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ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to test whether optical coherence tomographic (OCT) guidance would provide additional useful information beyond that obtained by angiography and lead to a shift in reperfusion strategy and improved clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with early infarct artery patency.BackgroundAngiography is limited in assessing the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of the culprit lesion.MethodsEROSION III (Optical Coherence Tomography–Guided Reperfusion in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction With Early Infarct Artery Patency) is an open-label, prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled study approved by the ethics committees of participating centers. Patients with STEMI who had angiographic diameter stenosis ≤ 70% and TIMI (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction) flow grade 3 at presentation or after antegrade blood flow restoration were recruited and randomized to either OCT guidance or angiographic guidance. The primary efficacy endpoint was the rate of stent implantation.ResultsAmong 246 randomized patients, 226 (91.9%) constituted the per protocol set (112 with OCT guidance and 114 with angiographic guidance). The median diameter stenosis was 54.0% (IQR: 48.0%-61.0%) in the OCT guidance group and 53.5% (IQR: 43.8%-64.0%) in the angiographic guidance group (P = 0.57) before randomization. Stent implantation was performed in 49 of 112 patients (43.8%) in the OCT group and 67 of 114 patients (58.8%) in the angiographic group (P = 0.024), demonstrating a 15% reduction in stent implantation with OCT guidance. In patients treated with stent implantation, OCT guidance was associated with a favorable result with lower residual angiographic diameter stenosis (8.7% ± 3.7% vs 11.8% ± 4.6% in the angiographic guidance group; P < 0.001). Two patients (1 cardiac death, 1 stable angina) met the primary safety endpoint in the OCT guidance group, as did 3 patients (3 cardiac deaths) in the angiographic guidance group (1.8% vs 2.6%; P = 0.67). Reinfarction was not observed in either group. At 1 year, the rates of predefined cardiocerebrovascular events were comparable between the groups (11.6% after OCT guidance vs 9.6% after angiographic guidance; P = 0.66).ConclusionsIn patients with STEMI with early infarct artery patency, OCT guidance compared with angiographic guidance of reperfusion was associated with less stent implantation during primary percutaneous coronary intervention. These favorable results indicate the value of OCT imaging in optimizing the reperfusion strategy of patients with STEMI. (EROSION III: OCT- vs Angio-Based Reperfusion Strategy for STEMI; NCT03571269)  相似文献   
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目的:探讨上消化道出血患者急性应激障碍的影响因素。方法:运用病例对照研究法,选取天津市第五中心医院消化内科同期住院的270例患者为研究对象。通过斯坦福急性应激反应问卷(SASRQ)的调查,将发生急性应激障碍(ASD)的144例患者作为病例组,将未发生ASD的126例患者作为对照组。由专业人员对研究对象进行SASRQ、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)和疼痛视觉模拟评分尺(VAS)和一般资料的调查。比较病例组与对照组之间上述指标的差异。对ASD的影响因素进行Logistic 回归分析。结果:与对照组相比,病例组性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、主要照顾者关系、出血量、出血次数、出血诱因、疼痛程度、是否伴有其他症状、睡眠质量、是否恐惧是导致上消化道出血患者发生ASD的重要影响因素;多因素Logistic回归分析显示:性别(OR=0.435,95%CI:0.202~0.938)、文化程度(OR=0.573,95%CI:0.419~0.784)、出血诱因(OR=0.014,95%CI:0.000~0.410)、疼痛程度(OR=0.442,95%CI:0.221~0.886)、睡眠质量(OR=0.531,95%CI:0.379~0.744)为ASD的保护因素,年龄(OR=1.861,95%CI:1.119~3.095)、主要照顾者(OR=1.871,95%CI:1.172~2.987)、是否伴有其他症状(OR=33.219,95%CI:6.069~81.383)是ASD的危险因素。结论:年龄、主要照顾者关系、是否伴有其他症状是导致上消化道出血患者发生ASD的重要危险因素。  相似文献   
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目的 考察注射用丹参多酚酸(SAFI)对脑缺血大鼠急性期用药的可行性,明确大鼠脑缺血再灌注后脑血流的变化及其与远期运动功能恢复之间的相关性。方法 将Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组及SAFI (21 mg·kg-1)组。SAFI组根据不同给药时机又分为3个亚组,分别是再灌后立即给药组(SAFI 0周)、再灌后1周给药组(SAFI 1周)、再灌后2周给药组(SAFI 2周),每组每天给药1次,连续ip 7 d,为保持一致性,其余时间均ip生理盐水,假手术组及模型组分别ip等量生理盐水。采用线栓法构建大鼠脑缺血再灌注模型,假手术组仅分离血管。通过观测大鼠一般状态、评估大鼠神经功能和脑梗死体积百分比考察SAFI急性期给药的药效作用;利用激光多普勒技术检测大鼠局部脑血流量(rCBF);通过转棒实验和步态实验分析大鼠的运动能力;通过Pearson相关性分析方法评估不同时间点的脑血流变化与远期运动功能恢复之间的相关性。结果 与模型组比较,SAFI 0周组大鼠的神经功能评分显著降低(P<0.01),脑梗死体积百分比显著降低(P<0.01),rCBF显著提升(P<0.05、0.01),死亡率明显下降;与模型组比较,SAFI 0周组大鼠在转棒仪上跌落潜伏期显著增加(P<0.05、0.01),SAFI 0周组大鼠在步态仪上运动速度显著增加(P<0.01),四肢的摆动时间、站立时间和步态周期显著下降(P<0.05、0.01),四肢(除左后肢外)的步幅显著增加(P<0.05、0.01)。与SAFI 1、2周组比较,SAFI 0周组脑梗死体积百分比显著降低(P<0.01),死亡率降低,rCBF显著升高(P<0.05、0.01),明显促进了神经行为学功能及运动功能的恢复。Pearson相关性分析结果表明脑缺血再灌注损伤后早期的脑血流恢复与远期运动功能呈线性相关。结论 SAFI在缺血急性期给药具有一定的可行性;脑缺血后梗死周边区域血流恢复对远期运动功能的恢复至关重要。  相似文献   
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BackgroundIschemia reperfusion (I/R) play an imperative role in the expansion of cardiovascular disease. Sinomenine (SM) has been exhibited to possess antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral and anticarcinogenic properties. The aim of the study was scrutinized the cardioprotective effect of SM against I/R injury in rat.MethodsRat were randomly divided into normal control (NC), I/R control and I/R + SM (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg), respectively. Ventricular arrhythmias, body weight and heart weight were estimated. Antioxidant, inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators and plasmin system indicator were accessed.ResultsPre-treated SM group rats exhibited the reduction in the duration and incidence of ventricular fibrillation, ventricular ectopic beat (VEB) and ventricular tachycardia along with suppression of arrhythmia score during the ischemia (30 and 120 min). SM treated rats significantly (P < 0.001) altered the level of antioxidant parameters. SM treatment significantly (P < 0.001) repressed the level of creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), creatine kinase (CK) and troponin I (Tnl). SM treated rats significantly (P < 0.001) repressed the tissue factor (TF), thromboxane B2 (TXB2), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) and plasma fibrinogen (Fbg) and inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators.ConclusionOur result clearly indicated that SM plays anti-arrhythmia effect in I/R injury in the rats via alteration of oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction.  相似文献   
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《Vaccine》2022,40(52):7604-7612
Background and ObjectiveVaccine uptake during pregnancy remains low. Our objectives were to describe 1) development and adaptation of a clinician communication training intervention for maternal immunizations and 2) obstetrics and gynecology (ob-gyn) clinician and staff perspectives on the intervention and fit for the prenatal care context.MethodsDesign of the Motivational Interviewing for Maternal Immunizations (MI4MI) intervention was based on similar communication training interventions for pediatric settings and included presumptive initiation of vaccine recommendations (“You’re due for two vaccines today”) combined with motivational interviewing (MI) for hesitant patients. Interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with ob-gyn clinicians and staff in five Colorado clinics including settings with obstetric physicians, certified nurse midwives (CNMs), and clinician-trainees. Participants were asked about adapting training to the ob-gyn setting and their implementation experiences. Feedback was incorporated through iterative changes to training components.ResultsInterview and focus group discussion results from participants before (n = 3), during (n = 11) and after (n = 25) implementation guided intervention development and adaptation. Three virtual, asynchronous training components were created: a video and two interactive modules. This virtual format was favored due to challenges attending group meetings; however, participants noted opportunities to practice skills through role-play were lacking. Training modules were adapted to include common challenging vaccine conversations and live-action videos. Participants liked interactive training components and use of adult learning strategies. Some participants initially resisted the presumptive approach but later found it useful after applying it in their practices. Overall, participants reported that MI4MI training fit well with the prenatal context and recommended more inclusion of non-clinician staff.ConclusionsMI4MI training was viewed as relevant and useful for ob-gyn clinicians and staff. Suggestions included making training more interactive, and including more complex scenarios and non-clinician staff.  相似文献   
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