miR-29a靶向调控CLDN1抑制肝癌细胞增殖的实验研究

目的:探讨miR-29a在肝癌组织中的表达水平，及其对人肝癌细胞增殖能力的影响。方法:通过RT-PCR测定肝癌组织及非肝癌组织中miR-29a的表达水平；将携带miR-29a的脂质体miR-29a mimic、空载体miR-NC以及miR-29a抑制剂anti-miR-29a转染入肝癌细胞系HepG2和HLE，通过RT-PCR方法检测miR-29a对肝癌细胞系HepG2、HLE增殖能力影响；通过Targetscan软件预测miR-29a靶基因，采用Western blot及荧光素酶实验验证。结果:与非肝癌组织比较，miR-29a在肝癌组织中表达下调，MTT实验提示:miR-29a高表达组肝癌细胞增殖能力较弱，miR-29a低表达组肝癌细胞增殖能力提高。Targetscan软件提示:CLDN1可能为miR-29a靶基因，Western blot及荧光素酶实验提示:与阴性对照组相比，miR-29a高表达组内CLDN1表达下降，相反miR-29a低表达组内CLDN1表达增加。结论:miR-29a在肝癌细胞及组织中表达下调，并且可能通过调控CLDN1影响肝癌细胞增殖能力。     

The role of lncRNA MSC-AS1/miR-29b-3p axis-mediated CDK14 modulation in pancreatic cancer proliferation and Gemcitabine-induced apoptosis

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related death due to the failure of traditional therapies. In the present study, we attempted to construct a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network which may modulate PDAC cell proliferation and Gemcitabine-induced cell apoptosis starting from CDK14, a new member of the CDK family and an oncogene in many cancers. Based on TCGA data, a significant positive correlation was observed between lncRNA MSC-AS1 and CDK14. Moreover, MSC-AS1 expression was upregulated in PDAC tissues. Higher MSC-AS1 expression was correlated with poorer prognosis in patients with PDAC. MSC-AS1 knockdown in Panc-1 and BxPC-3 cells significantly inhibited the cell proliferation. Moreover, miR-29b-3p, which has been reported to act as a tumor suppressor, was predicted to bind to both MSC-AS1 and CDK14. Contrary to MSC-AS1, higher miR-29b-3p expression was correlated to better prognosis in patients with PDAC. In both PDAC cell lines, miR-29b-3p negatively regulated MSC-AS1 and CDK14. As confirmed using luciferase reporter gene and RIP assays, MSC-AS1 served as a ceRNA for miR-29b-3p to counteract miR-29b-mediated CDK14 repression. MSC-AS1 knockdown inhibited CDK14 protein levels and PDAC proliferation and enhanced gemcitabine-induced cell death and apoptosis while miR-29b-3p inhibition exerted an opposing effect; the effect of MSC-AS1 knockdown was partially attenuated by miR-29b-3p inhibition. Taken together, we demonstrated that MSC-AS1/miR-29b-3p axis modulates the cell proliferation and GEM-induced cell apoptosis in PDAC cell lines through CDK14. We provided a novel experimental basis for PDAC treatment from the perspective of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network.     

Screening for musculoskeletal problems in children using a questionnaire

Background

On April 1, 2016, the Ministerial ordinance was enforced, and musculoskeletal examination of the extremities was made mandatory. From 2008, the University of us started musculoskeletal direct examination. To expand the examination, from 2016, we started to use the marksheet-type questionnaire. This study aimed to report the results of a musculoskeletal examination and investigate the association between musculoskeletal examination and age/gender and reports the reliability of the collected questionnaire data.

Efficacy and safety of cold snare polypectomy for sessile serrated polyps ≥ 10 mm: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundCold snare polypectomy (CSP) is a promising technique for the removal of sessile serrated polyps (SSPs) ≥ 10 mm. However, the efficacy and safety of this technique remain undetermined.AimsWe aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of CSP for SSPs ≥ 10 mm.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched up to January 2021.ResultsA total of 10 studies consisting of 1727 SSPs (range, 10–40 mm) from 1021 patients were included. The overall rates of technical success, adverse events (AEs) and residual SSPs were 100%, 0.7% and 2.9%, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the rates of technical success and AEs were comparable between CSP and cold endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) (99.9% vs. 100% and 1.3% vs. 0.5%, respectively), between the proximal and distal colon (100% vs. 99.9% and 0.3% vs. 0, respectively), and between polyps of 10–19 mm and ≥20 mm (99.8% vs. 100% and 0.9% vs. 0, respectively). However, subgroup analysis showed that the rate of residual SSPs was slightly lower in CSP compared with cold EMR (1.3% vs. 3.9%), as well as in polyps of 10–19 mm compared with those ≥20 mm (3.1% vs. 4.7%).ConclusionCSP was an effective and safe technique for removing SSPs ≥ 10 mm.     

Correlation of 3-T MRI and CT findings with patient symptoms and treatment outcome in radiofrequency ablation of osteoid osteoma

ObjectiveThe aim of this prospective study was to evaluate pre- and post-treatment MRI and CT findings of osteoid osteoma (OO) patients treated with radiofrequency thermo-ablation (RFTA) and to compare these findings with visual analog scale (VAS) scores.MethodsSixteen patients (4 females and 12 males; mean age of 18.87 ± 8.75 years (range: 8–37)) with OO were examined with CT and MRI, at baseline and at an average of 3 months following the procedure. On pre- and post-procedural CT and MRIs, OO-related findings were recorded. Treatment success was evaluated with VAS scores.ResultsBaseline VAS scores were 8 or 9 and follow-up scores were 0 or 1, indicating no early recurrences.Nidus diameters decreased significantly after the procedure (p = 0.027, p = 0.002, and p = 0.002; and p = 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.001 for AP, ML and CC nidus diameters for CT and MRI, respectively).The mean nidus volume were significantly decreased after the procedure (p = 0.001, for CT and MRI).On post-procedural images, cortical thickening, the signal intensity and contrast enhancement of the nidus and the extent of periostitis were significantly decreased (p = 0.019, p = 0.001, p = 0.001 and p = 0.034, respectively). There was no significant change in nidus calcification, perinidal cortical and intramedullary sclerosis, periosteal reaction, bone deformity, bone marrow and soft tissue edema, joint effusion and synovitis after the procedure (p = 0.253, p = 0.062, p = 0.245, p = 1, p = 1, p = 0.429, p = 0.371, p = 0.625, p = 1).ConclusionAlthough the changes in imaging findings may be helpful in early follow-up of OO patients treated with RFTA, these changes alone cannot be used with accuracy in predicting treatment response.Level of EvidenceLevel IV, Therapeutic Study.     

Glycine‐modified growth hormone secretagogues identified in seized doping material

A number of unknown pharmaceutical preparations seized by Danish customs authorities were submitted for liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS) analysis. Comparison with reference standards unequivocally identified the content of the powders as analogs of the growth hormone secretagogues GHRP‐2 (Pralmorelin), GHRP‐6, Ipamorelin, and modified growth hormone releasing factor (modified GRF 1–29), which can be used as performance‐enhancing substances in sports. In all cases, the detected modification involved the addition of an extra glycine amino acid at the N‐terminus, and analytical methods targeting growth hormone secretagogues should hence be updated accordingly.     

黄芪多糖对毒胡萝卜素诱导人结肠癌系HT29细胞内质网应激的影响

目的探讨黄芪多糖(Astragalus polysaccharides,AP)对毒胡萝卜素内酯(Thapsigargin,Tg)诱导人结肠癌系HT29细胞发生内质网应激(Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress,ERS)时内质网结构变化及相关分子GRP78和CHOP的影响。方法常规培养HT29细胞后,将细胞分为4组:①空白细胞组(Control组):细胞不做任何药物处理;②细胞模型组(Model组):采用1μmol/L Tg诱导HT29细胞建立ERS模型;③黄芪多糖低浓度组(AP-L组);④黄芪多糖高浓度组(AP-H组)。CCK8法检测黄芪多糖对HT29细胞活性,透射电镜观察内质网结构变化,Real-time PCR法检测ERS时GRP78、CHOP mRNA表达情况。结果黄芪多糖浓度分别为1、10μg/mL,且分别作用HT29细胞12、24、36、48 h时,细胞存活率随着浓度的增加而增加,说明对细胞无明显毒副作用。透射电镜观察Control组内质网结构呈网膜状结构,网膜腔不扩张;Model组内质网形态迥异,大小不一,呈空泡状改变,部分可见融合成簇现象;AP-L组内质网网膜腔扩张程度减轻,空泡体积减小和数量减少;AP-H组内质网形态基本恢复正常,呈网膜状结构,可见数量较少,形态较小的空泡状结构。Real-time PCR法检测结果:与Control组相比,Model组HT29细胞GRP78、CHOP mRNA表达明显增加(P<0.05);与Model组比较,AP-L组和AP-H组HT29细胞GRP78、CHOP mRNA表达均减少(P<0.05);与AP-L组比较,AP-H组HT29细胞GRP78、CHOP mRNA表达减少(P<0.05)。结论黄芪多糖能够抑制Tg诱导HT29细胞发生ERS,其机制可能与降低GRP78和CHOP的表达、减轻内质网应激有关。