植入物乳房重建一步法和二步法临床对比研究

目的:探讨即刻乳房假体重建（一步法）和应用扩张器的假体重建（二步法）两种不同手术方式在术后并发症、美容效果和成本效益的差异。方法:回顾性分析我院乳腺外科2015年5月至2018年5月收治的285例乳腺癌植入物重建患者，依据手术方式不同分为一步法组（145例）和二步法组（140例），比较两组患者临床资料的差异。结果:一步法组术后出血发生率（6.8%）高于二步法组（1.4%），差异有统计学意义（P=0.021）。一步法组术后伤口皮瓣坏死率（6.2%）高于二步法组（1.4%），差异有统计学意义（P=0.036）。二步法组乳房满意度评分（81.5±7.1）分高于1步法组（78.6±6.2）分，差异有统计学意义（P=0.035）。二步法组住院总花费（80 334.8±6 149.8）元高于一步法组（60 966.5±5 544.9）元，差异有统计学意义（P=0.049）。二步法组住院天数（34.3±3.2）天多于一步法组（17.5±3.9）天，差异有统计学意义（P=0.014）。结论:在植入物乳房重建两种手术方式中，二步法相较于一步法，其并发症少，美容效果好，但在成本效益上并不优于一步法。     

胃癌腹膜转移预测和治疗进展

胃癌腹膜转移最终导致以顽固性腹水为主要临床特征的癌性腹膜炎 ,是患者死亡的最主要原因。近年来随着免疫和分子生物学技术的飞速发展 ,对胃癌腹膜转移诊治领域的研究亦甚为活跃 ,现就近年来研究新进展作一综述     

不同浓度5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷标记山羊骨髓基质干细胞的体外研究

Objective To explore the feasibility of labeling and tracing in vitro goat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) on the basis of investigation of its optimal concentration, incubating time and cytotoxicity. Methods A healthy goat, aged 10 months old, male, weighing 32 kg, was used in this study. Bone marrow was aspirated. BMSCs were isolated and cultured using the adherence method in vitro. The fourth passage of BMSCs (P4) were incubated with BrdU at 5, 10, 15, 20 μmol/L as 5, 10, 15, 20 μmol/L BMSC groups. Cells were not labeled by BrdU as negative control. The following parameters were measured: induction, differentiation and determination of goat BMSCs; the optimal mass concentration and incubation time of 5-BrdU labeling; cell positive rate at 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours in each group using immunofluoreseenee; the cell survival rate after various concentrations of BrdU ladling by trypan-blue exclusion. Results The morphology of the primary and passage goat BMSCs was fusiform in shape. Goat BMSCs could differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocytes following induction. BMSC nucleus showed green fluorescence under fluorescence microscope after being labeled by BrdU. The mean labeling rate increased with the increase in the concentration and incubation time of BrdU, and reached to (93.32± 3.25)% after incubation in 15 μmol/L, BrdU for 48 hours. There were no significant differences between 15 μmol/L BrdU for 72 hours, 20 μmol/L BrdU for 48 hours and 72 hours (P > 0.05), or between the other groups or time points (P < 0.05). The labeling rate of the blank control group was 0. The cell survival rate was all above 90% (P > 0.05). Conclusions BrdU can be used as a labeling marker for goat BMSCs. When the concentration is 15 μmol/L and the incubation time is 48 hours, the optimal labeling effect can be achieved. Goat BMSCs labeled with BrdU is of high efficiency and safety.     

连枷胸4例救治体会

连枷胸是十分严重的胸外伤,导致其呼吸循环功能紊乱,死亡率较高。我院1988～1993年共抢救治疗4例连枷胸,均获成功,现报告如下: 1 临床资料 1.1 一般资料:本组均为男性,年龄最小23岁,最大54岁。4例均为闭合伤,其中单侧伤3例,双侧伤1例。肋骨骨折,最少6根,最多14根(双侧),4例均有第2肋骨折并合并血气陶和休克。 1.2 致伤原因:胸部挤压伤3例,交通事故1例。 1.3 合并伤:脑外伤1例,肝破裂1例,脾破裂2例,肱骨骨折1例,肠破裂1例。 1.4 治疗:胸腔闭式引流4例,气管插管1例,气     

利用数字中国人数据集辅助断层解剖学教学

为使数字中国人数据集能够用于断层解剖学教学。采用数据集转换、编辑出版中国数字人男性图谱和女性图谱及构建三维模型用于断层解剖学教学。获得了适宜断层解剖学教学使用的男性和女性数据集,出版了《中国数字人女性彩色图谱》和《中国数字人男性彩色图谱》,并构建立大量组织器官的三维模型。因此,丰富了断层解剖学教学资源和手段。     

脾结核1例报道

1　临床资料　患者 ,男性 ,6 8岁 ,以左上腹胀痛 11m o,加重2 mo来我院就诊 . 8m o前曾因腹痛、腹胀、腹泻 (稀水样便 )反复发作 3mo住院治疗 .住院时患者有低热 (午后 )、盗汗、乏力、消瘦等 .血沉 1h 35 mm.结核菌素试验强阳性 . CT检查示 :腹水、脾脏内有低密度影 .诊断为结核性腹膜炎 ,经抽腹水、抗结核等治疗好转出院 ,对脾脏内低密度影未重视 .出院后抗结核治疗 5 mo(乙胺丁醇、雷米封、利福平、链霉素等 ) ,2 mo前患者感左侧腰痛 ,左上腹胀痛加重 ,经 B超及 CT检查提示脾结核在结核病院强化治疗 2 mo未见疗效 ,遂来我院就诊 .查体 …     

乳腺癌术前行平消胶囊联合化疗疗效观察

目的　观察平消胶囊配合CTF方案(环磷酰胺、吡柔比星、氟尿嘧啶)治疗乳腺癌患者近期疗效及毒副反应。方法　将60例原发性乳腺癌分为两组,即治疗组(平消胶囊联合CTF方案组)与对照组(单纯CTF方案组),对两组患者近期疗效、毒副反应及治疗前、后CA15-3的测定值进行比较。结果　治疗组总缓解率为90%,对照组为70%。差异有显著性(P<0.05)。治疗组白细胞下降程度轻于对照组(P<0. 05)。两组间血小板、血色素及消化道反应无明显差异。CA15-3下降,治疗组治疗前后差异有显著性(P<0.05),而对照组治疗前后无显著性(P>0. 05)。结论　平消胶囊与化疗联合能提高化疗疗效,减轻毒副反应,改善乳腺癌的临床预后,且具有协同增效和使用安全的特点。     

腹部穿透性锐器伤125例手术治疗体会

腹部穿透性锐器伤临床十分常见 ,尤其多见于腹部刀刺伤。我科近十年来共收治经手术探查的腹部穿透性锐器伤 12 5例 ,现就手术探查情况及体会报告如下。临床资料本组 12 5例 ,其中男 112例 ,女 13例 ,年龄 8～ 73岁 ,平均2 3 .4岁。 16～ 3 0岁之间 10 9例 ( 87.2 % )。刀刺伤 10 6例。12 5例病人均行剖腹探查手术 ,探查阴性 (不合并腹内脏器损伤 ) 2 6例 ( 2 0 .8% ) ,阳性 99例 ( 79.2 % )。其中合并实质性脏器损伤 3 0例 ( 2 4% ) ,合并空腔脏器损伤 46例 ( 3 6.8% )。而立位腹片提示膈下游离气体者 5 7例 ( 4 5 .6% )。肠系膜裂伤 11例 ,…     

活血法在治肺之顽疾中的一点体会

在十多年的临床工作中，每遇慢性支气管炎(慢支炎)和支气管哮喘久病者，虽根据临床表现来辨证施治，风寒客表者用小青龙汤加减，风寒外束，痰热内蕴定喘汤，脾肺虚寒，痰饮内停者久咳保肺合剂(我省省中医院验方)等等之加减治疗，虽治疗已有一百多例，但觉临床症状改善较缓，舌暗夹青，舌下脉络紫暗，变化不明显。通过与我院呼吸科医生多     

An open add-on study on cyclophosphamide in patients with refractory myasthenic crisis

Objective: To assess the efficacy and side effects of cyclophosphamide on refractory myasthenic crisis. Methods: Five patients of myasthenic crisis refractory to usual comprehensive treatment, entered an open additional study with cyclophosphamide 200 mg VD q. d or 400 mg VD q. o. d with 6-10 g of total dosage. The patients were followed up for 1-8 years. Results: All the 5 patients were effectively treated with obvious remission in 3 and improvement in 2. Two patients have returned to partial work. The side effects were tolerable. Conclusion: The present clinical trial showed that cyclophosphamide was effective, particularly in a long term as an additional therapy for treating MG patients with refractory crisis of myasthenia gravis.