Correlation analysis of intestinal flora and pathological process of type 2 diabetes mellitus

ObjectiveTo observe the relationship between the different stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the intestinal flora and verify its underlying mechanism.MethodsT2DM rats were generated by high-fat diet (HFD) combined with intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ) injection. The rats were divided into four groups: the control group (fed with normal feed for 1 month), the HFD group (fed with HFD for 1 month), the T2DM group (HFD combined with STZ and blood glucose ≥11.1 mM), and the unformed T2DM model (Un-mod) group (HFD combined with STZ and blood glucose <11.1 mM). Feces were collected, and bacterial communities in the fecal samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces was measured by gas chromatography. Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression of G protein-coupled receptor 41 (GPR41) and GPR43.ResultsAt different stages of T2DM, the intestinal flora and SCFAs content of rats were significantly decreased (all P < .05). Our results indicated that g__Prevotella had a significant negative correlation, and g__Ruminococcus_torques_group and g__lachnoclastic had a significant positive correlation with blood glucose. The content of SCFAs, in particular acetate and butyrate, in rat feces of different stages of T2DM were significantly reduced, as well as GPR41 and GPR43 expression. The results in the Un-mod group were similar to the T2DM group, and the expression of GPR41 and GPR43 proteins were significantly higher than those in the T2DM group (both P < .001).ConclusionThe intestinal flora–SCFAs–GPR41/GPR43 network may be important in the development of T2DM. Decreasing blood glucose levels by regulating the intestinal flora may become a new therapeutic strategy for T2DM, which has very important clinical and social values.     

Renal NF-κB activation impairs uric acid homeostasis to promote tumor-associated mortality independent of wasting

1. Download : Download high-res image (141KB)
2. Download : Download full-size image

     

基于调控肠道菌群探讨中药防治脑卒中

肠道菌群是一个独特的生态系统,被称为人体"被遗忘的器官",被誉为人类的"第二基因组"。肠道菌群失调与许多中枢神经系统疾病相关,例如帕金森病、阿尔茨海默症、精神分裂症及多发性硬化等。脑卒中具有高的发病率、复发率、死亡率和致残率的特点。肠道菌群在脑卒中的发生、发展中起着关键的作用,可通过影响机体的吸收、代谢、血压、血糖、血脂及动脉粥样斑块等因素,进一步影响脑卒中的发病。中医认为脾胃气血流注失度、阴阳盛衰失衡,机体生理功能失调,化生"风、火、痰、虚、瘀"等病理产物,可致中风的发生。脾胃主腐熟运化水谷,肠道菌群影响饮食的消化吸收,现代研究的肠道菌群功能与中医之脾胃功能失调相关。因此,调整肠道菌群的稳态,可作为一个潜在的干预靶点预防和治疗缺血性脑卒中。中药干预脑卒中已经取得了很好的疗效,是否与调节肠道菌群有关,值得未来做进一步的研究。同时对中药有效成分(小檗碱、黄芩苷、白藜芦醇等),中药单方(丹参、红景天等)和中药组方(补阳还五汤、脑心通胶囊、补中益气汤等)防治脑缺血的研究进展进行综述,为缺血性脑卒中的预防和开发提供新的途径和思路。     

高血压与肠道菌群及其代谢物的相关性研究

肠道菌群在人体形成一个庞大而复杂的微生态系统，有重要的生理意义，参与人体的能量代谢、免疫调节等，肠道菌群及其代谢物在多种疾病的发生、发展中起着重要的作用。我国人群50年来高血压患病率呈明显上升趋势，目前我国约有2亿高血压患者，每10个成年人中有2人患高血压[1]。而在高血压的发生、发展过程中，肠道菌群及其代谢物起着重要作用。本文就高血压与肠道菌群及其代谢物的相关性研究做一综述。     

玉液汤对2型糖尿病肥胖患者肠道菌群及脂质代谢的影响

目的：探讨玉液汤对2型糖尿病肥胖患者肠道菌群及脂质代谢影响。方法：选取2017年2月至2019年2月广州市中医医院收治的2型糖尿病肥胖患者106例作为研究对象，按照就诊顺序分为对照组和观察组，每组53例。2组均给予基础治疗+药物治疗，观察组再加用玉液汤治疗。观察2组治疗前、完成治疗后肠道菌群、脂质代谢、中医症状积分、血糖相关指标、体质量、腰围、体质量指数(BMI)变化并比较。结果：2组治疗前各指标比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），完成治疗后观察组患者的中医症状积分、FINS、HOMA-IR、HbAlc、BMI、腰围、体质量、TC、TG、LDL-C、肠杆菌、酵母菌、肠球菌、畏寒肢冷、腰膝酸软、脘腹2组患者治疗后HDL-C、双岐杆菌、乳杆菌、拟杆菌均较治疗后明显上升，且观察组高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：玉液汤能改善2型糖尿病肥胖患者脂质代谢和临床症状，降低血糖，能调节肠道菌群紊乱，从而提高疗效。     

胃癌术后病人肠道菌群变化及其对围手术期恢复的影响

目的探讨胃癌术后病人肠道菌群的变化及其对病人术后围手术期恢复的影响。方法选择2018年6月至2019年6月南昌大学第二附属医院胃肠外科收治的行胃癌根治术的100例病人,对每位病人术前与术后的粪便进行菌群检测(双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌、大肠杆菌、链球菌),并根据病人术后有益菌相对丰度分为丰度高组和丰度低组,同时检测病人术后生化指标(白细胞计数、中性粒细胞百分比、C反应蛋白、淋巴细胞计数、淋巴细胞百分比、总蛋白、白蛋白和前白蛋白)。结果通过高通量测序检测胃癌病人手术前后菌群变化,发现胃癌术后病人双歧杆菌、嗜酸乳杆菌明显减少,大肠杆菌、链球菌明显增多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。100例病人中双歧杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌相对丰富的病人肠道功能恢复较早,炎症指标相对较低,免疫指数有所提高,同时提高总蛋白及白蛋白营养指标,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论胃癌术后病人肠道菌群发生改变,体内有益菌双歧杆菌、嗜乳酸杆菌减少,大肠杆菌、链球菌明显增加。同时体内有益菌减少会影响病人术后恢复,增加病人炎症反应,降低机体免疫能力,影响病人营养状态。