Transarterial Chemoembolization vs Radioembolization for Neuroendocrine Liver Metastases: A Multi-Institutional Analysis

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Comparison between a new platelet count drop method PL-11, light transmission aggregometry,VerifyNow aspirin system and thromboelastography for monitoring short-term aspirin effects in healthy individuals

Platelet function has been described by many laboratory assays, and PL-11 is a new point-of-care platelet function analyzer based on platelet count drop method, which counts platelet before and after the addition of agonists in the citrated whole blood samples. The present study sought to compare PL-11 with other three major more established assays, light transmission aggregometry (LTA), VerifyNow? aspirin system and thromboelastography (TEG), for monitoring the short-term aspirin responses in healthy individuals. Ten healthy young men took 100?mg/d aspirin for 3-day treatment. Platelet function was measured via PL-11, LTA, VerifyNow and TEG, respectively. The blood samples were collected at baseline, 2 hour, 1 day during the aspirin treatment and 1 day, 5?±?1 days, 8?±?1 days after the aspirin withdrawal. Moreover, 90 additional healthy subjects were recruited to establish a reference range for PL-11. Platelet function of healthy subjects decreased significantly 2 hours after 100?mg/d aspirin intake and began to recover during 4–6 days after the aspirin withdrawal. Correlations between methods were PL-11 vs. LTA (r?=?0.614, p?<?0.01); PL-11 vs. VerifyNow (r?=?0.829, p?<?0.01); PL-11 vs. TEG (r?=?0.697, p?<?0.001). There was no significant bias between PL-11 and LTA at baseline (bias?=?1.94%, p?=?0.804) using Bland-Altman analysis, while the data of PL-11 were significantly higher than LTA (bias?=?24.02%, p?<?0.001) during the aspirin therapy. The reference range for PL-11 in healthy young individuals was from 66.8 to 90.5% (95%CI). When aspirin low-responsiveness was defined as LTA?>?20%, the cut-off values for each method were, respectively: PL-11?>?50%, VerifyNow?>?533 ARU, TEG?>?60.2%. The results of different platelet function assays were uninterchangeable for monitoring aspirin response and correlations among them were also varied. Correlations among PL-11 and other three major assays suggested the ability of PL-11 to assess the treatment effects of aspirin. But a large cohort study is needed to confirm the cut-off value of aspirin response detected by PL-11.     

In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation and Hepatic Clearance-Dependent Underprediction

Accurately predicting the hepatic clearance of compounds using in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) is crucial within the pharmaceutical industry. However, several groups have recently highlighted the serious error in the process. Although empirical or regression-based scaling factors may be used to mitigate the common underprediction, they provide unsatisfying solutions because the reasoning behind the underlying error has yet to be determined. One previously noted trend was intrinsic clearance-dependent underprediction, highlighting the limitations of current in vitro systems. When applying these generated in vitro intrinsic clearance values during drug development and making first-in-human dose predictions for new chemical entities though, hepatic clearance is the parameter that must be estimated using a model of hepatic disposition, such as the well-stirred model. Here, we examine error across hepatic clearance ranges and find a similar hepatic clearance-dependent trend, with high clearance compounds not predicted to be so, demonstrating another gap in the field.     

基于子宫内膜异位症与恶性肿瘤的相关性探析补肾化瘀法作用机制及中医理论依据

子宫内膜异位症其异位内膜组织虽然在形态学上呈良性表现，却具有类似恶性肿瘤的生物学特性。中医学一般认为，“正虚伏邪”为恶性肿瘤的病机特点；那么，肾虚血瘀既属于“正虚伏邪”的范畴，又体现了EMs发病学和疾病发生、发展过程中的主要特点。在“病证相应”的中医治则之下，补肾化瘀法的临床疗效主要表现为：缓解痛经症状、提高受孕率，以及调整月经周期。本文基于EMs与恶性肿瘤的相关性，通过分析补肾化瘀法治疗EMs的理论依据及其抑制异位内膜侵袭的调控机制，主要包括解除免疫抑制、阻断局部微血管新生等，旨在阐明其疗效显著的原因，为临床推广提供可靠的基础研究证据。     

社区老年患者拔牙的临床特点分析

目的：通过对近两年社区卫生服务中心327例老年病人拔牙临床观察，探讨基层社区老年病人的特点。方法：通过心理、精神和技术方面的配合，安全顺利地完成拔牙术。结果：除5例病人术后感头晕外，其余均顺利完成且病人满意。结论：社区卫生服务中心除具备熟练的技术外，医患之间心理沟通是必不可少的。     

山药粗多糖的提取工艺

对鲜山药中水溶性粗多糖的提取工艺进行了研究,通过单因素试验和L9（34）正交试验,研究了料液比、提取温度、时间和乙醇体积分数对粗多糖得率的影响,极差分析及方差分析结果表明提取温度和料液比是影响山药粗多糖提取的主要因素,较优的工艺为料液比1 g：9 mL,温度50 ℃,时间2.5 h,乙醇体积分数75%,在此工艺条件下,鲜山药粗多糖得率为0.2449%（以鲜山药质量计）.     

酶法浸提枸杞的研究

通过对外源酶酶解枸杞效果的研究，结果表明：外源酶能显著提高枸杞浸提液中可溶性固形物和营养成分的含量，其单一纤维素酶和木瓜蛋白酶浸提枸杞的适宜pH值分别是5．0～5．5和pH值6．0，适宜的酶质量浓度分别为0．20g／dL和0．40～0．60g／dL，温度分别为55．C和65℃，适宜时间都为50-60min；两种酶组合浸提枸杞的较适pH值、温度、时间和酶组合分别为pH值5．5～6．0，55-60℃．50min和0．20g／dL纤维素酶＋0．40g／dL木瓜蛋白酶。     

经穹隆结膜入路埋线法重睑成形术应用探讨

目的:通过分析重睑形成原理,综合比较多种重睑成形的方法,讨论埋线法重睑成形术的优点和可行性。方法:对387例患者行经穹隆结膜入路间断缝合埋线法重睑术。其中88例为其他方法埋线后重睑线消失的患者。结果:手术方法可靠,术后所形成的重睑外形良好,重睑维持时间长。最长随访时间38个月。结论:此方法因符合重睑形成原理,可以充分的将较多的上睑提肌腱膜与上睑皮肤结扎固定、故术后所形成的重睑牢固。且在直视下经穹隆结膜入路,降低了对眼球组织损伤的危险性。是埋线法重睑成形术一种可靠的手术方法。     

启发式教学在生理学教学中的应用研究

针对生理学课程理论抽象、实验操作复杂等特点,阐述了启发式教学方法取代传统填鸭式教学方法的必然性。因生理学教学难度大、实验操作条件高,故着重介绍了问答式、讨论式、演绎式、归纳式、直观式等五种启发式教学方法在生理学教学中的应用。     

外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混和痔800例

目的观察和评价外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混合痔的近期疗效.方法作者采用外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混和痔800例.结果近期治愈788例,治愈率98.5%,好转12例,好转率1.5%.治愈天数10～21天.结论外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混合痔简单实用,手术时间短,术后痛苦小,伤面愈合快,并发症少,无后遗症,复发率低,是治疗混合痔的较好方法.