)、尿路梗阻(4.8%)、血高粘滞状态(2.4%),7例同时存在≥2种上述病因(16.7%)。CRF急性加重原发病以慢性肾小球肾炎(52.4%)和糖尿病肾病(11.9%)为主。积极治疗后肾功能恢复达到或接近原来水平者40例,死亡2例,死亡2例的年龄均在60岁以上。结论:对于CRF肾功能急剧恶化的患者,应积极寻找其加重因素,并采取非透析和透析相结合治疗,改善肾功能,降低病死率,延长患者生命。  相似文献   
7.
The effects of daily oral administration of a high dose of 10 mg norethisterone acetate (NET-Ac.)/kg/day over 14 weeks on serum lipid and lipoprotein parameters as well as on blood coagulation were investigated in female monkeys (M. fascicularis). Measurements of lipids and lipoprotein cholesterol were performed in weeks —5 and — 1 before treatment and in weeks 4, 8 and 12 after treatment. In addition, various blood coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters were determined in weeks 11–14 after treatment with NET-Ac. Furthermore, the serum levels of norethisterone (NET) were determined in order to monitor the real systemic compound exposure and revealed that Cmax and AUC (0–3 h) values reached for norethisterone in this experiment in monkeys were about 25 times higher than those obtained after an oral contraceptive dose of NET-Ac. in women.

The results of lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol determinations showed decreases in serum total lipids, phospholipids, triglycerides and total cholesterol associated with similar decreases in HDL-, LDL- and VLDL-cholesterol fractions after NET-Ac.-treatment in monkeys. These effects were observed from week 4 onwards and maintained their magnitude up to week 12 after treatment. Since both HDL- and LDL-cholesterol fractions decreased, the HDL/LDL-ratio remained almost unchanged. Thus, the results obtained in this study after high-dose treatment with NET-Ac. in monkeys did not indicate any changes of lipid and lipoprotein parameters which in humans are supposed to be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular lesions, namely a decrease in HDL- and increase in LDL-cholesterol fractions.

The results of blood coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters showed increased antithrombin-III and plasminogen levels besides minor changes in other parameters, thus indicating that NET-Ac. -treatment does not contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular thrombotic events in the cynomolgus monkey.  相似文献   

8.
目的 探讨老年慢性病患者常见症状间的相互关系及其对生存质量的影响,以寻找提高其生存质量的护理对策.方法 采用焦虑自评量表、老年人抑郁量表、SF-36量表对230例老年慢性病患者进行常见症状及生存质量调查,并分析各种症状间的关系以及症状与生存质量的相关性.结果 老年慢性病患者生存质量八大项目得分偏低.常见躯体症状包括躯体疼痛、头晕、疲乏、睡眠障碍发生率依次为25.73%、33.80%、25.00%、22.05%.常见心理症状焦虑和抑郁得分为38.35±7.26、8.71±5.21.且各种常见症状之间呈正相关(r=0.80~0.612,P<0.05),各种常见症状与生存质量呈负相关(r=-0.175~-0.623,P<0.05).结论 在老年慢性病患者居家护理过程中,须及时采取积极有效护理措施控制或减轻病人症状,且躯体症状护理与心理护理应并重,措施实施与原因排查应同步,主要症状与次要症状要兼顾,以提高其生存质量.  相似文献   
9.
The generation of thrombin-like activity from rat, human, bovine and mouse prothrombin by Echis carinatus venom (ECV) treatment was compared using a partially purified system (i.e. whole ECV and isolated prothrombin). A rapid increase in coagulant activity was obtained within 0.5 to 2 min., being constant upon further incubation for 60 min. A large variation in coagulant activity of the ECV generated thrombin from the four species was found, whereas no differences were found for the amidolytic activities. The coagulant activities of the ECV generated thrombin was also low compared with the corresponding thrombin activities obtained by physiological activation. Coagulant activity of the ECV generated thrombin levelled off at increasing concentration of prothrombin in the sample as measured by the one-stage coagulation assay. By measuring amidolytic activity a linear relationship to the concentration of prothrombin was found, however. These findings indicate that ECV converts prothrombin from the four different species to a thrombin-like protein with properties distinct from -thrombin. The lack of linearity in the ECV generated clot activity with increasing concentration of prothrombin could be explained by assuming a dimerization of the thrombin like protein molecules making them less accessible to fibrinogen. The significance of these observations for the quantification of prothrombin from different species is discussed.  相似文献   
10.
A 5-year-old Iranian fat-tailed sheep was referred to the Veterinary Clinic of Shiraz University in September 2003 with a history of emaciation, fever, decreased appetite, lethargy and cough. Small cutaneous and subcutaneous nodules were palpable, especially under the ribs on both sides of the thorax. Discrete cutaneous plaques and large scabby lesions were also observed. Very large mammary gland lymph nodes were noticed on palpation. Haematological and serum biochemical values were estimated through standard haematological and biochemical techniques. In this case a normocytic–normochromic anaemia, leukocytosis and lymphocytosis were found. The concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, cholesterol and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were higher than the values reported for sheep. Necropsy findings revealed that the lymph nodes were affected in most organs. Malignant lymphoma in the kidney, heart, spleen, mammary glands, liver and bone marrow was observed. The histopathological appearance of the affected tissues varied considerably, depending upon the degree of tumour infiltration. According to the history, clinical signs, laboratory findings, necropsy findings and histopathological examination the case was diagnosed as chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and lymphoma.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号