Two new sesquiterpene lactones from leaves of yacon,Smallanthus sonchifolius

The chemical constituents of 95% EtOH extract of yacon leaves were separated to yield two new sesquiterpene lactones, together with three known compounds. The two new compounds were characterized to be 8β-angeloyloxy-13-methoxyl-11, 13-dihydromelampolid-14-oic acid methyl ester (1) and 8β-(3-methylbut-2-enoyl) oxy-13-methoxyl-11, 13-dihydromelampolid-14-oic acid methyl ester (2) on the basis of NMR spectra, HR-MS and other spectroscopic methods. The cytotoxicity of compounds 1–5 were evaluated on human hepatoma cell Bel-7402 and all the compounds showed moderate cytotoxicity.     

海南黄皮枝叶的化学成分研究

目的研究黄皮属植物海南黄皮Clausena hainanensis枝叶中的化学成分。方法综合运用硅胶柱色谱、反相硅胶柱色谱和Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱以及制备型高效液相色谱等方法进行系统分离,根据化合物的理化性质及其波谱学数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果从海南黄皮枝叶的90%乙醇提取物中分离得到了18个化合物,分别鉴定为mukonine(1)、methyl carbazole-3-carboxylate(2)、lansine(3)、murrayanine(4)、3-甲酰基咔唑(5)、3-甲酰基-6-甲氧基咔唑(6)、lansamide4(7)、4-methoxy-N-methyl-2-quinolone(8)、(E)-N-(4-methoxyphenethyl)-2-methylbut-2-enamide(9)、(E)-N-甲基肉桂酰胺(10)、N-(2-羟基-2-苯乙基)肉桂酰胺(11)、N-苯甲酰酪胺(12)、aurantiamide(13)、N-methyl-2-pyrolidinone(14)、香豆酸(15)、6,8-dimethoxy-4,5-dimethyl-3-methyleneisochromanl-one(16)、8-甲氧基补骨脂素(17)和异黑麦草内酯(18)。其中化合物1~14为生物碱类化合物,15为酚酸类化合物,16为异香豆素类化合物,17为香豆素类化合物,18为倍半萜类化合物。结论首次对海南黄皮中的化学成分进行了系统研究,所有化合物均为首次从海南黄皮中分离得到,化合物12~16为首次从黄皮属植物中分离得到。     

异型南五味子根茎中倍半萜类化学成分及其细胞毒活性

目的:对异型南五味子根茎中的倍半萜类化合物进行分离、结构鉴定和细胞毒活性研究。方法:将药材异型南五味子根茎阴干,粉碎成粗粉,用95%乙醇提取3次,每次1 h。减压回收提取液至无醇味后,将提取液用水分散,过聚酰胺柱色谱,依次用不同体积分数乙醇洗脱,得到水洗脱物,30%乙醇洗脱物,60%乙醇洗脱物和95%乙醇洗脱物。30%乙醇洗脱部位过小孔树脂柱色谱(MIC),不同体积分数乙醇洗脱MCI树脂,得到水洗脱物,30%乙醇洗脱物,50%乙醇洗脱物和95%乙醇洗脱物,50%乙醇洗脱物为富集得到的总倍半萜部位。以甲醇-水为流动相,用中压制备液相色谱对总倍半萜类部位进行分离,用TLC和HPLC对得到的组分进行合并。对于含有倍半萜的组分用高效液相色谱进行分离,分离得到单体化合物。得到的单体化合物用ESI-MS和NMR谱学技术进行结构确定。结果:从异型南五味子根茎中获得8个倍半萜类化合物,结构分别鉴定为1α-hydroxy-9-deoxycacalol(1),balsamiferine B(2),balsamiferine D(3),chaetopenoid A(4),chaetopenoid B(5),asterothamnone A(6),asterothamnone B(7),and 10-dehydroxy-melleoliede B(8)。体外抗肿瘤活性筛选表明,化合物2,6,7对人肝癌细胞(SMMC7721)具有抑制活性,半数抑制浓度分别为10.6,9.5和15.5μmol·L~(-1)。结论:倍半萜化合物1~8为从南五味子属植物中首次获得。     

Sesquiterpene lactones of Aucklandia lappa: Pharmacology,pharmacokinetics, toxicity,and structure–activity relationship

The medicinal part of Aucklandia lappa(Asteraceae) is its dried root,which is one of the commonly used Chinese medicinal materials.Here we reviewed sesquiterpene lactones isolated from A.lappa over the past ten years in the following aspects of pharmacological activities,pharmacokinetics,toxicology,structure-activity relationship.Pharmacological activities consist of anti-cancer,anti-inflammatory activity,anti-immunity activity,anti-oxidant activity,antimicrobial activity,spasmolytic activity and so on.The extractive,showing similar pharmacokinetics parameters,may exert their various biological activities by the interaction of their α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone moiety with the thiol groups of biomacromolecules through Michael-addition.However,the poor aqueous solubility,non-selective binding as a Michael acceptor at undesired targets limited clinical translation of this class.In order to evaluate the potential effect of the extractive applied in clinical trial,the present review outlines information on pharmacological activities,pharmacokinetics,toxicology,and structure-activity relationship,as well as the future research directions of the extractive for further development and utilization of A.lappa.     

白木香倍半萜合成酶As-SesTPS1基因的克隆、生物信息学和表达分析

目的基于前期对白木香Aquilaria sinensis转录组测序结果,从白木香总RNA中克隆白木香倍半萜合成酶基因(As-Ses TPS1),并对其进行生物信息学及表达分析。方法利用逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)从白木香总RNA中获得倍半萜合成酶基因As-Ses TPS1的c DNA全长序列;利用生物信息学手段对该序列进行相似性和同源性分析,并预测其编码蛋白的结构和功能;利用q RT-PCR技术检测该基因在白木香不同样品中的表达水平。结果得到倍半萜合成酶基因As-Ses TPS1,开放阅读框(ORF)全长1 671 bp,编码556个氨基酸,其与多条倍半萜合成酶基因具有较高相似性,并含有RRx8W和DDxx D的保守序列;该基因在白木香的沉香样品中高表达。结论 As-Ses TPS1的克隆及其生物信息学和在白木香不同部位表达差异性分析,为白木香倍半萜生物合成代谢途径的研究奠定基础。     

Alantolactone,a sesquiterpene lactone,inhibits breast cancer growth by antiangiogenic activity via blocking VEGFR2 signaling

Alantolactone (ALA), a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from several medicinal plants such as Inula helenium, has been identified to have attractive anticancer activity. However, its role in the inhibition of angiogenesis during tumor development remains unclear. In this study, we found ALA can inhibit the proliferation, motility, migration, and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. ALA also restrained angiogenesis in chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane and delayed the growth of human MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer xenograft in mice through angiogenesis inhibition. Furthermore, ALA suppressed the phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and its downstream protein kinase including PLCγ1, FAK, Src, and Akt in endothelial cells. Taken together, the antiangiogenic activity of ALA and its molecular mechanism are identified for the first time, indicating that ALA may be a potential drug candidate or lead compound for antiangiogenic cancer therapy.     

Two new sesquiterpene lactones from the supercritical fluid extract of Centipeda minima

Two new sesquiterpene lactones, minimolides G (1) and H (2), were isolated from the supercritical fluid extract of Centipeda minima. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive analyses of spectroscopic data including IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR. Compounds 1 and 2 displayed inhibitory activity against human nasopharyngeal cancer cell line (CNE) with IC₅₀ values of 61.4 and 28.7 μM, respectively.