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1.
IntroductionOur aim was to describe practices in multimodal pain management at US children's hospitals and evaluate the association between non-opioid pain management strategies and pediatric patient-reported outcomes (PROs).MethodsData were collected as part of the 18-hospital ENhanced Recovery In CHildren Undergoing Surgery (ENRICH-US) clinical trial. Non-opioid pain management strategies included use of preoperative and postoperative non-opioid analgesics, regional anesthetic blocks, and a biobehavioral intervention. PROs included perioperative nervousness, pain-related functional disability, health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Associations were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression models.ResultsAmong 186 patients, 62 (33%) received preoperative analgesics, 186 (100%) postoperative analgesics, 81 (44%) regional anesthetic block, and 135 (73%) used a biobehavioral intervention. Patients were less likely to report worsened as compared to stable nervousness following regional anesthetic block (relative risk ratio [RRR]:0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.11–0.85), use of a biobehavioral technique (RRR:0.26, 95% CI:0.10–0.70), and both in combination (RRR:0.08, 95% CI:0.02–0.34). There were no associations of non-opioid pain control modalities with pain-related functional disability or HRQoL.ConclusionUse of postoperative non-opioid analgesics have been largely adopted, while preoperative non-opioid analgesics and regional anesthetic blocks are used less frequently. Regional anesthetic blocks and biobehavioral interventions may mitigate postoperative nervousness in children.Level of evidenceIII.  相似文献   
2.
目的:观察推拿手法联合腰椎牵引治疗腰椎间盘突出症急性发作期患者的效果。方法:选取90例腰椎间盘突出症急性发作期患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各45例。对照组采用腰椎牵引治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合推拿治疗,两组均治疗4周。比较两组治疗前后视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、腰椎功能[日本骨科协会评估治疗分数(JOA)]评分、腰椎活动度、炎性因子[白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]水平和治疗总有效率。结果:治疗后,两组VAS评分均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,两组JOA评分均高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组腰椎前屈、后伸、左弯、右弯角度均大于治疗前,且观察组大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗总有效率为95.56%,高于对照组的82.22%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6水平均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:推拿手法联合腰椎牵引治疗腰椎间盘突出症急性发作期患者可提高治疗总有效率、JOA评分,改善腰椎活动度,降低疼痛评分和炎性因子水平,优于单纯腰椎牵引治疗效果。  相似文献   
3.
[摘要] 目的 探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19)无症状感染者的临床和免疫学特征。方法 选取2020年1月22日—6月22日石家庄市第五医院收治的59例COVID-19患者作为研究对象,分析不同疾病分期患者的临床资料。利用流式细胞术检测患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群计数,Procarta Plex多细胞因子检测系统检测外周血25种细胞因子和9种趋化因子水平。结果 59例COVID-19患者中,无症状感染组28例(47.5%)、轻型组6例(10.2%)、普通型组19例(32.2%),重型/危重型组6例(10.2%)。无症状感染组中位年龄为23.0(19.3,34.8)岁,显著低于普通型组的35.0(24.0,52.0)岁和重型/危重型组的64.5(52.0,68.3)岁(P均<0.05)。无症状感染组患者较少患有基础疾病,均无症状、体征和胸部CT变化,其外周血CD3+ T细胞、CD4+ T细胞、CD8+ T细胞计数均显著高于重型/危重型组(P均<0.05),同时CD4+ T细胞计数显著高于普通型组(P<0.05)。14例无症状感染组患者治疗前与治疗后CD3+ T细胞、CD4+ T细胞和CD8+ T细胞计数比较,差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。14例无症状感染组患者治疗前后CD4+ T细胞计数的变化幅度均显著低于普通型组、重型/危重型组(P均<0.05)。无症状感染组外周血可检测到11种细胞因子和趋化因子,其中IL-7水平显著高于对照组, IP-10水平均显著低于普通型组、重型/危重型组,差异均具有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论 COVID-19无症状感染者以青年为主,但未发现与性别因素相关。随着COVID-19病情进展,普通型、重型/危重型患者外周血T细胞亚群计数降低,而细胞因子和趋化因子水平升高,但上述指标在无症状感染者中未见显著改变。  相似文献   
4.
目的 利用项目反应理论(item response theory,IRT)对《中国版职业紧张核心量表》质量进行分析与评价,为后期量表使用和修订提供参考依据。方法 采用方便抽样方法,抽取湖北省两家三甲医院和多家一、二级医院共1261名医务人员作为研究对象,应用《中国版职业紧张核心量表》调查其职业紧张情况。采用主成分分析验证量表4个维度的单维性。采用IRT中的Same Jima等级反应模型计算每个条目的区分度、难度系数和信息量,从微观角度评价量表的测量特性。结果 量表4个维度均满足单维性假设。IRT结果显示所有条目的区分度较好,取值范围在0.67~3.10;17个条目中有13个条目的难度系数在-2.78~2.30之间,且不存在难度逆反现象,条目9和11难度过高且难度逆反,条目15和16难度过低过高并存且有难度逆反现象,提示待改进;除了条目9、11和15提供的信息量中等,条目16和17提供的信息量较差以外,其余条目的信息量均较好。结论 《中国版职业紧张核心量表》所有条目的区分度较好。从难度系数和信息量两个角度,条目9、11、15、16、17的测验质量均是有待改进的,其余条目性能良好,建议针对上述分析结果结合专家意见对问题条目进行修订。  相似文献   
5.
目的观察利多卡因联合庆大霉素含漱对小儿鼾症术后疼痛及8-异构前列腺素(8-iso-PG)、锰超氧化物歧化酶(MnSOD)水平的影响。方法前瞻性选取阜阳市人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科于2019年3月至2020年3月收治的小儿鼾症患者100例,所有患者均择期在气管插管麻醉下行扁桃体和(或)腺样体切除术治疗。根据奇偶数分组法分为两组,其中对照组50例术后给予冰袋冰敷等常规处理,同时联合0.9%氯化钠溶液含漱作为安慰剂,观察组50例术后在常规处理基础上给予利多卡因联合庆大霉素含漱。记录两组术后疼痛程度、咽部黏膜消肿时间、首次进流食时间、住院时间和并发症情况,检测两组8-iso-PG、MnSOD的水平。结果观察组术后24、48、72 h时的疼痛视觉模拟(VAS)评分分别为(4.12±0.54)、(3.24±0.43)、(2.32±0.34)分,均明显低于对照组[(5.08±0.51)、(4.18±0.47)、(3.51±0.42)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组咽部黏膜消肿时间、首次进流食时间、住院时间为(28.89±3.64)h、(4.91±0.86)d、(5.04±0.91)d,均短于对照组[(33.05±4.51)h、(5.85±1.04)d、(5.91±1.13)d],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后72 h,观察组8-iso-PG为(107.25±16.42)ng/L,显著低于对照组[(121.33±18.56)ng/L],MnSOD为(6.58±1.21)U/mL,显著高于对照组[(6.04±1.14)U/mL],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后发热和总并发症的发生率分别为4.00%和6.00%,低于对照组(16.00%、28.00%),但总出血、饮水反流、感染的发生率与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论利多卡因联合庆大霉素含漱可有效减轻小儿鼾症术后的疼痛程度,减轻机体应激反应,促进术后康复,且可降低并发症的发生。  相似文献   
6.
《Vaccine》2022,40(30):4038-4045
PurposeAs protection from COVID-19 following two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine showed a time dependent waning, a third (booster) dose was administrated. This study aims to compare the antibody response following the third dose versus the second and to evaluate post-booster seroconversion.MethodsA prospective observational study conducted in Maccabi Healthcare Services. Serial SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgG tests, 1,2,3 and 6 months following the second vaccine dose and one month following the third were obtained. Neutralizing antibody levels were measured in a subset of participants. Per individual SARS-CoV-2 Spike IgG titer ratios were calculated one month after the booster administration compared to titers one month following the second dose and prior to booster.ResultsAmong 110 participants, 56 (51%) were women. Mean age was 61.7 ± 1.9 years and 66 (60%) were immunocompromised. One month after third dose, IgG titers were induced 7.83 (95 %CI 5.25–11.67) folds and 2.40 (95 %CI 1.90–3.03) folds compared to one month after the second, in the immunocompromised and immunocompetent groups, respectively. Of the 17 immunocompromised participants who were seronegative after the second dose, 4 (24%) became seropositive following the third. Comparing the titers prior to the third dose, an increase of 50.7 (95 %CI 32.5–79.1) fold in the immunocompromised group and 25.7 (95 %CI 19.1–34.7) fold in and immunocompetent group, was observed.ConclusionA third BNT162b2 vaccine elicited robust humoral response, superior to the response observed following the second, among immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals.  相似文献   
7.
Objective: We aim to describe the sTIL profiles of Indonesian breast cancer patient and its role in predicting neoadjuvant chemotherapy response. Method: This retrospective cohort study used secondary data from the archive of Anatomic Pathology Department FMUI/CMH. We did total sampling of 62 cases of locally advanced breast cancer cases that were biopsied, had neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and operated on from 2015 to 2020. We collected the clinicopathological data of each sample, measured the sTIL intensity in the biopsy specimen and evaluated the chemotherapy response from the mastectomy specimen using residual cancer burden (RCB) scoring method. Multivariate linear regression determined the independent predictors of RCB score. Result: There were 62 female patients, 45.2% were Luminal-HER2-, 43.5% were HER2+, and 11.3% were triple negative (TN). Most sTIL intensity (59.7%) were low (median 10%; 1%-60%). Moderate-high sTIL intensity was associated with HER2+ type, while low sTIL was with luminal-HER2- (p=0.038). Only 8.1% patients achieved pCR. Statistically different median sTIL intensity in minimal, moderate, and extensive burden group were 28%, 20%, and 8%, respectively (p=0.002). sTIL was an independent predictor for better response (lower RCB score), which were 0.07 (95% CI 0.04-0.09) lower for every 1% increase in sTIL intensity.Conclusion: sTIL intensity was mostly low in Indonesian breast cancer patient. However, it can predict neoadjuvant chemotherapy response, with 0.07 lower RCB score for every 1% increase of sTIL intensity.  相似文献   
8.
《Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal》2022,30(10):1486-1496
IntroductionPreclinical studies have demonstrated the possible anticancer effects of statins, but the synergistic effect of concomitant statin use with standard chemotherapy protocols in patients with breast cancer has not yet been investigated.AimThe current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of concomitant pitavastatin use with neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocols in patients with breast cancer.MethodsThis study was a randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 70 adult female patients with pathologically-proven invasive breast cancer were randomized to receive or not receive pitavastatin (2 mg) oral tablets once daily concomitantly with standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocols for 6 months. The primary outcomes of this study were changes in tumor size and changes to the Ki67 index. In addition, secondary outcomes were changes in cyclin D1 and cleaved caspase-3 serum levels. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT04705909).ResultsPatients in the pitavastatin group showed significantly higher median (IQR) reductions in tumor size [?19.8 (?41.5, 9.5)] compared to those in the control group [?5.0 (?15.5, 0.0), p = 0.0009]. The change in Ki67 from baseline to the end of therapy was similar between the two groups (p = 0.12). By the end of therapy, the cyclin D1 levels in the pitavastatin group were significantly decreased [median (IQR) change of ? 10.0 (?20.2, ?2.9) from baseline], whereas the control group showed an increase in cyclin D1 levels [14.8 (4.1, 56.4)]. The median (IQR) caspase?3 was elevated in the pitavastatin group 1.6 (0.2, 2.2), and decreased in the control group (?0.2 (?1.1, 0.0), p = 0.0002).Subgroup analysis of the pitavastatin group revealed that patients with positive human epidermal growth receptor 2 (HER2) had higher median (IQR) reductions in Ki67 [?35.0 (?70.0, ?12.5)] than those with negative HER2 [2.5 (?15.0, 10.0), p = 0.04]. All patients who achieved a complete pathological response (n = 9) exhibited an HER2-neu positive receptor at baseline.ConclusionConcomitant use of pitavastatin with standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocols may improve neoadjuvant chemotherapy responses in patients with breast cancer.  相似文献   
9.
10.
Inflammatory bowel disease-related colorectal cancer (IBD-CRC) is one of the most serious complications of IBD contributing to significant mortality in this cohort of patients. IBD is often associated with diet and lifestyle-related gut microbial dysbiosis, the interaction of genetic and environmental factors, leading to chronic gut inflammation. According to the “common ground hypothesis”, microbial dysbiosis and intestinal barrier impairment are at the core of the chronic inflammatory process associated with IBD-CRC. Among the many underlying factors known to increase the risk of IBD-CRC, perhaps the most important factor is chronic persistent inflammation. The persistent inflammation in the colon results in increased proliferation of cells necessary for repair but this also increases the risk of dysplastic changes due to chromosomal and microsatellite instability. Multiple pathways have been identified, regulated by many positive and negative factors involved in the development of cancer, which in this case follows the ‘inflammation-dysplasia-carcinoma’ sequence. Strategies to lower this risk are extremely important to reduce morbidity and mortality due to IBD-CRC, among which colonoscopic surveillance is the most widely accepted and implemented modality, forming part of many national and international guidelines. However, the effectiveness of surveillance in IBD has been a topic of much debate in recent years for multiple reasons — cost-benefit to health systems, resource requirements, and also because of studies showing conflicting long-term data. Our review provides a comprehensive overview of past, present, and future perspectives of IBD-CRC. We explore and analyse evidence from studies over decades and current best practices followed globally. In the future directions section, we cover emerging novel endoscopic techniques and artificial intelligence that could play an important role in managing the risk of IBD-CRC.  相似文献   
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