多年生乌拉尔甘草复合丛枝菌根真菌接种效应研究

目的:探究2种丛枝菌根真菌复合与独立接种对田间栽培多年生乌拉尔甘草生长与有效成分积累的长短期效应。方法:选取摩西斗管囊霉Funneliformis mosseae与根内根孢囊霉Rhiaophagus intraradices 2种丛枝菌根真菌菌种,在大田条件下对乌拉尔甘草进行单菌种与复合菌种接种处理,分别于栽培的第1年和第2年采集乌拉尔甘草样品,分析其形态指标和有效成分甘草酸、甘草苷含量。结果:田间试验结果表明,复合接种和摩西斗管囊霉单接种均对乌拉尔甘草中甘草酸与甘草苷含量有提升作用,其中复合接种提升效果最为显著,其次为摩西斗管囊霉单接种,根内根孢囊霉单接种处理无显著提升作用。接种处理组乌拉尔甘草种苗的生长指标与对照组差异无统计学意义。接种丛枝菌根真菌显著提高了甘草苷含量与甘草酸含量的比值,接种组甘草苷、甘草酸的积累速率呈显著正相关且与对照组有明显差异。结论:揭示了大田条件下复合丛枝菌根真菌接种的长期效应,发现摩西斗管囊霉与根内根孢囊霉复合接种可以提高大田栽培乌拉尔甘草的品质,并对甘草苷与甘草酸的含量比例有调节作用,为人工栽培乌拉尔甘草过程中丛枝菌根真菌利用提供参考。     

The plasma membrane H+-ATPase gene family in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae

 To identify genes that encode plasma membrane H⁺-ATPases in the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae two sets of degenerate primers matching highly conserved motifs present in all plant and fungal ATPases were designed. Nested PCR-amplification of G. mosseae genomic DNA using the designed degenerate primers was carried out. Sequence analysis of the cloned PCR products identified five different clones (GmHA1, GmHA2, GmHA3, GmHA4 and GmHA5) encoding putative plasma membrane H⁺-ATPases. Comparison of the deduced amino-acid sequences of GmHA1–GmHA5 indicate that GmHA1, GmHA3 and GmHA4 are highly identical, while GmHA2 and GmHA5 are more divergent. The evolutionary and functional significance of the divergence found among the different members of the H⁺-ATPase gene family in G. mosseae is discussed. Received: 13 August / 24 October 1999