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1.
天麻素是我国名贵中药材天麻中的一种主要活性成分,具有降血压、抗癫痫、抑制肿瘤、保护神经等多方面的药理活性。随着市场对天麻素需求的不断增长以及传统获取方法固有的问题,导致急需新的方法来解决天麻素生产实际中面临的各项困难。生物合成法是一种有别于传统获取法的新方法,已在天麻素获取上取得了较大进展和成果,故现阶段有必要从天麻素生物合成途径、植物转化法和微生物转化法3个方面,对天麻素生物合成进行系统地阐述,从而为进一步改进和完善天麻素生产方法,以满足人们对其不断增长的需求提供有价值的参考。 相似文献
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Total global biodiversity is estimated at between 3 and 500 × 106 species of prokaryote and eukaryote organisms spread across 70 or more phyla. The marine macrofauna alone are estimated between 0.5 and 30 × 106 species and represents a broader range of taxonomic diversity than that found in the terrestrial environment, which has been the traditional source of natural products. With a typical eukaryote possessing 50,000 genes, the global marine macrofauna are the source of 2.5 × 1010 to 1.5 × 1012 primary products and an associated extensive range of secondary products. However, only a few thousand novel compounds from marine organisms have been described. These compounds have proven unique in chemical and pharmacological terms but, as yet, no therapeutic agents have resulted. Given a broader drug discovery strategy, and facilitated by technological advances, it is predicted that the characterisation of marine chemical diversity will be accelerated. Strategies for drug discovery from the virtually untapped chemical diversity of marine organisms are discussed. © 1994 Wiley-Less, Inc. 相似文献
4.
一些损伤和疾病平时罕见,特殊情况下可以发生,造成严重危害。特殊情况主要包括严重事故、灾害、战争、恐怖主义活动以及特殊环境与特殊作业的危害等。本阐述了现代战争中发生的贫铀武器伤害、燃料空气炸弹伤害、微波武器伤害和战时精神疾病;可能源于恐怖主义活动的炭疽、天花;严重事故性伤害中的核事故、化学事故和煤矿事故伤害;严重灾害中的地震、海难(海战)落海伤害。中介绍了这些伤病的发生情况、伤害特点与医学救治。 相似文献
5.
Acute nonlymphatic leukemia among deck officers on coastal tankers: a report of two cases 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ralph I. Nilsson Jan Carneskog Bengt G. Jrvholm Rolf G. Nordlinder 《American journal of industrial medicine》1988,14(6):657-659
Deck officers on coastal tankers may be exposed to high concentrations of cargo vapors during loading and tank-cleaning operations. Two cases of acute nonlymphatic leukemia are described. Both men had worked as chief officers on coastal tankers transporting benzene and other petroleum products. 相似文献
6.
I. M. Baibekov B. Z. Kasymov T. A. Sagatov 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1997,123(4):406-409
Intragastral administration of the pesticides Sumi-alpha and Omait to rats significantly increases the number of parietal
microorganisms in the jejunum, ileum, and particularly in the cecum. Electron microscopy shows that parietal microorganisms
invade goblet cells during secretion and then enter prismatic cells via the lateral plasma membrane. The number of parietal
microorganisms entering enterocytes after Sumi-alpha is higher than after less toxic Omait, reaching the maximum 5 h after
administration.
Translated fromByulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 123, No. 4, pp. 467–470, April, 1997 相似文献
7.
G. A. Van der Weijden M. F. Timmerman E. Reijerse G. N. Wolffe A. J. Van Winkelhoff U. Van der Velden 《Journal of clinical periodontology》1994,21(9):583-588
Abstract. The present study was carried out in a private periodontal practice. 8 clinical criteria were chosen to select patients for microbiological examination. These criteria characterize prominent features of disease which at the start, during, or in the maintenance phase of treatment suggest difficulties in the progress of the periodontal therapy. Based on these clinical characteristics, an inventory was made of the prevalence of the 3 putative periodontal pathogens: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia. Out of 320 referred patients 91 patients did meet 1 of the clinical criteria and consequently were selected for microbiological examination. Results showed that young patients (19–30 years) with periodontitis demonstrated the presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans more often (69%: p (0.005) compared to older age cohorts. A. actinomycetemcomitans was found more often when localized breakdown (in particular in the 1 st molar and incisor region) was observed and in patient who responded poorly to scaling and rootplaning. P. gingivalis and P. intermedia were most frequently recovered in patients showing primarily a bone loss pattern of angular defects of 5 mm. Retrospectively, these patients were further categorized, based on full mouth radiographs, in (1) patients with primarily horizontal bone loss and (2) patients with primarily angular bony defects. Results showed that A. actinomycetemcomitans occurred less frequently in patients showing horizontal bone loss ( p (0.05). 相似文献
8.
A "reverse" hybridization method is described, in which whole chromosomal DNA was extracted from 10-20 colonies of "unknown" strains in pure culture and labelled with digoxigenin by a random primer technique. DNA probes were prepared from a total of 23 strains and hybridized with targets containing 100 ng purified, denatured DNA from 38 reference strains fixed to nitrocellulose. 21/23 digoxigenin-labelled DNA probes successfully detected all members of the homologous species present on filters. Probes to Fusobacterium nucleatum strains 364 and MG detected 3/4 and 1/4 members of this species, respectively; 13/23 probes were 100% specific, but cross reactions between 10 probes and DNA targets from closely related, heterologous species occurred in 15/834 possible instances. False-positive reactions that occurred between closely related species were, however, easily distinguished and did not prevent the accurate identification of probe strains. Digoxigenin-labelled probes were capable of detecting 100 pg of homologous DNA. The reverse hybridization procedure allows identification or grouping of a large number of isolates within 3 days and provides a more economical means of characterizing subgingival isolates than predominant cultivable techniques and conventional phenotypic testing. This method could be adapted for the direct identification of microorganisms in subgingival plaque samples. 相似文献
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10.
I. V. Stupin A. I. Novokshonov A. M. Domborvskii G. G. Belous M. Yu. Ivanov 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1990,110(4):1407-1409
Department of Experimental Surgery, Interfaculty Laboratory Complex, and Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, Postgraduate Medical Faculty, N. I. Pirogov Second Moscow Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR V. V. Kupriyanov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 110, No. 10, pp. 413–145, October, 1990. 相似文献