Selecting patients for early interdisciplinary rehabilitation during neurointensive care after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury

Background

Early interdisciplinary rehabilitation (EIR) in neurointensive care is a limited resource reserved for patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) believed to profit from treatment. We evaluated how key parameters related to injury severity and patient characteristics were predictive of receiving EIR, and whether these parameters changed over time.

Methods

Among 1003 adult patients with moderate to severe TBI admitted over 72 h to neurointensive care unit during four time periods between 2005 and 2020, EIR was given to 578 and standard care to 425 patients. Ten selection criteria thought to best represent injury severity and patient benefit were evaluated (Glasgow Coma Scale, Head Abbreviated Injury Scale, New-Injury-Severity-Scale, intracranial pressure monitoring, neurosurgery, age, employment, Charlson Comorbidity Index, severe psychiatric disease, and chronic substance abuse).

Results

In multivariate regression analysis, patients who were employed (adjOR 1.99 [95% CI 1.41, 2.80]), had no/mild comorbidity (adjOR 3.15 [95% CI 1.72, 5.79]), needed neurosurgery, had increasing injury severity and were admitted by increasing time period were more likely to receive EIR, whereas receiving EIR was less likely with increasing age (adjOR 0.97 [95% CI 0.96, 0.98]) and chronic substance abuse. Overall predictive ability of the model was 71%. Median age and comorbidity increased while employment decreased from 2005 to 2020, indicating patient selection became less restrictive with time.

Conclusion

Injury severity and need for neurosurgery remain important predictors for receiving EIR, but the importance of age, employment, and comorbidity have changed over time. Moderate prediction accuracy using current clinical criteria suggest unrecognized factors are important for patient selection.     

Machine learning models for Parkinson’s disease detection and stage classification based on spatial-temporal gait parameters

BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disease with no cure, presenting a challenging diagnosis and management. However, despite a significant number of criteria and guidelines have been proposed to improve the diagnosis of PD and to determine the PD stage, the gold standard for diagnosis and symptoms monitoring of PD is still mainly based on clinical evaluation, which includes several subjective factors. The use of machine learning (ML) algorithms in spatial-temporal gait parameters is an interesting advance with easy interpretation and objective factors that may assist in PD diagnostic and follow up.Research questionThis article studies ML algorithms for: i) distinguish people with PD vs. matched-healthy individuals; and ii) to discriminate PD stages, based on selected spatial-temporal parameters, including variability and asymmetry.MethodsGait data acquired from 63 people with PD with different levels of PD motor symptoms severity, and 63 matched-control group individuals, during self-selected walking speed, was study in the experiments.ResultsIn the PD diagnosis, a classification accuracy of 84.6 %, with a precision of 0.923 and a recall of 0.800, was achieved by the Naïve Bayes algorithm. We found four significant gait features in PD diagnosis: step length, velocity and width, and step width variability. As to the PD stage identification, the Random Forest outperformed the other studied ML algorithms, by reaching an Area Under the ROC curve of 0.786. We found two relevant gait features in identifying the PD stage: stride width variability and step double support time variability.SignificanceThe results showed that the studied ML algorithms have potential both to PD diagnosis and stage identification by analysing gait parameters.     

益气强心合并穴位艾灸治疗心力衰竭的临床观察

目的探讨益气强心合并穴位艾灸治疗心力衰竭的临床效果。方法选取2017年1月～2018年12月我院收治的心力衰竭患者60例,按照随机化原则分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。对照组给予常规西药治疗,观察组给予益气强心合并穴位艾灸治疗,比较两组患者心功能疗效、中医证候积分、左室射血分数(LVEF)和生活质量。结果观察组患者心功能疗效总有效率为93.33%(28/30),明显高于对照组的73.33%(22/30),差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组中医证候积分、LVEF、生活质量明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论采用益气强心配合穴位艾灸治疗心力衰竭临床效果确切,可改善患者心功能,提高生活质量,减少住院次数,降低死亡率,值得在临床中推广应用。     

胸部CT指导冠脉造影（治疗）术导管选择的价值研究

目的探讨胸部CT 指导冠脉造影（治疗）术导管选择的价值。方法 选择2018 年1 月～2019 年1 月我院收治的300 例行冠状动脉造影（治疗）术的患者作为研究对象，采用单双号法分组，单号为对照组，双号为研究组，每组各150 例，对照组采用超声指导造影导管选择，研究组采用胸部CT 指导造影导管选择，对比两组患者导管选型、大小合适率、导管选择花费时间、手术总耗时、治疗总有效率及手术过程中动脉管壁损伤发生率。结果 研究组患者导管选型合适率（98.00%）、大小合适率（98.67%）均显著高于对照组（85.33%、86.67%），研究组患者导管选择花费时间为（13.76±1.73）min、手术总耗时为（37.18±2.72）min 均显著短于对照组的（21.23±2.15）min、（58.96±3.44）min，研究组患者治疗总有效率（96.67%）显著高于对照组（77.33%），研究组患者手术过程中动脉管壁损伤发生率（0.67%）显著低于对照组（15.33%），差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 在冠状动脉造影术中采用胸部CT指导临床患者选择造影导管，不仅能有效提高患者导管选型、大小合适率、缩短导管选择花费时间和降低其脉管壁损伤发生率，还能有效提高手术整体治疗效果，提高患者预后质量。     

穴位贴敷联合风咳汤治疗感染后咳嗽的临床研究

目的:探究风咳汤联合穴位贴敷治疗感染后咳嗽的临床疗效,以期丰富治疗方法,为治疗感染后咳嗽提供科学依据。方法:选取2017年1月至2018年1月南京市中西医结合医院收治的感染后咳嗽患者88例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法随机分为对照组和观察组,每组44例。对照组予常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用风咳汤联合穴位贴敷治疗,均治疗2周。观察比较2组患者采用不同方法治疗前、后中医证候积分、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、诱导痰上清液中P物质(SP)含量水平变化情况。治疗过程中收集不良反应资料,结束治疗后比较2组疗效。结果:1)2组患者完成治疗方案后,中医症候积分较治疗前均显著下降,观察组显著优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2)治疗后2组患者IL-8、TNF-α、SP含量均较治疗前显著下降,且观察组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3)观察组患者临床控制率、总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。4)2组患者ALT、AST、CCr、BUN水平和不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:风咳汤联合穴位贴敷治疗感染后咳嗽能提高疗效,降低炎性反应水平,改善症状和生命质量。     

运用彭静山教授“一点二穴三线四面取穴法”针刺治疗难治性面瘫

彭静山教授提出“一点二穴三线四面”八字取穴法。笔者运用此八字取穴法指导针灸临床取穴治疗难治性面瘫,临床效果显著。本文列举临床典型病例,详细阐述取穴和针刺治疗方法,并对治疗机理进行论述。对于难治性面瘫,单纯毫针针刺治疗效果有一定局限性,以“一点二穴三线四面”八字取穴法为基础,取穴点以透刺连接构成线、面,以芒针联合透刺法为主要治疗方法,可强化治疗效果、提高临床效应。     

三伏贴联合伏针闪罐治疗支气管哮喘的临床观察

目的采用三伏贴联合伏针闪罐治疗支气管哮喘,观察该治疗方法对支气管哮喘患者的临床疗效。方法选择秦皇岛市中医医院针灸科2016年9月至2019年9月三伏期间收治的符合诊断及纳入标准的120例支气管哮喘患者,按照随机数字表法随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组60例,治疗组采用三伏贴联合伏针闪罐疗法,对照组单用三伏贴疗法。三伏期间初伏、中伏和末伏各贴敷1次,共贴敷9次,3年为1个疗程。1个疗程后,采用χ^2检验比较2组总有效率。结果治疗组治愈27例,好转31例,无效2例,治愈率45. 0%(27/60),总有效率96. 6%(58/60);对照组治愈14例,好转37例,无效9例,治愈率23. 3%(14/60),总有效率85. 5%(51/60)。治疗组治愈率和总有效率均高于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(χ^2=6. 261、4. 904,P均<0. 05)。结论三伏贴联合伏针闪罐治疗支气管哮喘疗效优于单纯三伏贴治疗,充分发挥中医特色优势,值得在临床上推广应用。     

穴位敷贴结合运动疗法对膝骨性关节炎的治疗价值评估

目的探讨穴位敷贴联合运动疗法对膝骨性关节炎的治疗效果。方法100例膝骨性关节炎患者,按照随机摸球法分为实验组与参照组,各50例。实验组应用穴位敷贴结合运动疗法治疗,参照组口服非甾体消炎止痛药治疗。比较两组治疗效果。结果实验组的优良率80.00%与参照组的78.00%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论两种治疗方案都可实现治疗膝骨性关节炎的目的,穴位敷贴联合运动疗法治疗膝骨性关节炎具有成本低、价格便宜、经济实惠等优势。     

基于复杂网络技术对电针治疗乳腺增生病处方分析

目的基于复杂网络技术分析电针治疗乳腺增生病的核心穴位及配伍穴相关性,并对电针波型进行探讨。方法检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普网数据库(VIP)中从1954年1月1日到2018年12月31日公开发表的电针治疗乳腺增生病的临床中文文献,利用Excel表格工具建立电针治疗乳腺增生病数据库,利用Matlab2014a软件进行节点中心性分析和聚类分析,利用Gephi0.9.1软件制作复杂网络示意图对分析结果进行描述和展示,利用Excel表格工具制作电针治疗乳腺增生病不同波形比例饼状图并分析其规律。结果选定43条电针处方:电针治疗乳腺增生病主穴核心度前三位依次为膻中穴、足三里、肩井穴;配伍穴位核心度前三位依次为太冲穴、太溪穴、脾俞穴;经络核心度前三位依次为足阳明胃经、任脉、足少阳胆经。配伍穴位相关性分析中,相关性频度前三位组合依次为太冲穴-太溪穴、太冲穴-肾俞穴、太冲穴-三阴交。电针波形中以连续波与疏密波常见,均具有较高的临床应用价值。结论电针治疗乳腺增生病处方以足阳明胃经为最多,其次为任脉;电针波型以连续波为主。