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排序方式: 共有1794条查询结果,搜索用时 16 毫秒
1.
目的通过载药量对后交联凝胶贴膏流变学及体外经皮渗透特性的影响,考察后交联凝胶贴膏基质的载药量。方法采用流变学技术测定不同载药量时胶料的各项流变学参数,并以祖师麻乙醇提取物为模型药物,以祖师麻甲素的累积透过率及皮肤滞留率为指标,对成品贴膏进行体外经皮渗透试验,确定基质载药量。结果当载药量在4.0%~12.4%时,含药胶料的结构强度、黏弹性、耐温耐剪切性及抗变形能力、稳定性均符合要求,其中以载药量为6.8%时最佳;祖师麻甲素的累积透过率随载药量逐渐增大,皮肤滞留率分别变化不明显。结论通过比较流变学及体外经皮渗透试验结果,确定基质处方的最佳载药量为6.8%。  相似文献   
2.
目的:制备同时适合于黄芩素、黄连素及大蒜素3种中药成分的自乳化载体体系,并考察这3种自乳化制剂的体外透皮吸收效果。方法:采用饱和溶解度法、伪三元相图法、正交试验筛选最佳的空白处方组成及基质用量。以Franz扩散池和离体大鼠皮肤进行体外透皮吸收试验,采用HPLC分别测定3种自乳化制剂中黄芩素、黄连素及大蒜素的累积透皮渗透量,并分别与黄芩素散剂、黄连素散剂及大蒜素散剂进行比较。结果:最佳处方为油酸乙酯-聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油40-聚乙二醇400载体体系,所形成的自乳化制剂粒径适宜,其微观形态呈较规整的球形。透皮吸收10 h,黄芩素、黄连素及大蒜素3种自乳化制剂的药物透皮速率分别为6.898 6,7.600 4,190.040μg·cm~(-2)·h~(-1),累积透皮渗透量分别为71.38,85.54,1 795.16μg·cm~(-2)。结论:成功制备了不同种类中药成分均能使用的自乳化载体体系,且该自乳化制剂的体外透皮吸收效果良好,可为后续中药复方自乳化制剂的制备及其透皮给药吸收研究提供实验依据。  相似文献   
3.
In this study, drug flux through microporated skin was modeled using detailed numerical solution of the diffusion equation. The results of the modeling were compared to previously published simplified and easy to use analytical equations. Limitations and accuracy of these equations were investigated. Appropriate modifications of the equations were identified to expand them to wider practical applications when pore shape is not circular. Numerical simulations have shown a good accuracy of the new simple equations when these are used within their limits of application.  相似文献   
4.
对近几年来上市的经皮制剂进行文献整理和归纳,通过查阅相关文献,对贴剂、软膏剂、凝胶剂、乳膏剂、泡沫剂、洗剂等经皮给药制剂的特点、上市时间、作用、不良反应等进行总结。经皮制剂是药物通过皮肤吸收的一类外用递药给药系统,可以局部给药也可以全身给药,具有安全性高、毒副作用小、使用方便的优点,是目前国内外研究的热点。  相似文献   
5.
Abstract

The main object of this current research was to examine transferosomes as a transdermal delivery system for insulin, to overwhelm the difficulties related with its subcutaneous delivery. Transferosomal gel formulations were prepared by rotary evaporation sonication technique. The result revealed that insulin was successfully entrapped (78%) in optimized formulations (2.5 I.U. of the drug and 25% of sodium cholate) with cumulative percent drug release (83.11?±?3.782). The glucose lowering study revealed that the transferosomal gel with chemical penetration enhancer showed better glucose lowering effect as compared to the control gel. Consequently, this study authenticated that the transferosomal gel can be used as a possible substitute to the conventional formulations of insulin with progressive permeation characteristics for transdermal application.  相似文献   
6.

Background

Poor exercise tolerability is a major barrier to improving the quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although COPD is often treated with long-acting β2 adrenergic agonists, few studies have examined their effects on exercise tolerability.

Methods

In this study, Japanese COPD patients were treated with 2 mg transdermal tulobuterol, a long-acting β2 agonist, once daily for 4 weeks. Spirometry and exercise tests were conducted at baseline and at the end of treatment. The patients conducted constant load (30 W for 5 min) and incremental load (starting at 10 W and increasing by 10 W every 1 min for 5 min to a maximum load of 50 W) exercise tests on a cycle ergometer.

Results

Thirteen patients with stable COPD participated in this study (mean age ± standard deviation (SD), 69.5±9.7 years; smoking history 55.9±27.8 pack-years). Resting spirometric parameters were unchanged at the end of treatment. The maximum Borg scale for dyspnea and the Borg scale slope (BSS) decreased significantly from baseline to the end of treatment. The threshold load of dyspnea (TLD) increased slightly, although not significantly, in the constant load test but not in the incremental load test. There were no changes in respiratory parameters during exercise after treatment.

Conclusions

In conclusion, we found that treatment with transdermal tulobuterol for 4 weeks improved self-assessed dyspnea in Japanese COPD patients during constant and incremental exercise tests. This improvement in dyspnea may encourage patients to perform daily life activities or regular physical activity.  相似文献   
7.
张念海 《中外医疗》2016,(22):34-36
目的:探讨分析芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗癌痛的临床疗效。方法整群选取2015年4月—2016年4月间来该院治疗的112例中重度癌痛且阿片耐受的患者,对所有患者给予芬太尼透皮贴剂止痛治疗,分析对比治疗前后其疼痛评分、生活质量变化及不良反应。结果经治疗15 d、30 d后患者疼痛评分分别为(1.86±1.20)分、(1.45±1.10)分,经治疗15 d、30 d后生活质量评分(88.92±7.56)分、(90.68±7.36)分,以上指标均较治疗前差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而且在所有癌痛患者中,不良反应主要为便秘、恶心、呕吐、瘙痒、头晕、镇静、口干等轻微症状,经对症处理后均能得到显著缓解,无人出现严重呼吸抑制或药物成瘾。结论对中、重度癌痛且阿片耐受的患者应用芬太尼透皮贴剂治疗,能显著改善其疼痛症状及生活质量,同时无严重不良反应发生,安全性较高,值得临床治疗中推广应用。  相似文献   
8.
9.
Novel protamine-based nanosystems have been studied for cyclosporine-A (CsA) skin delivery. Core-shell structure systems have been developed to this end. These vehicles have particles sizes of 200–300?nm, a low polydispersity index and a zeta potential which varies between ?16?mV and +35?mV. The resulting four nanosystems efficiently encapsulated CsA in their oily nucleus (60–80%) and released this drug in a controlled manner. These formulations have shown a high stability in aqueous suspension in storage conditions at 4?°C (for at least 21?months) and in acetate buffer at a physiological temperature of 37?°C (for at least 24?h). Ex vivo transdermal diffusion experiments using Franz diffusion cells and 2- to 3-day-old pig skin as a biological barrier were performed. All nanoformulations designed produced an increase in CsA transdermal delivery and two of these nanosystems presented a marked promoting effect; the more relevant parameters were smaller particle size (200?±?7?nm) and negative superficial charge. Finally, the ability of these nanosystems to enhance retention of CsA in the skin was also studied. The protamine disposition in the shell influenced CsA skin retention. Therefore, the incorporation of CsA into the nanosystems studied here makes them suitable vehicles for CsA transdermal administration.  相似文献   
10.
中药经皮给药有悠久的应用历史,脂质体作为新型载体用于中药活性成分的经皮给药可以提升药物在局部的皮内滞留或(和)透皮吸收效果,从而显著改善药效。该文从皮肤屏障的特点、中药经皮给药概况、脂质体促进经皮吸收的机制与影响因素、中药经皮给药脂质体的皮内滞留、中药经皮给药脂质体的透皮吸收等5个方面对相关研究进展进行了综述,涉及常规脂质体以及传递体、醇质体、萜质体、甘油体、表面修饰脂质体等新型脂质体的应用,并提出了坚持正确的研究方向、提升制剂技术水平和提高研究技术水平三方面的展望。   相似文献   
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