Immunohistochemical features of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma and pleomorphic adenoma in the lacrimal gland

AIM: To investigate C-myc, Ki-67, pan-cytokeratin, and vimentin immunohistochemical features of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (Ca-ex-PA) and pleomorphic adenoma (PA) in the lacrimal gland in order to find some clues in the differential diagnosis between them. METHODS: We reviewed microscopic slides and clinical records of 64 cases of PA and 15 cases of Ca-ex-PA in the lacrimal gland. Immunohistochemical antibodies for C-myc, Ki-67, pan-cytokeratin, and vimentin were employed. RESULTS: Median age of PA was 43.2y (from 21 to 75). The 35 patients (54.7%) were male and 29 patients (45.3%) were female. For the PAs, the average positivity of C-myc was 4.6%; the average proliferation index of Ki-67 was 3.2%; pan-cytokeratin was positive in ductal cells, and vimentin was positive in myoepithelial cells. Median age of Ca-ex-PA was 54.3y (from 26 to 76). There were 7 male patients (46.7%) and 8 female patients (53.3%). Among 15 Ca-ex-PAs, there were 6 myoepithelial carcinomas, 4 adenocarcinomas, 3 epithelial-myoepithelial carcinomas, and 2 squamous cell carcinomas. For the Ca-ex-PAs, the average positivity of C-myc was 36.4%; the average proliferation index of Ki-67 was 29.2%; pan-cytokeratin was positive in all cases, and vimentin was positive in myoepithelial carcinomas. CONCLUSION: PA has a lower positivity of C-myc and Ki-67, while Ca-ex-PA had a higher positivity of these two biomarkers. These four biomarkers as a set could provide valuable clues in the differential diagnosis between Ca-ex-PA and PA. Our results indicate that the activation of C-myc could play an important role in the pathogenesis of Ca-ex-PA and PA.     

口腔白斑和鳞癌中P_(53)、C-myc基因的免疫组化研究

本实验应用免疫组化－链霉素抗生物素蛋白－过氧化酶连接法（ＳＰ）对正常口腔粘膜、白斑和鳞癌中Ｐ５３、Ｃ－ｍｙｃ基因的表达进行研究．结果表明：正常粘膜无一例阳性；轻、中、重度异常增生白斑和鳞癌Ｐ５３蛋白表达率为１２．５％，２５．０％，３３．３％和５０．０％；Ｃ－ｍｙｃ表达率为０．０％，１２．５％，１６．７％和２３．３％．白斑和鳞癌间Ｐ５３变化有显著性差异，Ｃ－ｍｙｃ表达无显著性差异．此两基因的表达与鳞癌有否淋巴结转移无关，且在鳞癌发生中有协同作用     

RNA干扰对白血病细胞系HL-60增生的影响

 目的 研究针对c-myc基因的小分子干扰RNA片断（small interfering RNA, siRNA）对白血病细胞系HL-60细胞增生的影响,探讨应用siRNA进行白血病基因治疗的可能性。方法 制备特异性对应c-myc基因的siRNA转染HL-60细胞,倒置显微镜观察细胞形态学改变,MTT法检测细胞增生状态,流式细胞仪进行细胞周期分析。结果 siRNA转染HL-60细胞后,细胞生长受抑,增生能力减弱,其增生抑制作用于转染后48 h、72 h最明显,增生抑制率分别为53.2 %和51.5 %;S期细胞比值由（56.1±4.7）%降至（17.8±3.2）%,细胞阻滞在G0／G1期。结论 针对c-myc基因的siRNA对HL-60细胞增生有明显抑制作用,有望为白血病提供新的治疗途径。     

FBP1 is highly expressed in human hypertrophic scars and increases fibroblast proliferation,apoptosis, and collagen expression

Purpose: FBP1, one of the far-upstream element binding proteins(FBPs), is a distal upstream binding protein of c-myc, which is highly expressed in tumor tissues. This study aimed to investigate FBP1 expression in human hypertrophic scars and to determine the effects of FBP1 on fibroblasts. Materials and methods: Human normal skin and scar specimens were collected during clinical surgery. One portion of each tissue specimen was embedded in paraffin and sliced to observe differences in histological features and FBP1 expression by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The other portion of each tissue specimen was cultured to obtain fibroblasts. Fibroblasts from the second to the sixth passage were used for the experiments, which were divided into the following two groups: an experimental group, whose cells were transfected with an siRNA targeting FBP1, and a control group, whose cells where not transfected. MTT and TUNEL assays were performed, respectively, to assess fibroblast proliferation and apoptosis, and western blotting was performed to assess protein expression. Results: We obtained fibroblasts by primary tissue culture and found that FBP1 was highly expressed in hypertrophic scars. MTT assay showed that an siRNA targeting FBP1 significantly reduced fibroblast proliferation in siRNA-treated cells compared to control cells. TUNEL assay showed that there was no difference in apoptosis between the two groups; however, western blotting showed that collagen I, collagen III, c-myc, caspase-3, and caspase-9 expression levels were all decreased in the experimental group. Conclusion: FBP1 is highly expressed in human hypertrophic scars and increases fibroblast proliferation, apoptosis and collagen expression.     

Proliferation and C-myc Gene Expression of Smooth Muscle Cells in Rabbit Carotid Artery after Stenting

Objectives To investigate the proliferation of smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and the expression of c-myc gene in rabbit carotid arteries after stenting. Methods Platinium-Iridium stent were implanted into the fight carotid arteries of 16 rabbits under vision. 7,14,30 and 90 days after the stenting procedure, morphological changes of VSMCs were observed under light and transmission electron microscope. The c-myc gene expression was detected by insitu hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemical staining. Results 7 days after stenting, the phenotype of VSMCs changed from contractile to synthetic phenotype; there were a number of proliferative VSMCs in the neointima. At 14 and 30 days, there were synthetic and transitive VSMCs. At 90 days, the phenotype of VSMCs recovered to contractile phenotype. The ultrastructure of typical synthetic phenotype of VSMCs were round, containing a large amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Cmyc expression were positive both by ISH and im-munohistochemical staining. Conclusions C-myc gene expression increases and closely relates to VSMCs proliferation after stenting. It may play an important role in the in-stent restenosis.     

细胞周期蛋白A,p21~(WAF1)及C-myc在皮肤瘢痕及瘢痕癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨细胞周期蛋白A(CyclinA),p21WAF1和C-myc在病理性皮肤瘢痕和瘢痕癌中的表达及意义。方法采用免疫组化(SP)法分别检测正常皮肤、皮肤瘢痕和瘢痕癌中CyclinA,p21WAF1和C-myc蛋白的表达,采用原位杂交技术分别检测CyclinA mRNA,p21WAF1 mRNA的表达,并对数据进行统计学分析。结果 CyclinA,p21WAF1及其mRNA在瘢痕癌组织中呈强阳性表达,与正常皮肤组及皮肤瘢痕组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);但其在正常皮肤组与瘢痕组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);C-myc蛋白在正常皮肤、皮肤瘢痕和瘢痕癌组织中的表达分别为弱阳性、阳性和强阳性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。瘢痕癌中CyclinA与CyclinA mRNA;Cy-clinA与p21WAF1,C-myc;CyclinA mRNA与p21WAF1 mRNA的表达均呈正相关。结论 CyclinA,C-myc的高表达与皮肤瘢痕癌的发生有相关性,这两种因子在瘢痕癌的发生中发挥协同作用;C-myc蛋白的表达可作为皮肤瘢痕癌变早期诊断的一个指标。p21WAF1在瘢痕癌中高表达的意义尚有待于进一步论证。     

miRNAlet7、C-myc在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及意义

目的:探讨miRNAlet7(let7)、C-myc在非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)中的表达及临床病理学意义.方法:采用原位杂交检测let7、免疫组化方法检测C-myc在68例NSCLC(NSCLC组)及20例癌旁肺组织(对照组)中的表达,分析它们与NSCLC的临床病理学参数及患者生存率的关系.结果:Let7在NSCLC组...     

养心通脉片对胰岛素抵抗综合征外周血单核细胞C-myc和PDGF-A mRNA表达的影响

目的 :探讨养心通脉片防治胰岛素抵抗综合征 (IRS)的分子生物学机制 ,主要是检测分析该药对IRS病人外周血单核细胞C -myc基因和血小板衍化生长因子 -A (PDGF -A )mRNA表达水平的影响。方法 :设养心通脉片组( 3 3例 )、二甲双胍片组 ( 3 4例 )。两组病例分别于服药前、服药后的第 10天采空腹血液 ,用常规方法定量检测血糖(FPG) ;用放射免疫法检测血胰岛素(FINS) ;用半定量RT -PCR法检测外周血单核细胞C -myc基因和PDGF -AmRNA的表达水平。结果 :养心通脉片组病人服药后FPG、FINS含量与服药前比较明显下降 (P <0 .0 1) ,胰岛素敏感指数 (ISI)与服药前比较明显上升(P <0 .0 1) ;养心通脉片组病人服药后外周血单核细胞C -myc基因、PDGF -AmRNA的表达水平与服药前比较明显下降 (P <0 .0 1) ,其中C -myc基因mRNA表达下降的幅度大于二甲双胍片组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :养心通脉片能通过改善机体胰岛素敏感性 ,抑制C -myc基因mRNA的表达 ,而下调PDGF -AmRNA的表达水平 ,有利于进一步抑制血管平滑肌细胞的过度增殖 ,防止IRS的发生、发展。     

survivin和hTERT在大肠黏膜癌变中表达及其与c-myc关系

目的研究survivin和端粒酶催化亚单位(hTERT)在大肠黏膜癌变中表达及其与c—myc关系。方法采用原位杂交和免疫组化(SP法)检测hTERTmRNA、survivin、c—myc蛋白在45例大肠腺癌、20例腺瘤、10例正常组织的表达，并对各指标阳性率和相关性分析。结果肠腺癌中stirvivin阳性率66．7％，hTERTmRNA85％，c—myc53％，三者在腺瘤中分别为30％、45％、20％，正常黏膜为0％、10％、0％，stirvivIn和hTERTmRNA表达与大肠癌的分化程度及临床参数无明显相关性，与c—myc明显相关，Survivin与hTERTmRNA呈正相关性(x^2=10．235，P=0．001)。结论Survivin和hTERT在大肠癌中高表达，非癌组织中低表达，可成为诊断治疗的新靶点，但不能作为肿瘤进展的标志物，survivin、hTERT、myc可能在大肠癌变中起协同作用。     

C-myc与肺鳞癌中miRNA-21表达的关系

目的:检测肺鳞癌组织中miRNA-21和癌基因C-myc的表达,探讨两者的相关性及其临床意义.方法:采用实时荧光定量PCR(RQ-PCR)和免疫印迹检测25例肺鳞癌组织及其相应癌旁正常组织中miRNA-21及C-myc蛋白的表达水平,分析两者与临床病理指标的关系.结果:肺鳞癌组织中miRNA-21的表达及C-myc的表达均高于癌旁正常组织,在低分化肺鳞癌组织中的表达水平与高分化肺鳞癌组织相比,差异无统计学意义.miRNA-21及C-myc在转移癌组织中表达水平显著高于非转移癌组织.肺鳞癌组织中miRNA-21表达量与C-myc阳性表达存在正相关.结论:miRNA-21和C-myc在肺鳞癌中表达上调,可能与肺癌的发生与演进相关.