Aspergillus Iris Granuloma: A Case Report with Review of Literature

We report the case of a 25-year-old male patient who presented with complaints of redness, photophobia, and decreased vision in the right eye of a week's duration. Slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination revealed a cream-colored, irregular elevated inferior iris mass, extending on to the anterior lens surface. Differential diagnoses of a fungal granuloma, a medulloepithelioma, and an amelanotic melanoma were considered. An excisional biopsy of the mass was performed through a superior clear corneal incision. Polymerase chain reaction analysis of the aqueous humor showed a positive pan fungal genome. Histopathology of the biopsied mass showed a giant cell granuloma with surrounding numerous branching, septate hyphae. Culture growth revealed Aspergillus fumigatus We report this case because of the rarity of Aspergillus iris granuloma as a primary presentation of endogenous Aspergillosis and review the relevant literature. Absence of a significant systemic history compounded the diagnostic dilemma in our patient. Definitive differentiation of this rare entity from a foreign body, amelanotic melanoma, and other inflammatory conditions such as sarcoidosis and tuberculosis, may be possible only on microbiological and histo-pathological evaluation.     

Possible mechanisms related to contraction of the bovine iris sphincter in the presence of acetylcholine and carbachol

Using tension-recording methods, we compared the effects of acetylcholine (Ach) and carbachol on the bovine iris sphincter. The isolated muscle strips were mounted in a 0.2 ml organ bath, through which Krebs solution at 36 °C flowed continuously. There was a tenthousandfold difference in potency between carbachol and Ach in this tissue. Neostigmine or eserine, acetylcholinesterase (AchE) inhibitors, produced a larger contraction of the muscle than did Ach. Ach-induced contractions were potentiated by low doses of anti-AchEs and were inhibited by atropine.This in vitro study suggests that Ach and/or endogenous chemical agents may be spontaneously released from tissues and that AchE activities in this tissue strongly inhibit or mask the Ach action, probably in order to protect the nerve terminals from released Ach.     

复方金荞麦颗粒治疗肺癌1000例临床疗效观察

目的 总结复方金荞麦颗粒治疗肺癌的疗效。方法 对1000例各种类型的肺癌患者采用复方金荞麦颗粒5g，3次·d^-1 口服，同时辅以中药汤剂治疗，3mo为1疗程，病情稳定后逐渐减量维持。结果本组1000例患者经3mo～15a以上治疗，基本治愈181例（18．1％），显效518例（51．8％），有效204例（20．4％），无效97例（9．7％），总有效率为90．3％。结论 复方金荞麦颗粒为抗肿瘤的纯中药制剂，具有明显抑制肿瘤细胞生长、增强免疫功能、提高患者生存质量等功效，尤其是对失去手术治疗机会、不能接受化疗和放疗的肺癌患者具有较好疗效。     

Significance of various systemic and ocular parameters in the long-term prognosis after diabetic vitrectomy

The presence or absence of retinal detachment, especially detachment of the macula, was the most critical parameter predicting visual outcome, and long duration of detachment worsened the prognosis (P=0.0084). In contrast, the time interval from vitreous haemorrhage to surgery did not associate with the long-term visual outcome. Pre-operative visual acuity of counting fingers 1 m or better was associated with favourable visual outcome (P=0.0032). Other pre- or per-operative parameters (e.g. aphakia, iris rubeosis, extent of photocoagulation, retinal breaks) did not associate with visual prognosis significantly.Significant association between general parameters and visual outcome was found only in the group of traction retinal detachment where loss of vision was related to shorter duration of diabetes (P=0.0213), and shorter duration of background retinopathy (P=0.0300), and proliferative retinopathy (P=0.0072).     

Disorders of perfusion of the anterior segment of the eye

Background: We have investigated the vascular perfusion of a wide variety of conditions of the anterior segment using fluorescein angiography.
Methods: The conditions were classified and findings reported according to the system set out below. Patients underwent full ocular examination. Fluorescein angiography of the anterior segment was carried out when indicated to investigate iris atrophy and neovascularisation. Specular microscopy of the corneal endothelium was used to detect changes in this tissue.
Results: The hypoperfusion was variable in degree and accompanied by varying degrees of iris hypoplasia and atrophy with neovascularisation. The degree of neovascularisation depended upon its rapidity of development, the pre-existing state of vascular perfusion and the underlying pathological condition.
Conclusions: Hypoperfusion with resultant ischaemia and neovascularisation is common in conditions of the anterior segment. An understanding of the changes is valuable in treating many conditions affecting the anterior segment. The changes observed may also occur elsewhere in the physical system and may be a significant part of the ageing process, either as scattered, disparate processes or as part of a general disease process.     

杆状病毒介导LacZ基因转染体外培养的人虹膜色素上皮细胞

目的：研究重组杆状病毒(baculovinus)载体介导β—半乳糖苷酶基因(LacZ)对体外培养虹膜色素上皮(IPE)细胞的转染和表达情况。方法：将质粒pCMV—β中的CMV—LacZ表达盒插入杆状病毒表达栽体pFast BacI的Eco RI／Hind Ⅲ位点，构建重组质粒pBac—β，并利用Bac—to—Bac表达系统在Sf9细胞中产生出重组杆状病毒BV—β。将MOI为200的BV—β感染经酶消化加显微法分离培养的IPE细胞，24h后进行X-gal染色。在显微镜下观察IPE中LacZ表达阳性的情况，记录阳性细胞所占的百分比。结果：限制性酶切分析及测序结果表明，我们已成功构建表达质粒pBac—β及重组杆状病毒BV—β。X-gal染色证实杆状病毒介导LacZ在细胞中的表达呈蓝色，弥漫于整个胞浆。感染后24h时表达阳性率达85％。结论：重组杆状病毒可有效介导报告基因在体外培养的IPE细胞中表达，为利用杆状病毒构建可供移植的基因工程化虹膜色素上皮细胞提供了实验依据。     

兔眼虹膜组织力学特性的实验研究

利用我们创建的将兔眼蝉孔水密缝合后，模拟眼内前后房压强差，对虹膜整体进行加压的实验方法，对兔眼虹膜的力学特性进行了实验研究。结果表明：兔眼虹膜是典型的粘弹性物质；面积模量与前后方压强差之间基本成线性关系。实验结果可为青光眼致盲机制解释和瞳孔阻滞力的估算提供参考。     

Duplication of distal 22q

We report on three patients with duplication of distal 22q. One patient is a de novo carrier of the translocation t(21;22) (p13;q11), the other two are offspring of a translocation carrier t(10;22) (q26;q12). The clinical manifestations of these patients demonstrate the variability of the dup(22q) syndrome.     

虹膜组织力学特性及瞳孔阻滞力定量研究的方法学探索

目的:寻找一种能对虹膜本构关系以及原发性闭角型青光眼瞳孔阻滞力进行定量研究的方法,为闭角型青光眼的早期诊断及治疗方法的选择和治疗效果的评价提供一种定量标准.方法:根据瞳孔阻滞产生机制,设计瞳孔阻滞力仿真方法;依据力学原理和自定义的虹膜面应变、面积模量等建立虹膜的本构关系.结果:设计了一种不破坏虹膜正常功能和形态学结构,对虹膜组织力学特性及瞳孔阻滞力进行定量研究的方法.