A rapid and easy method for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 mutation detection using conformation-sensitive gel electrophoresis

Until now, the study of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) gene in patients suspected of having the disease was expensive and laborious due to the large size of the gene. We have optimized the conformation-sensitive gel electrophoresis (CSGE) technique to analyze by four rather simple multiplex PCR reactions, and a single electrophoresis run, the entire coding region of the MEN1 gene, plus the exon–intron boundaries. This improvement of the CSGE technique was confirmed as an effective procedure for screening for the MEN1 gene by detecting ten previously known MEN1 gene mutations and four polymorphisms. The MEN1 gene of 12 patients with unknown mutations was then screened, and an abnormal CSGE profile was identified in 10/12 cases. Subsequent DNA sequencing demonstrated 3 of them to be novel mutations (E45K, 4479delACAG, 6073insC) and 7 to have been previously reported; in the remaining 2 patients, we confirmed the absence of any alteration of the coding sequence of MEN1. Mutation screening of the MEN1 gene using CSGE was demonstrated to be a fast, simple, and inexpensive method to study patients suspected of having MEN1 disease. Received: November 29, 2001 / Accepted: January 28, 2002     

米非司酮用于紧急避孕临床效果的调查研究

目的探讨米非司酮用于紧急避孕的临床效果。方法选取要求紧急避孕的育龄妇女379例口服米非司酮,观察紧急避孕有效率、不良反应的发生和单因素分析、阴道出血情况。结果米非司酮用于紧急避孕的有效率为79.02%,出现不良反应102例(26.9%),≤30岁和药物分服是不良反应的影响因素,出现阴道出血22例(5.8%)。结论米非司酮用于紧急避孕后仍有发生妊娠的可能并出现不良反应等情况,应做好服药后的随访和治疗工作。     

气相色谱法测定苦豆子提取物中乙醇残留量

目的：建立苦豆子提取物中乙醇残留量的气相色谱测定方法。方法：采用高效气相色谱法测定乙醇残留量,Agilent HP－IN－NOWAX毛细管柱为样品分析柱,甲醇为稀释剂,FID检测器温度220℃,进样口温度190℃,分流比为20∶1,外标法测定乙醇残留量。结果：测定的乙醇浓度与峰面积的相关系数为0.99944,回收率在96.0%～99.7%之间,重复性RSD为1.24%。结论：本方法可用于苦豆子提取物中乙醇残留量的测定。     

Accurate spike sorting for multi‐unit recordings

Simultaneous recordings with multi‐channel electrodes are widely used for studying how multiple neurons are recruited for information processing. The recorded signals contain the spike events of a number of adjacent or distant neurons and must be sorted correctly into spike trains of individual neurons. Several mathematical methods have been proposed for spike sorting but the process is difficult in practice, as extracellularly recorded signals are corrupted by biological noise. Moreover, spike sorting is often time‐consuming, as it usually requires corrections by human operators. Methods are needed to obtain reliable spike clusters without heavy manual operation. Here, we introduce several methods of spike sorting and compare the accuracy and robustness of their performance by using publicized data of simultaneous extracellular and intracellular recordings of neuronal activity. The best and excellent performance was obtained when a newly proposed filter for spike detection was combined with the wavelet transform and variational Bayes for a finite mixture of Student’s t‐distributions, namely, robust variational Bayes. Wavelet transform extracts features that are characteristic of the detected spike waveforms and the robust variational Bayes categorizes the extracted features into clusters corresponding to spikes of the individual neurons. The use of Student’s t‐distributions makes this categorization robust against noisy data points. Some other new methods also exhibited reasonably good performance. We implemented all of the proposed methods in a C++ code named ‘EToS’ (Efficient Technology of Spike sorting), which is freely available on the Internet.     

水提天麻工艺的初步研究

目的：探讨天麻有效部位的水提取、分离、纯化工艺.方法：利用生物酶技术,絮凝技术对提取液作前处理,大孔吸附树脂进行水提天麻有效部位的分离、纯化.结果：提取液上吸附柱前经生物酶催化、分解,絮凝剂沉淀处理,用改良型AB-8大孔吸附树脂（弱极性）吸附、分离、纯化,有效部位平均提取率3.489%,平均含量46.08%.     

三七功效本草考证

通过本草学考证,结合现代研究结果,表明本草文献中关于三七功效的记载有不完整性,三七除有本草记载的“散瘀止血,消肿定痛”之功效,还有“生血,补血”之功效。     

五味子有效成分提取分离方法的研究进展

五味子为我国传统的中药之一,具有多种药用功效,该文对近些年来五味子多种有效成分的提取分离方法做一综述,以利进一步的研究与开发利用。     

COVID-19: A pluralistic and integrated approach for efficient management of the pandemic

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which triggered the ongoing pandemic, was first discovered in China in late 2019. SARS-CoV-2 is a respiratory virus responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that often manifests as a pneumonic syndrome. In the context of the pandemic, there are mixed views on the data provided by epidemiologists and the information collected by hospital clinicians about their patients. In addition, the literature reports a large proportion of patients free of pneumonia vs a small percentage of patients with severe pneumonia among confirmed COVID-19 cases. This raises the issue of the complexity of the work required to control or contain the pandemic. We believe that an integrative and pluralistic approach will help to put the analyses into perspective and reinforce collaboration and creativity in the fight against this major scourge. This paper proposes a comprehensive and integrative approach to COVID-19 research, prevention, control, and treatment to better address the pandemic. Thus, this literature review applies a pluralistic approach to fight the pandemic.     

Efficient inference in multivariate fractionally integrated time series models

Summary A computationally simple maximum likelihood procedure for multivariate fractionally integrated time series models is introduced. This allows, e.g., efficient estimation of the memory parameters of fractional models or efficient testing of the hypothesis that two or more series are integrated of the same possibly fractional order. In particular, we show the existence of a local time domain maximum likelihood estimator and its asymptotic normality, and under Gaussianity asymptotic efficiency. The likelihood‐based test statistics (Wald, likelihood ratio and Lagrange multiplier) are derived and shown to be asymptotically equivalent and chi‐squared distributed under local alternatives, and under Gaussianity locally most powerful. The finite sample properties of the likelihood ratio test are evaluated by Monte Carlo experiments, which show that rejection frequencies are very close to the asymptotic local power for samples as small as n= 100 .     

放疗联合高效细胞因子诱导杀伤细胞治疗鼻咽癌的临床疗效观察

目的分析高效细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞联合放射治疗治疗鼻咽癌临床疗效和安全性。方法选取2010年6月至2013年6月在我院就诊的60例鼻咽癌患者为研究对象,应用随机数字表法将患者分为分为实验组和对照组,每组各30例,对照组给予放射治疗,实验组则在对照组治疗的基础上给予高效细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞治疗,比较观察两组患者免疫指标变化和Karnofsky评分变化。结果治疗4周后两组患者CD4＋/CD8＋比值、Treg细胞百分率、NK细胞百分率、NKT细胞百分率均较前明显改善,但实验组患者Treg细胞百分率和NKT细胞百分率上调更明显,而CD4＋/CD8＋比值和NK细胞百分率下降更明显,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。实验组患者的Karnofsky评分明显优于对照组患者,其差异也有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论高效细胞因子诱导的杀伤细胞联合放射治疗能够有效改善患者的免疫功能,改善患者的生活质量,值得在临床上进一步推广。