顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣修复指端组织缺损的临床疗效观察

目的探讨顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣应用于指端组织缺损患者的疗效。方法77例指端组织缺损患者随机分为两组,对照组行指动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复术,实验组行顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣修复术,比较两组的疗效、术后患指功能以及并发症。结果实验组的治疗优良率和术后患指功能评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两组的术后并发症发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣在指端组织缺损患者中应用效果显著,可促进术后患指功能恢复,安全性高。     

Efficacy of Curcumin in Combination with Intralesional Dexamethasone with Hyaluronidase in the Treatment of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of curcumin in combination with  intralesional dexamethasone with hyaluronidase in the treatment of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). Methods: This randomized, double blind, parallel design, clinical trial was conducted at B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Nepal. Thirty-four patients with clinically diagnosed OSF were randomized into two groups (17 participants in each) with baseline treatment of intralesional dexamethasone with hyaluronidase for 6 weeks for the both. Curcumin (2gm/day) was provided to Group A (Test) and Group B (Control) received placebo. Interincisal mouth opening, tongue protrusion, cheek flexibility and visual analogue scale (VAS) scoring of burning sensation of oral mucosa was recorded at baseline, 6, 8 and 12 weeks follow-up and independent t-test was used to compare the improvements in two groups. Results: On comparing the 6 weeks and baseline values, in Group A and B the mean difference in mouth opening was 8.82±1.33 mm and 5.53±1.17 mm respectively (p<0.001), in cheek flexibility was 2.94±1.02 mm and 1.94±1.24 mm respectively (p=0.02) and in tongue protrusion was 6.23±1.48 and 3.65±1.37 mm respectively (p<0.001). The findings were consistent in the 8 weeks follow-up. In 12 weeks follow-up, on comparing with the baseline values, in Group A and B, the mean difference in mouth opening was 8.71±1.16 mm and 5.35±1.22 mm respectively (<0.001), ), in cheek flexibility was 2.81±1.01 mm and 1.76±1.35 mm respectively (p=0.02) and in tongue protrusion was 6.06±1.48 and 3.35±1.50 mm respectively (p<0.001). Both the arms showed 100% improvement in burning sensation in 6, 8 and 12 weeks follow-up. Conclusion: Curcumin in combination with intralesional dexamethasone with hyaluronidase is efficacious in the treatment of OSF.     

Day case ankle arthroplasty: are they safe and cost effective? A single-centre case-control study

BackgroundMost patients who have an ankle replacement in the United Kingdom stay in hospital for 2–4 days. This study looked at the safety & cost-effectiveness of a day case ankle replacement pathway.MethodsThis was a retrospective case-control study looking at day case pathway for ankle replacements set up in collaboration with anaesthetists, nurses and physiotherapists. Patients practiced mobilization with crutches before surgery. Patients were discharged home with enough analgesia, and reviewed within 2–5 days of discharge.ResultsTwenty ankle replacements done between November 2017 and November 2019 were reviewed with a mean follow up of 38.4 months. None of these patients required to be readmitted within the first 28 days. No complications were related to the surgery being done as day case. Except one, all patients described the experience as excellent or good.ConclusionPer case the cost savings are estimated to be £880 in comparison to 20 matched inpatient ankle replacements. We conclude that ankle replacements can be safely carried out as day case with appropriate patient selection, pre-operative education and a multi-disciplinary approach.     

DCE-MRI诊断原发性肝癌效能和TACE术后评估肿瘤活性应用价值研究*

目的 探讨动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)检查诊断原发性肝癌(PLC)患者的效能及评价疗效的价值。方法 2017年1月～2021年6月我院诊治的肝占位性病变患者68例,均接受DCE-MRI检查,并行穿刺细胞学检查诊断,应用临床流行病学基本技术评估MRI诊断的效能。所有PLC患者接受经皮肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗,术后再次接受MRI检查,评估疗效。结果 DCE-MRI检查显示PLC患者肝内特征性恶性肿瘤表现,T1WI序列为低信号,T2WI序列为高信号,动脉期明显强化,门脉期快速消退,偶见明显的肿瘤包膜;在68例肝占位性病变患者,经穿刺细胞学检查,诊断PLC患者64例,非肿瘤病变4例;DCE-MRI检查诊断的灵敏度、特异度、准确率、阳性和阴性预测值分别为95.2%、75.0%、89.7%、93.8%和25.0%;在TACE术后,MRI检查发现肿瘤被完全灭活18例(28.1%),部分灭活25例(39.1%),肿瘤稳定15例(23.4%),疾病进展6例(9.3%)。结论 DCE-MRI检查在诊断PLC和治疗后疗效判断方面有独特的作用,可指导临床制定治疗方案,价值很大。     

卡通画与背景音乐在儿科穿刺室的应用

目的探讨一种服务方式,旨在减轻患儿痛苦,提高穿刺成功率,提升患者满意度。方法将儿科静脉穿刺的2 869例患者分成2组,在普通穿刺室静脉穿刺者为对照组(1 417例),在经过卡通画装饰墙面、播放儿歌背景音乐后的穿刺室中脉穿刺者为观察组(1 452例),比较两组患者一次穿刺成功率、头皮静脉穿刺疼痛程度、对护理工作的满意度。结果观察组一次穿刺成功率与患者对护士工作的满意度均高于对照组,观察组疼痛程度较轻,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论卡通画与背景音乐在儿科穿刺室的应用,可缓解静脉穿刺给患儿造成的疼痛,提高一次穿刺成功率,提升患者满意度。     

提高重症患者气管插管医护配合默契度的效果研究

目的:通过持续质量改进的实施与效果评价,提高重症患者气管插管医护配合默契度。方法:应用PDCA进行重症患者气管插管医护配合的现状分析、实施改进措施、数据查检,比较PDCA实施前后医护配合默契度及医生对护士操作配合的满意度。结果:实施PDCA后医护配合默契度(90.00±9.07)分,高于实施前(60.00±14.95)分(P<0.05);医生对护士操作配合的Likert scale 5分满意度评分,4分以上占97.14%,高于实施前77.14%(P<0.05)。结论:通过持续质量改进,可以增进医护沟通,对重症患者气管插管进行科学管理,提高医护配合默契度,提高抢救效率,保证患者生命安全。     

基于灰色关联度分析和聚类分析的3种滇产重楼抗肝癌作用谱效关系探索

目的:研究长柱重楼、滇重楼和南重楼的HPLC指纹图谱与其抗肝癌作用的谱效关系,为明确重楼抗肝癌作用的物质基础提供实验依据。方法:采用HPLC建立3种重楼提取物的指纹图谱,流动相乙腈(A)-水(B)梯度洗脱(0～10 min,20%A; 10～20 min,20%～25%A; 20～30 min,25%～30%A; 30～40 min,30%～35%A; 40～50 min,35%～40%A; 50～60 min,40%A; 60～75 min,40%～45%A; 75～80 min,45%～60%A),流速0. 9 m L·min~(-1),检测波长203 nm;利用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法测定3种重楼提取物对肝癌HepG2细胞的增殖抑制作用,计算半数抑制浓度(IC_(50));运用聚类分析(HCA)和灰色关联度分析(GRA)研究3种重楼指纹图谱和抗肝癌作用的关系,找出对抗肝癌作用贡献较大的成分。结果:在3种重楼的HPLC指纹图谱中,确定其中11个色谱峰为共有峰。作用时间72 h时长柱重楼、滇重楼、南重楼的IC_(50)分别为148. 33,178. 87,208. 09 mg·L~(-1),其中长柱重楼的抗肝癌活性最强。灰色关联度结果显示,滇重楼共有峰中关联度较高的为1～10号峰,长柱重楼共有峰关联度较高的为1～7号峰,南重楼共有峰中关联度较高的为1～4,6～10,N1号峰,与IC_(50)关联度均0. 7。各重楼变量的聚类分析结果显示,可与IC_(50)聚为一类的色谱峰的关联度均 0. 7。结论:建立了3种重楼的HPLC指纹图谱,重复性良好。3种重楼中的1～4,6和7号色谱峰对抗肝癌药效贡献最大。     

胰岛素泵强化治疗对初治2型糖尿病的疗效及预后

目的探析胰岛素泵强化治疗对初治2型糖尿病的疗效及对预后的影响。方法将2017年8月到2018年12月我院收治的120例初治2型糖尿病患者作为主要研究对象,采用数字随机表法将其分为两组,60例/组。对照组采用胰岛素皮下注射强化治疗,观察组采用胰岛素泵强化治疗,比较两组患者治疗前后的血糖变化情况和预后相关指标。结果治疗后两组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、糖化果糖胺水平均明显低于治疗前,且观察组明显低于对照组,有显著差异;两组患者治疗后的胰岛素抵抗指数均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组,差异显著;观察组患者的血糖达标时间短于对照组,胰岛素用量少于对照组,组间比较存在显著差异;观察组的低血糖发生率显著低于对照组,有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论采用胰岛素泵强化治疗对初治2型糖尿病患者而言效果显著,能够降低患者的血糖值,缩短血糖达标时间,减少胰岛素的剂量,且预后佳,更值得进一步推广应用。     

针刀松解激痛点治疗颈源性头痛39例影响

目的分析针刀松解激痛点治疗方法用于颈源性头痛患者的效果。方法对医院接受针刀松解激痛点治疗的39例颈源性头痛患者纳入试验组,选于2017年2月—2018年9月,抽取同期接受针刺治疗的39例颈源性头痛患者纳入对照组,评比两组治疗有效总计率、治疗前和治疗3个疗程后头痛程度评分值、头痛维持时间、头痛发生频率。结果试验组治疗有效总计率明显高于对照组统计值(P<0.05)。试验组治疗3个疗程后头痛程度评分值、头痛维持时间、头痛发生频率显著低于治疗前及对照组统计值(P<0.01)。结论对颈源性头痛患者实行针刀松解激痛点治疗的效果较优。