穿刺技术的改进和创新是穴位埋线疗法的第三次飞跃

穴位埋线是长效针灸,是在传统针具和针法基础上建立和发展起来的,是针灸技术的发展和延伸,穴位埋线的核心技术是穿刺技术,穴位埋线的三大要素中,针具、埋藏物、穿刺技巧之间是互相影响、互相促进的。针具的改进成功实现了穴位埋线疗法的第一次飞跃,埋藏物的改进成功实现了穴位埋线疗法的第二次飞跃,穿刺技术的改进和创新是穴位埋线疗法的第三次飞跃。     

A feasible method for llama embryo paraffin embedding

Maternal recognition of pregnancy in llamas would be related to a still-unknown signal secreted by the embryo to extend the corpus luteum lifespan. In order to study llamas reproductive physiology and early pregnancy aspects, research on embryos between 8 and 12 days post-mating is essential. However, there is a lack of information on llama embryo paraffin embedding, a procedure that exhibits difficulties, mostly for embryo manipulation. This work presents an accessible, easy and rapid protocol for embedding llama blastocysts. Uterine flushings from four superovulated llamas were performed to recover embryos 8 days post-mating. Each embryo was fixed in 1 ml of 10 % neutral buffered formalin for 24 h, at 4 °C, and transferred to 70 % ethanol. Later, they were submitted to a series of baths: 500 µl PBS with 5 % bovine foetal serum solution (PBS+BFS) for 1 min; zona pellucida permeabilization with 500 µl PBS with 0.2 % Triton X-100 for 20 min; 500 µl PBS+BFS for 1 min; dehydration on baths with ascendent grades of ethanol (70 %, 96 %, and 100 % twice) for 10 min each; and bath of butanol for 5 min. Finally, embryos were embedded in a pellet of paraffin and afterwards in a paraffin block. Complete sections from 8 of 13 grade I and II embryos were obtained. In conclusion, by applying this method, good quality sections with preserved embryo morphology suitable for histological, histochemical or immunohistochemical approaches would be possible to acquire.     

穴位埋线治疗卒中后肩关节半脱位疗效及对血清TNF-α、IL-6的影响

目的观察穴位埋线治疗卒中后肩关节半脱位临床疗效及对血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)因子水平的影响,探讨抑制炎症反应的相关机制。方法将92例卒中后肩关节半脱位患者按1:1:1随机分3组,共剔除2例,最终每组30例。埋康组采用康复训练加穴位埋线;针康组采用康复训练加针刺治疗;康复组采用单纯康复治疗。分别于治疗前后采用Fugl-Meyer(FMA)上肢运动能力、视觉模拟评分(VAS)及血清TNF-α、IL-6炎性因子水平进行评价。结果治疗后3组患者Fugl-Meyer及VAS评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血清TNF-α、IL-6炎性因子水平降低(P<0.05);3组中埋康组疗效最优;且3组治疗前后组内比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论穴位埋线能改善卒中肩关节半脱位患者上肢肩痛及运动功能,降低机体炎症性应激反应。     

Manifold learning on brain functional networks in aging

We propose a new analysis framework to utilize the full information of brain functional networks for computing the mean of a set of brain functional networks and embedding brain functional networks into a low-dimensional space in which traditional regression and classification analyses can be easily employed. For this, we first represent the brain functional network by a symmetric positive matrix computed using sparse inverse covariance estimation. We then impose a Log-Euclidean Riemannian manifold structure on brain functional networks whose norm gives a convenient and practical way to define a mean. Finally, based on the fact that the computation of linear operations can be done in the tangent space of this Riemannian manifold, we adopt Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) to the Log-Euclidean Riemannian manifold space in order to embed the brain functional networks into a low-dimensional space. We show that the integration of the Log-Euclidean manifold with LLE provides more efficient and succinct representation of the functional network and facilitates regression analysis, such as ridge regression, on the brain functional network to more accurately predict age when compared to that of the Euclidean space of functional networks with LLE. Interestingly, using the Log-Euclidean analysis framework, we demonstrate the integration and segregation of cortical–subcortical networks as well as among the salience, executive, and emotional networks across lifespan.     

穴位埋线治疗支气管哮喘研究述评

穴位埋线将传统针灸学与现代医学技术融合为一体,在缓解支气管哮喘症状、控制病发率、改善患者生活质量等方面有较好疗效。同时,也存在以下问题:①一些报道中的治疗仅依靠临床经验总结,而且多以病案方式呈现,这使后人在借鉴时对其真实性产生怀疑,同时缺乏大数据、大样本的支持,不具有统计学意义。②哮喘疾病具有反复发作的特性,对于穴位埋线治疗支气管哮喘复发率的研究甚少,究其原因,临床观察时间短,收集的样本数量少,治疗后缺乏回访。③在临床操作中,有些心理素质较差、对疼痛耐受程度差的患者会有抵触情绪,不接受穴位埋线疗法。在今后,应采用国际统一的客观诊断标准,加强对大样本数据长时间性的观察,增加回访环节,选择客观合理、科学严谨的随机对照组,更深层次地研究穴位埋线疗法对于哮喘的复发率,使穴位埋线疗法趋于成熟。     

穴位埋线治疗进行性肌营养不良的疗效观察

目的观察穴位埋线联合糖皮质激素及神经营养药物治疗进行性肌营养不良的临床疗效。方法 50例进行性假肥大性肌营养不良患者,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组25例。对照组采用糖皮质激素及神经营养药物治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上采用穴位埋线治疗。观察两组治疗前后10米步行时间和登梯时间及血清肌酸磷酸激酶(CPK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)水平的变化,并比较两组临床疗效。结果两组治疗后及随访10米步行时间和登梯时间与同组治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组治疗后及随访10米步行时间和登梯时间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗后及随访血清CPK、LDH水平较同组治疗前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);治疗组治疗后及随访血清CPK和LDH水平低于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗组总有效率为96.0%,对照组总有效率为72.0%,治疗组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论穴位埋线联合糖皮质激素治疗进行性肌营养不良的临床疗效显著,可作为临床治疗进行性肌营养不良方案的优选方法。     

近十年穴位埋线治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病研究进展

非酒精性脂肪性肝病(脂肪肝)发病率逐年增高,与肥胖有着密切的关系。在治疗非酒精性脂肪肝的临床研究中,大部分研究以穴位埋线对非酒精性脂肪肝炎干预治疗为主,但在疗效评估方面仍欠完善,研究多使用症状积分、血脂及BMI指标作为疗效依据,其中仅2篇文章以B超作为辅助疗效依据,仅1篇文章涉及肝酶指标前后变化,0篇文章涉及放射学评价作为辅助依据。穴位埋线对调节血脂、瘦素及细胞内皮因子等多方面有相应的影响,对体质量、体内脂肪分布的改善都有一定的效果。但在客观指标评价、随机对照试验设计以及单纯性脂肪肝相关的指标改善等方面有待进一步的提高。     

微创穴位埋线对慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者临床疗效、外周血NF-κB活性和TNF-α、IL-8水平的影响

目的:观察微创穴位埋线治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称慢阻肺)稳定期患者的临床疗效、外周血NF-κB活性和TNF-α、IL-8水平的影响。方法:选取2014年2月—2014年12月在上海中医药大学附属岳阳中西医结合医院呼吸科门诊就诊的慢阻肺稳定期患者60例,随机分为埋线组和对照组,每组30例。对照组给予西医常规治疗,埋线组在对照组治疗的基础上加用微创穴位埋线治疗。观察两组患者临床疗效、外周血NF-κB活性和TNF-α、IL-8水平。结果:埋线组有效率为86.67%,对照组有效率为76.67%,两组比较无统计学意义(P0.05);埋线组治疗后CAT评分、m MRC评分优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);埋线组治疗后外周血NF-κB活性较对照组显著下降,差异有显著统计学意义(P0.01);两组治疗前后TNF-α和IL-8水平比较,无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:微创穴位埋线联合常规西医治疗对慢阻肺稳定期患者外周血中NF-κB的活性具有明显抑制作用。