2型糖尿病合并高血压与血清某些元素的相关性分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病(Type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)合并高血压发病与血清各元素水平的相关性,为控制T2DM病情提供更科学、更合理的依据。方法选取2015年3月至2016年5月乌鲁木齐市某三甲医院住院的1024例T2DM患者,将T2DM患者按照有无合并高血压分为T2DM合并高血压组和T2DM无合并高血压组,分析两组患者血清中的各元素水平及其与T2DM合并高血压发病之间的相关性。结果1024例T2DM患者中,627例合并高血压,占61.20%;397例患者无高血压,占38.80%;T2DM合并高血压组和T2DM无合并高血压组血清钠、镁水平之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血清钠、镁水平与T2DM合并高血压正相关(P<0.05);血清钠水平的升高,血清镁水平的下降为T2DM合并高血压发病的相关因素。结论血清钠、镁水平与T2DM合并高血压发病呈正相关。血清钠水平的升高、镁水平的下降为T2DM合并高血压发病的相关因素。提示患者血清中各元素水平的差异在糖尿病病变的发生发展中具有一定的作用。     

Lithium disturbs homeostasis of essential microelements in erythrocytes of rats: Selenium as a protective agent?

Background

Selenium is an essential element which shows protective properties against diverse harmful factors. Lithium compounds are widely used in medicine, but, in spite of undoubted beneficial effects, treatment with these compounds may lead to severe side effects, including renal, gastrointestinal, neurological, endocrine and metabolic disorders. This study was aimed at evaluating the influence of selenium and/or lithium on lithium, iron, zinc and copper content in rats’ erythrocytes as well as estimate the action of additional selenium on lithium exposure effects.

原子吸收光谱法测定独头蒜中7种元素

[目的]建立密闭高压消解-原子吸收法测定独头蒜中7种元素含量的方法。[方法]高压密闭消解法消解样品,以减小挥发元素在过程中的损失,提高测定元素的灵敏度。通过对基体改进剂、灰化温度、原子化温度以及干扰消除剂的选择,优化原子吸收光谱法测定各元素的条件。[结果]方法的相对标准偏差为0.27%～2.38%,回收率为92.0%～112.6%。[结论独头蒜中铜、铁、锌、钙、镁、钾和硒含量较丰富,且铁和锌的含量高于分瓣蒜。     

Common data elements for clinical research in Friedreich's ataxia

To reduce study start‐up time, increase data sharing, and assist investigators conducting clinical studies, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke embarked on an initiative to create common data elements for neuroscience clinical research. The Common Data Element Team developed general common data elements, which are commonly collected in clinical studies regardless of therapeutic area, such as demographics. In the present project, we applied such approaches to data collection in Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), a neurological disorder that involves multiple organ systems. To develop FRDA common data elements, FRDA experts formed a working group and subgroups to define elements in the following: ataxia and performance measures; biomarkers; cardiac and other clinical outcomes; and demographics, laboratory tests, and medical history. The basic development process included identification of international experts in FRDA clinical research, meeting by teleconference to develop a draft of standardized common data elements recommendations, vetting of recommendations across the subgroups, and dissemination of recommendations to the research community for public comment. The full recommendations were published online in September 2011 at http://www.commondataelements.ninds.nih.gov/FA.aspx . The subgroups′ recommendations are classified as core, supplemental, or exploratory. Template case report forms were created for many of the core tests. The present set of data elements should ideally lead to decreased initiation time for clinical research studies and greater ability to compare and analyze data across studies. Their incorporation into new, ongoing studies will be assessed in an ongoing fashion to define their utility in FRDA. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society     

The influence of fast and vegetarian diet on parameters of nutritional status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Summary Nutritional status was studied over a period of 13 months in 34 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Seventeen patients fasted for 7–10 days, were then transferred to a gluten-free vegan diet for 3.5 months and finally to a lactovegetarian diet for 9 months. The remaining 17 patients followed a normal diet. After one month, the values for body mass index (BMI) and triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) were significantly reduced in the diet group compared with the values at inclusion (p<0.001), whereas upper arm muscle area (UAMA) was not significantly reduced. Evaluation of the whole study course revealed a significantly lower BMI (p=0.04) and TSF (p<0.01) in the diet group compared with the control group. The concentration of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) was significantly reduced in the diet group after one month compared with the value at inclusion (p=0.01), but the overall difference between the two groups was not significant. There were no overall significant differences with regard to VAMA, concentration of serum albumin, haemoglobin, ferritin, zinc and copper between the two groups. Thus fast, followed by diet manipulations for one year, had a minor impact on nutritional status in patients with RA.     

微量元素形态分析研究概况

简要概述了微量元素及形态与人体健康的关系,归纳了元素形态的基本内容和研究方法,指出了今后微量元素形态分析的研究方向,为教学科研和农业生产提供理论依据。     

不同妊娠期妇女血微量元素水平变化分析

目的探讨不同妊娠期妇女血液微量元素变化情况。方法用原子吸收光谱分析法分别测定294例孕妇和47例健康妇女（对照组）Se、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn水平。结果Se，与对照组（79．524&#177;10．55μg／L）比较，早孕组（72．16&#177;9．48μg／L）、中孕组（72．40&#177;11.58μg／L），P〉0．05，晚孕组（56．76&#177;13．85μg／L），P〈0．01；Mn，与对照组（15．00&#177;3．25μg／L）比较，早孕组（14．10&#177;3．73μg／L）、中孕组（15．57&#177;3．49μg／L），P〉0．05，晚孕组（24．24&#177;5．43μg／L），P〈0．01；Fe，与对照组（18．64&#177;3．76μmol／L）比较，早孕组（22．20&#177;4．68μmol／L）、晚孕组（12．68&#177;4．31μmol／L），P〈0．01，中孕组（17．76&#177;6．13μmol／L），P〉0．05；Cu，与对照组（16．28&#177;2．69μmol／L）比较，早孕组（23．28&#177;5．62μmol／L）、中孕组（25．48&#177;3．45μmol／L）、晚孕组（28．82&#177;4．36μmol／L），P〈0．01；Zn，与对照组（12．83&#177;1．16μmol／L）比较，早孕组（10．85&#177;2．17μmol／L）、中孕组（9．71&#177;1.70μmol／L）、晚孕组（7．81&#177;1．36μmol／L）；P〈0．01。结论健康孕妇微量元素水平反映了微量元素之间协同、拮抗作用。随着妊娠期的推移，Fe的下降导致Mn的水平上升，Se的水平下降；而Cu的水平不断上升导致Zn水平不断下降，妊娠晚期各元素水平上升或下降尤为显著。     

从五行学说探讨全心衰竭与脏腑的关系

心力衰竭的发生、发展及演变涉及全身多个器官,其发展演变与中医学脏腑之间生克乘侮密切相关,用中医五行学说探讨全心衰竭与脏腑之间的关系,为心力衰竭发生、发展的研究开辟一条新的道路,有利于指导心力衰竭的中医药治疗。     

从"金"的本义谈五行的内涵

对"金"本义的研究发现"五行理论"中木、火、土、金、水分别是指"系统物质转换机制"、"系统能量属性"、"系统物质结构"、"系统生命程序"和"系统物质流动",五行内涵是中医学产生和发展的基础,为中医学走向实证研究起指导作用。