淫羊藿（苷）对男性生殖系统的作用和机制

淫羊藿是一种常用的中药材,淫羊藿苷是从淫羊藿中提取的一种黄酮类化合物,也是淫羊藿中最主要的活性物质。研究发现,淫羊藿苷具有促进成骨细胞的生成和活化、调节免疫、抗衰老和抗炎等多种功能。临床上淫羊藿（苷）用于治疗生殖系统、骨关节系统、呼吸系统、神经系统、心血管系统和免疫系统等多种疾病。淫羊藿（苷）对男性生殖系统的作用及机制主要包括具有雄性激素样作用,促进睾内睾酮的合成和分泌。淫羊藿（苷）通过改善精子发生的微环境、增强睾丸抗氧化作用促进精子生成,增加精子密度,改善精子活力,减缓生殖衰退。此外,淫羊藿（苷）可促进阴茎勃起,治疗勃起功能障碍及早泄。     

补肾活血汤对小卵泡排卵不孕症患者卵泡发育、卵巢动脉血流的影响

目的:观察补肾活血汤对小卵泡排卵(SFO)不孕症患者卵泡发育、卵巢动脉血流的影响。方法:将80例SFO不孕症患者随机分为两组,对照组40例接受枸橼酸氯米芬口服治疗,观察组40例,在对照组基础上加用补肾活血汤治疗,两组均治疗3个月经周期。统计两组临床疗效,并比较两组最大卵泡平均直径、子宫内膜厚度、成熟卵泡排卵率、未破裂卵泡黄素化综合征(LUFS)、妊娠率、早期自然流产率、性激素与卵巢动脉血流。结果:观察组治疗的临床总有效率为82.50%,明显高于对照组的62.50%(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组治疗后最大卵泡平均直径、子宫内膜厚度均明显增加(P<0.05),且治疗后观察组以上指标均高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组成熟卵泡排卵率和妊娠率高于对照组(P<0.05),LUFS发生率、早期自然流产率低于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗后两组血清LH、E₂水平、卵巢动脉PSV、EDV均明显增加(P<0.05),血清FSH、RI均明显降低(P<0.05),且治疗后观察组上述指标均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:补肾活血汤可明显促进SFO不孕症患者卵泡发育,增加成熟卵泡排卵率与妊娠率,并改善性激素与卵巢动脉血流循环。     

Effectiveness of acupuncture on pregnancy success rates for women undergoing in vitro fertilization: A randomized controlled trial

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of acupuncture on pregnancy success rates applied before and after embryo transfer (ET) among women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF).Materials and methodsIn this randomized controlled trial, 72 infertile women undergoing IVF were randomized to acupuncture (AG; n = 36) and control group (CG; n = 36). Three sessions of acupuncture were applied to AG, the first was one week before ET, the second was 30 min before ET, and the third was 30 min after ET. CG received no acupuncture. The primary outcome was pregnancy success rate (Beta-HCG level, clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, live birth). Secondary outcome was anxiety level (STAI-1 state anxiety scale). Beta-HCG levels were assessed for conception 12 days after ET. Additionally, STAI-1 state anxiety scale was administered 30 min before and after ET to measure anxiety levels in both groups.ResultsThe mean age was 30.9 ± 3.7 years. Positive Beta HCG was detected in 63.9% (n = 23) of the AG and 33.3% (n = 12) of CG (p = 0.009). Clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and live birth rates were higher in AG (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the groups concerning anxiety scores before ET (p > 0.05). The mean STAI-1 score was decreasing from 57.3 ± 9.8 to 28.8 ± 3.3 in AG, while it was decreasing from 57.0 ± 8.0 to 41,1 ± 6,8 in CG after ET (p < 0.000).ConclusionsIt was observed that three sessions of acupuncture before and after ET significantly increased the pregnancy rates in women with unexplained infertility. It was also found that acupuncture significantly reduced anxiety levels that occurred before ET.     

腹针联合脐疗对黄体功能低下型不孕症患者子宫内膜容受性的影响

目的:探讨腹针联合脐疗对黄体功能低下型不孕症患者子宫内膜容受性的影响,旨在为临床治疗提供有力参考。方法:选择黄体功能低下型不孕症患者140例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组各70例。两组均给予常规黄体酮治疗,在此基础上,对照组给予黄体酮联合腹针治疗,观察组在对照组治疗基础上联合脐疗治疗。对比治疗前、治疗3个月经周期后两组证候总积分、子宫内膜厚度、子宫内膜血流参数[阻力指数(RI)、搏动指数(PI)]、黄体中期激素[雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)]及妊娠率。结果:治疗后,与对照组相比,观察组证候总积分较低,子宫内膜厚度较高,PI、RI指数较低,E2、P水平均较高,妊娠成功率较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:将腹针与脐疗联合用于黄体功能低下型不孕症患者治疗中,能够有效缓解患者临床症状,提高黄体中期雌孕激素水平,改善黄体中期血流灌注,促进子宫内膜增长,从而提高子宫内膜容受性,提高临床妊娠成功率。     

浅谈肝俞龙虎交战针法为主治疗排卵障碍性不孕

结合中医理论及外界影响因素分析认为,排卵障碍性不孕以"肝气郁结、疏泄失调"为病机,治则立"疏肝解郁、调畅气机"为大法,探讨治疗该病选用肝俞施用龙虎交战针法的理论依据。为针灸治疗排卵障碍性不孕提供新的思路及方法,同时也体现了古典针法创新性的运用。     

“调任通督针刺法”联合通元针法治疗多囊卵巢综合征不孕的疗效及对FSH、LH、E2和T水平影响

目的:探讨“调任通督针刺法”联合通元针法治疗多囊卵巢综合征不孕的疗效及对FSH、LH、E2和T水平影响。方法:选取我院收治的多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者85例,按照随机分配原则分为对照组(43例)与治疗组(42例)。对照组给予通元针法,治疗组在对照组基础上给予“调任通督针刺法”,对比治疗后的临床疗效、子宫内膜厚度、卵泡发育和排卵情况、临床妊娠率和生化妊娠率、胰岛素抵抗指数及FSH、LH、E2和T水平。结果:经过治疗后,治疗组总有效率较高(P<0.05);治疗组患者成熟卵泡排卵、子宫内膜厚度改善情况及卵泡发育改善发生率显著优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组患者临床妊娠率和生化妊娠率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者胰岛素抵抗指数均显著降低(P<0.05),且治疗组降低程度较大(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后FSH、LH、E2和T水平显著降低(P<0.05);且治疗组降低程度较大(P<0.05)。结论:采用“调任通督针刺法”联合通元针法治疗PCOS不孕症具有较好的临床疗效,能够降低FSH、LH、E2和T水平,值得在临床上推广应用。     

针刺配合滋肾填精方对子宫内膜薄性不孕症的影响

目的观察针刺配合滋肾填精方对子宫内膜薄性不孕症患者的影响。方法选取60例肾阴虚型子宫内膜薄性不孕症患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例。治疗组给予针刺配合滋肾填精方治疗,对照组给予戊酸雌二醇片治疗。观察卵泡发育成熟时内膜厚度、子宫内膜螺旋动脉搏动指数和阻力指数以及妊娠率。疗程为3个月经周期。结果两组治疗后患者子宫内膜厚度较治疗前均有增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗组子宫内膜较对照组明显增厚,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组治疗后卵泡成熟时子宫内膜螺旋动脉血流参数PI、RI均降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组治疗后卵泡成熟时子宫内膜螺旋动脉血流参数PI、RI均降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组子宫内膜螺旋动脉血流参数PI、RI较对照组明显降低,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组妊娠率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗过程中,治疗组无不良反应发生,对照组3例出现乳房胀痛,2例出现阴道少量出血,5例出现消化道不良反应。结论针刺配合滋肾填精方治疗子宫内膜薄性不孕症,可促进子宫内膜增长,改善子宫内膜血流,改善子宫内膜容受性,疗效确切,无不良反应,提高临床妊娠率。     

Investigation of soluble anti-Müllerian hormone receptor type 2 as a biomarker for diagnosis of female fertility disorders

Research questionThe ectodomain of the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) type 2 receptor is shed by proteases under certain conditions, which makes it measurable in the blood. The aim of this study was to identify correlations of soluble anti-Müllerian hormone receptor type 2 (sAMHR2) with other sex hormone concentrations and to assess whether sAMHR2 may serve as a new biomarker in fertility disorders.DesignIn a retrospective cross-sectional study of women (n = 186) with different gynaecological–endocrinological disorders, mixed-effect models were used to analyse the correlation with established diagnostic hormone tests. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic performance.ResultsThere was a strong correlation of sAMHR2 with LH (r = 0.898) and FSH (r = 0.846) and a moderate correlation of AMH with testosterone (r = 0.666) and androstenedione (r = 0.696) (all P < 0.001). In diagnoses of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), AMH showed the best performance (area under the curve [AUC] 0.981, cut-off 4 ng/ml) with 96% sensitivity and 94% specificity. sAMHR2 concentrations and sAMHR2/AMH ratios were elevated in women with ovarian insufficiency, compared with all other study groups, including post-menopausal women on hormone replacement therapy. Highest sensitivity and specificity (100% and 98.2%, respectively) were achieved with sAMHR2/AMH ratio for the diagnosis of post-menopausal status (cut-off 68.85). The sAMHR2/AMH ratio (AUC 0.997) had a better performance than sAMHR2 (AUC 0.947), FSH (AUC 0.989) and LH (AUC 0.967).ConclusionsThe sAMHR2/AMH ratio may serve as a useful biomarker for infertility diagnostics to identify post-menopausal women.     

改良双腔球囊导管在插管失败的输卵管阻塞介入再通术中的应用价值

目的探讨改良双腔球囊导管在插管失败的输卵管阻塞介入再通术中的应用价值。方法回顾45例输卵管阻塞性不孕患者,应用常规法行介入再通术,其中输卵管开口插管失败采用改良双腔球囊导管行介入再通,统计分析常规法组与联合改良双腔球囊导管法组(联合法组)的输卵管开口插管成功率、输卵管阻塞的开通率。结果输卵管阻塞性不孕患者45例,共阻塞输卵管90条,采用常规法输卵管开口插管成功32条,其中开通成功31条,插管成功率为35.56%,开通率96.88%。采用联合法输卵管开口插管成功90条,输卵管开通83条,插管成功率为100%,开通率92.22%,7条输卵管因阻塞病情严重无法开通,其中双侧均未能开通1例。所有患者术中均无严重并发症发生。随访12个月,妊娠率48.65%。常规法组与联合法组输卵管开口插管成功率差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=85.574,P=0.000),而输卵管开通率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.248,P=0.619)。结论对于常规法输卵管开口插管失败者,采用联合改良双腔球囊导管可提高输卵管开口插管成功率。采用改良双腔球囊导管介入再通与常规法开通效果相当,可作为常规介入再通输卵管开口插管失败的备选方案。