基于GC-TOF-MS代谢组学研究黄连解毒汤对大鼠粪便代谢的影响＊

目的 通过GC-TOF-MS代谢组学探讨不同剂量的黄连解毒汤对SD大鼠粪便代谢组的影响，进而为黄连解毒汤的作用机制提供参考。方法 SD大鼠45只适应性喂养7天后，随机分为5组：黄连解毒汤高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组、抗生素组和空白组，每组9只。中药干预组不同剂量黄连解毒汤灌胃，1 mL/次，2次/天，连续给药21天；抗生素组，1 mL/次，2次/天；空白组生理盐水灌胃，1 mL/次，2次/天，连续给药21天；末次给药后，禁食禁水12 h，处死并收集大鼠粪便。采用气相色谱-飞行时间质谱（Gas Chromatography Tandem Time-of Flight Mass Spectrometry，GC-TOF-MS）检测各组大鼠粪便，运用多元分析OPLS以及单变量统计学方法筛选差异代谢物，通过MetaboAnalyst平台进行代谢通路分析。结果 对于粪便中的内源性代谢物小分子，高剂量组的黄连解毒汤影响的主要有：核糖、硫酸、棕榈酸、花生酸、茜素等；中剂量组的黄连解毒汤影响的主要有：乌头酸、胆固醇、乳酸、棕榈油酸、茜素等；低剂量组的黄连解毒汤影响的主要有：硫酸、棉子糖；氨苄西林钠影响的主要有：蛋氨酸1、麦角固醇、正亮氨酸1、棕榈酸、硫酸、乳酸等；不同剂量的黄连解毒汤和氨苄西林钠都能够影响到半乳糖代谢及硫代谢通路。结论 黄连解毒汤可改善糖尿病和心脑血管疾病相关的代谢物小分子，不同剂量的黄连解毒汤对粪便代谢的影响不同，其中中剂量的影响最为广泛。     

双向冲水法在无肝素血液透析中的应用效果

目的探讨双向冲水法用于无肝素血液透析中对患者透析器及静脉壶凝血程度、透析时间的影响。方法选取2018年12月至2019年12月于医院行无肝素血液透析的62例患者,按随机数字表法分为两组,各31例。对照组予以传统冲水法,观察组予以双向冲水法,比较两组透析器及静脉壶凝血程度、透析时间。结果两组透析器凝血程度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组静脉壶凝血程度低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组透析时间长于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论双向冲水法可降低无肝素血液透析患者静脉壶凝血程度,延长透析时间,增强透析效果。     

Spontaneous resolution of plastic bronchitis in a patient post hemi-Mustard/bidirectional Glenn atrial switch procedure in the double-switch operation for congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries after course of Augmentin

We report the case of a five-year-old girl with plastic bronchitis after repaired complex congenital heart disease, who became asymptomatic after a short course of Augmentin. We report the disease regression as response either to antibiotic or as coincidental with spontaneous resolution.     

Does hypoplasia of one pulmonary artery preclude a definitive repair in pulmonary atresia,intact ventricular septum,and hypoplastic right ventricle?

Summary Twins with pulmonary atresia, intact ventricular septum, and hypoplastic right ventricle associated with underdeveloped and discontinuous left pulmonary artery are described. Operations to connect the left pulmonary artery to the main pulmonary trunk, with subsequent biventricular repair assisted by bidirectional cavopulmonary anastomosis and atrial fenestration were performed. Follow-up catheterization proved spontaneous closure of the fenestration in one patient. Both patients have been in a satisfactory condition for 3 years since operation.     

Characteristics of Diprophylline-Induced Bidirectional Modulation on Rat Jejunal Contractility

In this study, we propose that diprophylline exerts bidirectional modulation (BM) on the isolated rat jejunal segment depending on its contractile state. The results supported the hypothesis. Diprophylline (20 µM) exerted stimulatory effects on the contractility of jejunal segment in six low contractile states while inhibitory effects in six high contractile states, showing the characteristics of BM. Diprophylline-induced stimulatory effect was significantly blocked by atropine, indicating the correlation with cholinergic activation. Diprophylline-induced inhibitory effect was partially blocked by phentolamine, propranolol, and L-N-Nitro-Arginine respectively, indicating their correlation with sympathetic activation and nitric oxide-mediated relaxing mechanisms. Diprophylline-induced BM was abolished by tetrodotoxin or in a Ca²⁺ free condition or pretreated with tyrosine kinase inhibitor imatinib, suggesting that diprophylline-induced BM is Ca²⁺ dependent, and that it requires the presence of enteric nervous system as well as pacemaker activity of interstitial cells of Cajal. Diprophylline significantly increased the reduced MLCK expression and myosin extent in constipation-prominent rats and significantly decreased the increased MLCK expression and myosin extent in diarrhea-prominent rats, suggesting that the change of MLCK expression may also be involved in diprophylline-induced BM on rat jejunal contractility. In summary, diprophylline-exerted BM depends on the contractile states of the jejunal segments, requires the presence of Ca²⁺, enteric nervous system, pacemaker activity of interstitial cells of Cajal, and MLCK-correlated myosin phosphorylation. The results suggest the potential implication of diprophylline in relieving alternative hypo/hyper intestinal motility.     

非心肺转流术双向腔肺分流术的疗效分析

目的 探讨非心肺转流术(CPB)双向腔肺分流术(Glenn术)治疗先天性心脏病的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2005年8月至2011年8月44例行双向腔肺分流术患者的临床资料,其中采用非CPB患者23例(非CPB组),CPB患者21例(CPB组),对比分析两组患者呼吸机辅助呼吸时间、胸腔引流量、血液制品使用量、术后住院时间和出院时脉搏血氧饱和度(SpO2).结果 44例患者均治愈出院,无死亡病例.非CPB组呼吸机辅助呼吸时间、胸腔引流量和血液制品使用量分别为(4.5±1.3)h、(4.6±1.4) ml/kg和(221.8±97.6) ml,均明显少于CPB组的(6.7±1.5)h、(7.7±3.1)ml/kg和(423.4±149.7) ml,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),非CPB组术后住院时间和出院时SpO2分别为(7.4±2.3)d和0.91±0.05,而CPB组为(7.8±1.9)d和0.88±0.39,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 在非CPB下施行双向腔肺分流术是一种安全、可行的手术,值得临床推广.     

科学发展观视阈下医药院校师德培养的双向模式

科学发展观的确立,要求顺应价值多元化的形势,建立新型的医药院校双向师德培养模式。树立“以人为本”的核心价值理念,以教师为本,教师以学生为本,形成以医药院校为主导、以教师为主体、专业性与综合性相结合、既有崇高道德理想又有基本伦理底线的可持续发展的师德培养模式。     

Bidirectional association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and hypertension from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study

The relation between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hypertension is not fully understood. To examine the effect of the change in NAFLD status on the risk of incident hypertension, and vice versa, 6704 eligible hypertension-free subjects and 9328 NAFLD-free subjects from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study at baseline were enrolled in the study. Among the hypertension-free subjects, development and persistence of NAFLD were associated with an increased odds ratio (OR) for incident hypertension (OR: 1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.26–1.76, P < .0001; OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.27–1.78, P < .0001). However, the resolution of NAFLD was not a risk factor for incident hypertension. Among the NAFLD-free subjects, the risk of new-emerging NAFLD was robust for hypertension status both in no-yes (OR: 1.45, CI: 1.23–1.71) and yes-yes (OR: 1.61, CI: 1.35–1.92). Moreover, stratified analysis by diabetes and overweight/obese for the risk of incident NAFLD showed that incident hypertension (no-yes) and persistent hypertension (yes-yes) were associated with risk of incident NAFLD in subjects without diabetes or overweight/obesity. In the overweight/obese participants, persistent hypertension (yes-yes) was a risk factor for incident NAFLD (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.01–1.64, P = .0387). Conclusively, incidence and persistence of NAFLD are associated with increased risk of hypertension, and vice versa.     

神经系统与肠道菌群双向调控的研究进展

脑肠-轴是神经系统与肠道菌群之间由神经、内分泌介导的双向调控系统,将大脑和胃肠道之间紧密相连。一方面,肠道菌群可以通过脑肠-轴对神经系统的发育产生影响;另一方面,神经系统也可以通过脑肠-轴改变肠道菌群的结构组成和生物学特征。本文就脑肠轴双向调控的相关研究作一概述,为今后的发展提供理论支持。