少见的椎体缘变异—爱神弓形椎

本文随机抽出500例腰椎片发现弓形椎变异45例,41个腰椎标本发现4个。对这种椎体下终板的对称性双凹形变异,所引起的X 线异常投影进行了观察、分级和鉴别.特别指出临床的重要性是避免与病理性椎体终板缺损相混淆。笔者结合国外首位报告文献,对发生率和发生机制进行了探讨。     

小剂量胰岛素静点治疗持续高血糖状态观察

对104例血糖＞20．0mmol/L的2型糖尿病，随机分为2组。53例采用小剂量胰岛素静点，至血糖降至10—15．0mmol/L后改用其它方法。另5l例采用药物控制。结果：小剂量胰岛素静点组，在减轻脱水，改善症状方面效果较好，血糖下降时间缩短(P＜0．01)。但两组在控制血糖达标方面无明显差异；结论：在持续高血糖状态时，用小剂量胰岛素静点组优于药物治疗组。     

43例食管异物再次手术的体会

我科从1998年1月~2005年1月收治43例食管异物取出术失败的病人,并对其行食管异物进行再次取出术,取得了较好的临床效果,现报道如下。1资料和方法1.1临床资料43例病人中,男31例,女12例;年龄17~72岁,平均44.6岁。38例曾行1次食管异物取出术,4例行2次食管异物取出术,1例行3次食管异物取出术。术前X片显示食管入口处异物30例,食管胸段处异物13例。已并发食管穿孔14例(32.6%)。发病时间1~5 d。异物种类包括动物骨22例、鱼刺6例,假牙10例,金属异物5例。所有病人就诊时均有吞咽困难和吞咽疼痛,其中呼吸困难4例,40例局部有压痛,6例有畏寒发热,17例…     

落差造就一种气势

前些年去贵州看黄果树瀑布,只见滔滔的河水从数十米高的危崖跌落,凌空翻飞,倾入莫测的深潭之中,掀起轩然大波,发出震天巨响,在阳光的照射下,雾化出色彩缤纷的霓虹。这恢宏的气势,动魄的风景,使我久久地为大瀑布落差创造出来的壮美,赞叹不已。     

不同给药途径的腺苷预处理对大鼠缺血再灌注心肌的保护

Objective To evaluate the effect on myocardial protection of adenosine preconditioning in different route of administration through right jugular vein and left ventricle.Methods 48 SD rats were randomly divided into ischemia reperfusion group(blank control),ischemic preconditioning group(IP,positive control),adenosine venous infusion group,adenosine in ventricular group,normal saline(NS)venous infusion group(negative control I)and NS in ventricular group(negative control Ⅱ).The ischemia reperfusion rats model were established in vivo,and then changes of heart function,serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)and expression of nuclear factor KB(NF-kB) were observed.Results SOD in IP[(208.63±23.88)U/ml],adenosine venous infusion group [(178.27±11.56) U/ml]and adenosine in ventricular group[(191.31±28.14)U/ml]were significantly higher than that in the ischemia reperfusion group[(145.05±23.18)U/ml](P<0.05),cTnT,MDA and expression of NF-kB were lower than that in the ischemia reperfusion group (P<0.05).Heart function was significantly better than that in the ischemia reperfusion group(P<0.05);SOD in adenosine in ventricular group was significantly higher than that in adenosine venous infusion group(P<0.05).cTnT,MDA and expression of NF-kB were lower than that in adenosine venous infusion group (P<0.05).Conclusion Adenosine preconditioning may mimic protective effect of ischemic preconditioning. The effect on myocardial protection of adenosine in ventricular group was better than that of adenosine venous infusion group.     

不同给药途径的腺苷预处理对大鼠缺血再灌注心肌的保护

Objective To evaluate the effect on myocardial protection of adenosine preconditioning in different route of administration through right jugular vein and left ventricle.Methods 48 SD rats were randomly divided into ischemia reperfusion group(blank control),ischemic preconditioning group(IP,positive control),adenosine venous infusion group,adenosine in ventricular group,normal saline(NS)venous infusion group(negative control I)and NS in ventricular group(negative control Ⅱ).The ischemia reperfusion rats model were established in vivo,and then changes of heart function,serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)and expression of nuclear factor KB(NF-kB) were observed.Results SOD in IP[(208.63±23.88)U/ml],adenosine venous infusion group [(178.27±11.56) U/ml]and adenosine in ventricular group[(191.31±28.14)U/ml]were significantly higher than that in the ischemia reperfusion group[(145.05±23.18)U/ml](P<0.05),cTnT,MDA and expression of NF-kB were lower than that in the ischemia reperfusion group (P<0.05).Heart function was significantly better than that in the ischemia reperfusion group(P<0.05);SOD in adenosine in ventricular group was significantly higher than that in adenosine venous infusion group(P<0.05).cTnT,MDA and expression of NF-kB were lower than that in adenosine venous infusion group (P<0.05).Conclusion Adenosine preconditioning may mimic protective effect of ischemic preconditioning. The effect on myocardial protection of adenosine in ventricular group was better than that of adenosine venous infusion group.     

手术治疗咽旁颞下区肿瘤11例报告

咽旁颞下区肿瘤常需手术摘除。由于该区解剖较复杂 ,手术时不易暴露 ,因此正确选择手术入路 ,暴露及保护重要神经、大血管是手术成功的关键。现将作者手术治疗的 11例 ,报告如下。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料 :本文 11例中男性 10例 ,女性 1例 ,年龄 14～ 58岁。恶性肿瘤 3例 (耵聍腺 1例 ,恶性神经鞘瘤 1例 ,腮腺混合瘤恶变 1例 ) ,良性肿瘤 8例 (腮腺混合瘤 2例 ,神经源性肿瘤 4例 ,造釉细胞瘤 1例 ,间叶瘤 1例 )。 6例术前进行了 CT或颈动脉造影检查 ,1例术前进行了 MRI检查 ,肿瘤均未侵入颅内 ,颈内动脉穿过肿瘤 1例 ,被推压于肿瘤后外…     

中西医结合治疗肛门尖锐湿疣疗效观察

目的:观察中西医结合治疗肛门尖锐湿疣的疗效,探讨降低该病复发率的有效治疗方案。方法:将158例患者随机分为治疗组98例和对照组60例。治疗组采用微波凝固、自体疣皮下埋植、中药湿毒清洗剂坐浴的中西医结合综合疗法;对照组单纯微波治疗。结果:半年后治疗组与对照组的痊愈率分别为89.8%和41.7%;复发率为10.2%和58.3%。两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。结论:该法治疗肛门尖锐湿疣疗效显著,大大降低了临床复发率,值得推广应用。     

中药内服坐浴治疗肛门湿疹疗效观察

目的:观察中药内服坐浴治疗肛门急性、亚急性湿疹的疗效.方法:将92例患者随机分为治疗组60例和对照组32例,治疗组采用萆薢渗湿汤合三黄汤内服配合止痒洗剂坐浴,对照组内服强的松片并用西药对症外敷.结果:治疗组总有效率98.33%、治愈率91.67%;对照组分别为81.25%和62.5%,两组比较有显著或非常显著性差异(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).对肛周皮损、瘙痒等症状的控制,治疗组均明显优于对照组(P＜0.01).结论:萆薢渗湿汤合三黄汤内服配合止痒洗剂坐浴对肛门急性、亚急性湿疹有显着疗效,值得临床推广应用.     

提高医用化学实验效率的探索示例

医用化学实验课时和教改前相比,有较大幅度的压缩。本文分析了我校医用化学实验课的现状,提出通过在实验课剩余时间插入微型实验的方法,提高实验课教学效率的可能性,并列举实例。