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1.
Thymus vulgaris, Thymus satureioides, and Thymus zygis are endemic Moroccan species that are intensively used due to their extensive medications and culinary properties. To enhance and preserve these overexploited species, the effect of provenance on the chemical composition of essential oils and antimicrobial activity against human pathogens were studied. Essential oils (EO) obtained by hydrodistillation from the flowering tops of thyme species were analyzed by GC-SM. The determination of minimum inhibitory (MIC), bactericidal (MBC), and fungicide (MFC) concentrations of EO were studied by microplate microdilution. The correlation between the chemical composition of EO and antimicrobial properties were evaluated using R software. The samples studied gave variable yields, ranging from 0.70 ± 0.03% to 4.12 ± 0.21%. The main constituents of Thymus vulgaris harvested from the municipality of El Hammam are carvacrol (68.8%), γ-terpinene (11.5%), and p-cymene (3.9%), while borneol (41.3% and 31.7%) and carvacrol (14.6% and 9.8%) are the most abundant in Thymus satureioides of the communes of Tata and Tigrigra respectively. For Thymus zygis, the results revealed the dominance of carvacrol (51.7% and 57.5%) for the municipalities of Tigrigra and Ain Aghbal, thymol (47.1% and 42.1%) for the municipalities of Bensmim and Timahdite respectively. These chemical profiles have similarities, but also reveal differences from the results given in the literature. In addition, the essential oils most active towards the microorganisms evaluated were those of Thymus vulgaris, followed by Thymus zygis and Thymus satureioides. These EO have very powerful MIC (MIC ? 300 μg/ml) against Gram-negative bacteria, and in particular, concerning Enterobacters cloacae, Citrobacter koseri, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Thymus zygis EO is the most active on candidates compared to Thymus vulgaris and Thymus satureioides EO, except Candida dubliniensis which was inhibited by Thymus satureioides EO from the commune of Azrou with a MIC = 18.75 μg/ml. The correlation determined between the major components and MIC showed that phenols have the strongest positive effects on antimicrobial properties, followed by terpenes and non-aromatic alcohols. In addition, different sensitivities of pathogens to chemical families have been observed against Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter koseri, Candida parapsilosis, Staphylococcus aureus multiresistant, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Aspergillus niger. Our results support the idea that these oils could be very useful in flavoring, food preservation, as well as a source of antimicrobial agents of great power against multidrug-resistant strains.  相似文献   
2.
摘 要 目的:建立痤疮散质量控制方法。方法: 采用薄层色谱法对制剂中的大黄、白芷和防风进行定性鉴别;采用气相色谱法同时测定制剂中百秋李醇、薄荷脑和冰片的含量。结果: 薄层色谱显色清晰且阴性对照无干扰。百秋李醇、冰片、薄荷脑分别在0.020 1~0.805 6 mg·mL-1、0.010 0~0.401 6 mg·mL-1、0.005 1~0.202 8 mg·mL-1浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率(n=6)分别为102.03%(RSD=0.91%)、100.10%(RSD=1.94%)、103.15%(RSD=1.68%)。结论:本法操作简便,结果准确、重现性好,可用于痤疮散的质量控制。  相似文献   
3.
目的:对黔产艾纳香石油醚部位的化学成分进行研究.方法:采用硅胶、凝胶等柱色谱技术对艾纳香石油醚部位的化学成分进行分离、纯化,再结合核磁共振技术鉴定其化学结构.结果:分离并鉴定了5个化合物,分别为花椒油素(1)、豆甾醇(2)、三十一烷(3)、龙脑(4)、4,22-二烯-3-酮豆甾烷(5).结论:5个化合物均首次从艾纳香石油醚部位分离得到.  相似文献   
4.
目的:考察冰片在不同贮存条件下的稳定性,为冰片的贮存条件提供参考。方法:建立毛细管柱气相色谱法测定冰片中龙脑的含量,并系统考察在密闭条件下的光照、温度和空气对合成冰片稳定性的影响。结果:将冰片密闭贮存12月,其龙脑的含量仍大于55%,而樟脑的含量未检测;在低温、充氮和避光保存,其龙脑的含量比高温、不充氮和光照的含量高。结论:冰片经密闭贮存12月,龙脑的含量是保证的,且温度、空气和光照对冰片的稳定性有影响。  相似文献   
5.
目的 观察矾冰纳米乳外治下肢丹毒的临床疗效.方法 70例丹毒患者随机分为2组,均内服草薢渗湿汤,治疗组35例用矾冰纳米乳外敷,对照组35例用如意金黄散外敷,14 d为一个疗程,一个疗程后进行疗效比较.结果 治疗组治愈率和总有效率分别为85.7%和94.3%;对照组治愈率和总有效率分别为68.6%和80.0%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗组的平均治愈时间(6.2±1.3)d,明显短于对照组的平均治愈时间(10.3±3.2)d,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 矾冰纳米乳外治下肢丹毒具有起效快,疗效好,疗程短,操作简单等优点.  相似文献   
6.
目的:对复方双层缓释药膜的制备及治疗复发性口腔溃疡的疗效观察分析。方法:复方双层缓释药膜制备、应用于复发性口腔溃疡病例。结果:复方双层缓释药膜为黄色半透明薄膜,有一定的韧性,具有明显的冰片及人工牛黄的清香气;复方双层缓释药膜、养阴生肌散组,总有效率分别达98%、84%,尤以复方双层缓释药膜临床效果良好,两组对比差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05),且均显著优于对照组(P〈0.01)。结论:该膜制备工艺简单,止痛迅速,对缩短溃疡期,促进愈合,提高临床治疗疗效非常确切,具有可行的临床应用推广价值。  相似文献   
7.
Borneol is a traditional Chinese medicine that can promote drug absorption from the gastrointestinal tract and distribution to the brain. However, stomach irritation may occur when high doses of borneol are used. In the present work, gastrodin, the main bioactive ingredient of the traditional Chinese drug “Tianma” (Rhizoma Gastrodiae) was used as a model drug to explore reasonable application of borneol. Sustained-release solid dispersions (SRSDs) for co-loading gastrodin and borneol were prepared using ethylcellulose as a sustained release matrix and hydroxy-propyl methylcellulose as a retarder. The dispersion state of drug within the SRSDs was analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and powder X-ray diffractometry. The results indicated that both gastrodin and borneol were molecularly dispersed in an amorphous form. Assay of in vitro drug release demonstrated that the dissolution profiles of gastrodin and borneol from the SRSDs both fitted the Higuchi model. Subsequently, gastric mucosa irritation and the brain targeting of the SRSDs were evaluated. Compared with the free mixture of gastrodin and borneol, brain targeting of SRSDs was slightly weaker (brain targeting index: 1.83 vs. 2.09), but stomach irritation obviously reduced. Sustained-release technology can be used to reduce stomach irritation caused by borneol while preserving sufficient transport capacity for oral brain-targeting drug delivery.KEY WORDS: Borneol, Gastrodin, Oral drug delivery, Brain-targeting, Gastric mucosa irritation, Sustained-release  相似文献   
8.
The clinical application of central nervous system (CNS) drugs is limited by their poor bioavailability due to the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Borneol is a naturally occurring compound in a class of ‘orifice-opening’ agents often used for resuscitative purposes in traditional Chinese medicine. A growing body of evidence confirms that the ‘orifice-opening’ effect of borneol is principally derived from opening the BBB. Borneol is therefore believed to be an effective adjuvant that can improve drug delivery to the brain. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive review of information accumulated over the past two decades on borneol’s chemical features, sources, toxic and kinetic profiles, enhancing effects on BBB permeability and their putative mechanisms, improvements in CNS drug delivery, and pharmaceutical forms. The BBB-opening effect of borneol is a reversible physiological process characterized by rapid and transient penetration of the BBB and highly specific brain regional distribution. Borneol also protects the structural integrity of the BBB against pathological damage. The enhancement of the BBB permeability is associated with the modulation of multiple ATP-binding cassette transporters, including P-glycoprotein; tight junction proteins; and predominant enhancement of vasodilatory neurotransmitters. Systemic co-administration with borneol improves drug delivery to the brain in a region-, dose- and time-dependent manner. Several pharmaceutical forms of borneol have been developed to improve the kinetic and toxic profiles of co-administered drugs and enhance their delivery to the brain. Borneol is a promising novel agent that deserves further development as a BBB permeation enhancer for CNS drug delivery.  相似文献   
9.
陈在敏 《海峡药学》2011,23(3):54-56
目的建立气相色谱法同时测定麝珠明目滴眼液中冰片及麝香酮含量。方法用HP-INNOWAX(30m×320μm×0.25μm)色谱柱,火焰离子化检测器(FID)进行分析检测。程序升温:140℃维持8min,再以30℃.min-1升温至200℃维持10min,采用外标法测定。结果冰片在0.41~10.26mg.mL-1范围内线性相关(r=0.9993),回收率为101.0%,RSD=1.1%(n=6);麝香酮在0.007~0.38mg.mL-1范围内线性相关(r=0.9999),回收率为98.2%,RSD=0.8%(n=6)。结论该方法简便、准确,重现性好,可用于麝珠明目滴眼液的质量控制。  相似文献   
10.
赵光峰  刘亚敏  黄宏敏  夏鑫华 《海南医学》2013,24(14):2029-2031
目的通过观察大鼠脑缺血再灌注后血脑屏障(BBB)超微结构损伤及AQP-4表达情况,探讨芳香开窍法对BBB的保护作用。方法建立大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注模型,电镜下观察BBB超微结构,分别用RT-PCR方法、免疫组化方法研究AQP-4 mRNA、AQP-4蛋白表达的变化。结果与模型组比较,麝香配伍冰片组AQP-4 mRNA表达量显著降低(P<0.01),冰片组AQP-4 mRNA表达量也较模型组下降(P<0.05)。麝香配伍冰片组AQP-4 mRNA表达量较麝香组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。麝香配伍冰片组AQP-4蛋白表达量较模型组下降明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),冰片组AQP-4蛋白表达量也较模型组下降(P<0.05)。结论麝香配伍冰片可减轻缺血再灌注后BBB超微结构损伤,抑制脑组织AQP-4 mRNA和蛋白的表达而起到脑保护作用,这可能是其芳香开窍的作用原理之一。  相似文献   
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