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目的研究热塑体膜在6MV和16MV光子束治疗肿瘤时对皮肤剂量的影响。方法使用瓦里安2300CD直线加速器,PTW3381平行板电离室。测量条件:200MU,10cm×10cm照射野,100cm源皮距。在有热塑体膜和无热塑体膜的情况下,分别测量模体表面、模体下1、2、3mm处的剂量,分别比较不同条件下相同深度的剂量。结果放置热塑体膜后模体表面的吸收剂量明显高于无热塑体膜时的吸收剂量,6MV光子束时表面增加了36.2%,16MV光子束时表面增加了47.7%(P〈0.01),模体表面以下1、2、3mm的剂量同样明显增加,但增加的幅度随深度的增加而逐渐减少。结论使用热塑体膜能显著增加皮肤表面剂量,放疗医师在做放疗计划设计时,应考虑到热塑膜对患者皮肤剂量的影响及其生物效应,尽量采用各种措施减少放射性皮肤损伤。 相似文献
3.
目的:探讨建立较为简便的新生大鼠皮层神经元细胞体外无血清原代培养方法。方法取新生大鼠(24 h )大脑皮层组织,消化后种植在有多聚-L-赖氨酸包被的六孔培养板中,以含10%胎牛血清DEM E-HG培养液种植,4~8 h后换用含B27的Neurobasal培养基维持饲养。于不同时间在倒置相差显微镜下观察形态变化,分别采用RT-PCR、Western blot、免疫组织化学对神经元特异性标记物神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)基因及蛋白进行鉴定。结果2~8 h神经元细胞贴壁,随着时间延长,形态多变,突起逐渐增多,神经元突起间相互接触形成网络,培养7~10 d神经元胞体最为丰满,通过RT-PCR、Western blot和免疫组织化学证明所分离培养的是神经元细胞。结论该方法简单易行,神经元纯度较高,可作为神经元体外培养的良好模型用于以后的研究。 相似文献
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目的研究垂体腺瘤中Fascin、Ki-67蛋白的表达水平,并探讨它们和肿瘤侵袭性的相关性。方法选取石河子大学医学院第一附属医院既往30例侵袭性和30例非侵袭性垂体腺瘤手术蜡块标本,应用免疫组化法检测标本中Fascin、Ki-67蛋白的表达情况,统计学方法分析两种蛋白表达水平和Konsp分级的相关性。结果免疫组化结果证实,Fascin、Ki-67在侵袭性垂体腺瘤中呈阳性或强阳性表达,在非侵袭性垂体腺瘤组织中呈阴性或弱阳性表达,其表达均与Knosp分级呈正相关。结论Fascin、Ki-67蛋白可能是预测垂体腺瘤侵袭性的潜在生物学标志物。 相似文献
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目的探讨急性缺血性脑卒中患者血管内治疗的方法及临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2015年5月至2017年3月收治的187例急性缺血性脑卒中患者的临床资料。比较患者术前和术后的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institute of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)、改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分和脑梗死溶栓(thrombolysis in cerebral infarction,TICI)分级;观察患者术后的并发症。结果本组患者中,行动脉溶栓治疗者138例,行动脉溶栓+机械碎栓者9例,行支架取栓者30例,行支架取栓+支架植入者10例。本组患者的血管再通(TICI为2b或3级)率为91.4%;术前和术后1 d的NIHSS评分分别为(14.87±4.44)分、(9.35±7.14)分。术后3个月时随访,130例患者(69.5%)的预后良好(mRS≤2分),死亡率为22.5%(42/187)。结论根据患者的病情选择动脉溶栓或支架取栓等血管内治疗方式,能明显改善患者的预后,并且安全、有效。 相似文献
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目的探讨内镜联合腹腔镜手术治疗胃肠道肿瘤的适应范围、安全性和可行性。方法对我院2007年9月—2010年7月进行的30例内镜指导下腹腔镜手术治疗胃肠道肿瘤的临床资料进行回顾性分析,其中胃间质瘤2例,结肠腺瘤20例,早期结肠腺瘤局灶性癌变8例。结果 30例手术均顺利完成,手术定位准确,无中转开腹者。手术时间40~90min,术中出血量10~40mL,胃肠功能恢复时间1~2d。术后未发生大出血、吻合口漏、切口感染或腹腔内感染、尿潴留等并发症。住院时间4~6d。术后随访6~24个月均未见复发。结论内镜指导下腹腔镜手术对于内镜下难以切除,而腹腔镜下又定位困难的胃肠道肿瘤,具有定位准确、创伤小、并发症少、术后恢复快等特点,为胃肠道小肿瘤的微创治疗提供了一种新的思路和合理的治疗方案,值得临床推广应用。 相似文献
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Objective To investigate the effects of diets with different calorie and nutritional values on pubertal onset in female rats. Method Female Wistar rat models receiving calorie-deprived (group R) (Experiment 1) ,fat-rich(group F) ,glucose-rich(group G) and protein-rich(group P) (Experiment 2) test diets were established,and rats receiving diets with normal caloric value were considered as control group (group C). The body weight (BW) ,food-intake and vaginal patency (VP) were observed. The rats were killed at the day of vaginal patency. The BW, uterus weight (UW), uterus index (UI), calorie intake per day (CI), perirenal fat weight (PFW) and perirenal fat index (PFI) were measured. The serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, IGF- Ⅰ were tested by means of ELISA.Results Experiment 1:The VP was retarded in group R compared with group C (P<0. 01). There was a significant difference in BW, UW,UI ,CI,leptin and ghrelin at the VP day between group R and group C (all P<0.01) ,and no significant difference in IGF- Ⅰ levels between these two groups. Experiment 2 :The VP was retarded in group F,group G and group P in comparison with group C (P<0.01). The BW, PFW and PFI in group G and group F were markedly higher than those in group P and group C. The leptin level in group F was the highest, and the lowest in group P. The ghrelin level in group G was the highest,and that in group P was the lowest. However,there were no significant differences in IGF- Ⅰ and UI among these, four groups. Conclusion The normal pubertal onset of female rats requires sufficient caloric stores and balanced nutrient. Diets malnutrition and fat-rich, glucoserich and protein-rich test diets all delay pubertal onset in female rats. 相似文献
8.
阴茎硬结症是一种临床上较为少见的男性疾病,因其起病隐秘,病症复杂,病程缠绵且容易复发,同时伴阴茎疼痛、勃起障碍等症状,对男性正常的工作生活造成较大影响。现代医学对于阴茎硬结症尚无有效治疗手段,作者通过长期临床观察,认为阴茎硬结症属于中医络病范畴,以络病学说“易滞易瘀”的病理特点为基础,将“阳虚络瘀”视作阴茎硬结症的基本病机,运用“温阳通络”法治疗阴茎硬结症验案多例,疗效颇著。 相似文献
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目的:探讨机器人辅助腹腔镜下肾盂成形术(robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty, RALP)治疗儿童肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻(ureteropelvic junction obstruction, UPJO)的临床应用效果。方法:回顾性分析2021年9月—2022年5月在宁夏医科大学总医院接受RALP的31例UPJO患儿,其中男22例,女9例;年龄(57.35±47.10)个月;左侧23例,右侧8例;体重(20.77±12.20) kg。收集手术时间、术中估计出血量、术后引流时间、术后住院时间等临床资料,肾盂前后径(anteroposterior diameter, APD)、肾盂与肾实质厚度比值(pelvis/cortex ratio, PCR)、分肾功能(differential renal function, DRF)等影像学资料。采用第四代DaVinci Xi机器人操作系统,重建肾盂输尿管连接部。结果:31例患儿手术均顺利完成,无中转开放手术病例。平均手术时间为(119.87±15.64) min,平均肾盂输尿管吻合时间(33.65±7.45... 相似文献
10.
Objective To investigate the effects of diets with different calorie and nutritional values on pubertal onset in female rats. Method Female Wistar rat models receiving calorie-deprived (group R) (Experiment 1) ,fat-rich(group F) ,glucose-rich(group G) and protein-rich(group P) (Experiment 2) test diets were established,and rats receiving diets with normal caloric value were considered as control group (group C). The body weight (BW) ,food-intake and vaginal patency (VP) were observed. The rats were killed at the day of vaginal patency. The BW, uterus weight (UW), uterus index (UI), calorie intake per day (CI), perirenal fat weight (PFW) and perirenal fat index (PFI) were measured. The serum levels of leptin, ghrelin, IGF- Ⅰ were tested by means of ELISA.Results Experiment 1:The VP was retarded in group R compared with group C (P<0. 01). There was a significant difference in BW, UW,UI ,CI,leptin and ghrelin at the VP day between group R and group C (all P<0.01) ,and no significant difference in IGF- Ⅰ levels between these two groups. Experiment 2 :The VP was retarded in group F,group G and group P in comparison with group C (P<0.01). The BW, PFW and PFI in group G and group F were markedly higher than those in group P and group C. The leptin level in group F was the highest, and the lowest in group P. The ghrelin level in group G was the highest,and that in group P was the lowest. However,there were no significant differences in IGF- Ⅰ and UI among these, four groups. Conclusion The normal pubertal onset of female rats requires sufficient caloric stores and balanced nutrient. Diets malnutrition and fat-rich, glucoserich and protein-rich test diets all delay pubertal onset in female rats. 相似文献