Spirituality and Emotional Distress Among Lung Cancer Survivors

BackgroundEmerging research is highlighting the importance of spirituality in cancer survivorship as well as the importance of early distress screening. The purpose of this study was to prospectively examine the relationships among spirituality, emotional distress, and sociodemographic variables during the early period of lung cancer survivorship.Patients and MethodsEight hundred sixty-four lung cancer survivors completed the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Spiritual Well-Being, and the Short-Form-8 for emotional distress within the first year after lung cancer diagnosis, and 474 of these survivors completed the survey again 1 year later.ResultsAt baseline, spirituality was associated with lower prevalence of emotional distress, being married, fewer years of cigarette smoking, and better Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status. Additionally, high baseline spirituality was associated with lower rates of high emotional distress at 1-year follow-up.ConclusionThese findings suggest that spirituality might serve as a protective factor for emotional distress among lung cancer survivors. Further research is warranted to explore the role of spirituality in promoting distress management among lung cancer survivors.     

A mechanism for gratitude development in a child

Most scholars consider gratitude as a moral emotion, with only few seeing it as a character trait. As a result, no systematic mechanism has ever been attempted to develop gratitude in children. Given the social issue of widespread lack of gratitude in the one-child generations of China, this article attempts to outline a mechanism of parental moral education for gratitude development. The mechanism is underpinned by love, induction and discipline; and theoretically justified in accordance with key psychological and sociological theories, such as Piaget's theory of moral development, Kohlberg's moral stages theory, attachment theory, Hoffman's internalisation theory, Rest's social justice theory and Baumrind's parenting styles theory. The benefits and potential risks of each strategy of the mechanism are addressed.     

吸毒人员回归社会后的应对方式与生活质量——自我概念的中介作用

目的 本研究旨在探讨吸毒人员回归社会后的自我概念及应对方式是否会影响其生活质量。方法 在四川省成都市、德阳市、西昌市、宜宾市等地招募201名已回归社会的男性吸毒人员（平均年龄22.65±8.31岁，年龄16~59岁）进行调查。参与者完成田纳西自我概念量表（TSCS）、特质应对方式问卷（TCSQ）和药物成瘾者生命质量测定量表（QOL-DA）。结果 高自我概念组吸毒人员的积极应对得分和生活质量均高于低自我概念组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；吸毒人员的自我概念在积极应对与生活质量之间的中介效应值为0.224（95%CI:0.063~0.434），中介效应显著，占总效应的26.4%。结论 自我概念介导了回归社会的吸毒人员应对方式与生活质量之间的关系，应在学校和特定社区开展提高自我概念和应对技巧的培训。     

Parenting practices and styles associated with adolescent sexual health in Dar es Salaam,Tanzania

Parenting styles and practices are suggested to be important predictors of adolescent sexual health, mostly in Europe and North America. Limited research has been conducted on these processes in Sub-Saharan Africa, which has different patterns of adolescent sexual behavior and family traditions. This study qualitatively explored parenting practices and styles associated with adolescent sexual health in Tanzania, with 12 adolescents and 12 parents of adolescents. The themes we identified from the data included parental monitoring, preventive, and punitive behaviors. Parents were reported to use mostly punitive behaviors to correct or prohibit sexual behavior; parents also set clear rules about appropriate sexual behavior (e.g., modesty and abstinence). Parents were also reported to closely monitor their adolescent children’s friendships and sexual behavior to minimize sexual behavior. However, some parents also engaged in positive preventive practices aimed at protecting their adolescent children.     

正念行为护理对肺癌合并肺结核患者的护理效果观察

目的探讨正念行为护理对肺癌合并肺结核患者的护理效果。方法选取2019年1月至2020年1月间陕西省结核病防治院收治的97例肺癌合并肺结核患者,采用随机数表法分为对照组和观察组。对照组49例患者采用亲情护理,观察组48例患者采用正念行为护理。比较两组患者的屈服、回避和面对评分、自我效能感量表(GSES)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分及生活质量。结果护理后,两组患者的屈服、回避、SDS和SAS评分均较护理前降低,且观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。护理后,两组患者的面对、GSES、情绪功能、社会功能、认知功能、躯体功能和角色功能评分均较护理前升高,且观察组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论正念行为护理能促进肺癌合并肺结核患者养成积极的应对方式,提高自我效能,减轻不良情绪,提高生活质量,值得推广。     

Do humor styles predict clinical response to the MINDSET (MINDfulneSs & EducaTion) program? A pilot study in patients with fibromyalgia

Background and aimHumor has been described as an effective coping strategy for dealing with chronic pain conditions; likewise, coping strategies predict some clinical outcomes after cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based interventions. The present study aims to preliminarily explore the role of humor styles in predicting clinical changes after the multicomponent intervention (MINDSET) that combines mindfulness and psychoeducation for fibromyalgia (FM) patients.Material and methodsA subsample of 35 patients with FM of the EUDAIMON study, a randomized controlled trial, was used for the present study; linear regressions and Spearman's correlations were computed.ResultsAffiliative humor and positive/negative ratio humor styles had a unique predictive effect on self-reported clinical changes. Significant correlations between humor styles with functional impact and mindfulness facets were observed.ConclusionsSome humor styles may imply a better disposition in patients to learn and implement the concepts and resources that the intervention offered.     

问题导向干预对卵巢癌患者应对方式及心理弹性的影响

目的探讨问题导向干预对卵巢癌患者应对方式及心理弹性的影响。方法选取96例卵巢癌患者,随机分为两组各48例,对照组行常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上行问题导向护理干预,比较两组的应对方式和心理弹性。结果干预后,观察组的面对评分显著高于对照组,屈服和回避评分显著低于对照组,心理弹性各项目评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论问题导向干预能有效缓解卵巢癌患者的负面情绪,增加积极应对方式,提升心理弹性,促进患者转归。