银杏叶制剂联合地塞米松在老年突聋治疗中对血清炎症指标的影响

目的: 探讨银杏叶制剂联合地塞米松在老年突聋治疗中对血清炎症指标的影响。方法: 按随机数字表法将我院2016年7月-2021年7月收治的102例老年突聋患者分入两组（各51例）。对照组用地塞米松治疗，治疗组加用银杏叶制剂治疗。观察两组治疗前后纯音听阈和血管内皮功能指标[超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、脂质过氧化物（LPO）、一氧化氮（NO）]、血清炎症指标[肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）]，分析其疗效与不良反应。结果: 与对照组比较，治疗组总有效率更高（96.08％vs 82.35％）（χ2=4.993，P=0.025）；两组治疗后各频率点阈值均下降，且相比对照组，治疗组治疗后各频率点阈值更低（P<0.05）；治疗后两组SOD、NO水平均升高，LPO水平降低（P<0.05），且相比对照组，治疗组治疗后SOD、NO水平更高，LPO水平更低（P<0.05）；治疗后两组血清TNF-α、CRP、IL-6水平降低，且相比对照组，治疗组TNF-α、CRP、IL-6水平更低（P<0.05）；治疗组不良反应发生率5.88％，对照组为9.80％，两组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0.543，χ2=0.461）。结论: 银杏叶制剂联合地塞米松治疗老年突聋患者疗效理想，能恢复各频率点听力，安全可靠，推测改善患者血管内皮功能和炎症因子水平是其重要作用机制。     

Key benefits of dexamethasone and antibody treatment in COVID-19 hamster models revealed by single-cell transcriptomics

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Factors associated with provision of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate to adolescents by US health care providers

ObjectiveIdentify factors associated with healthcare providers' frequency of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) provision to adolescents.Study designWe analyzed data from surveys mailed to a nationally representative sample of public-sector providers and office-based physicians (n=1984). We estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of factors associated with frequent DMPA provision to adolescents in the past year.ResultsAlthough most providers (>95%) considered DMPA safe for adolescents, fewer reported frequent provision (89% of public-sector providers; 64% of office-based physicians). Among public-sector providers, factors associated with lower odds of frequent provision included working in settings without Title X funding (aOR 0.44, 95% CI 0.30–0.64), reporting primary care as their primary clinical focus versus reproductive or adolescent health (aOR 0.42, 95% CI 0.28–0.61), and providing fewer patients with family planning services. Among office-based physicians, factors associated with lower odds of frequent provision included specializing in obstetrics/gynecology (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.27–0.91) and family medicine (aOR 0.21, 95% CI 0.09–0.47) versus adolescent medicine, completing training ≥15 versus <5 years ago (aOR 0.27, 95% CI 0.09–0.83), and reporting that 0–24% of patients pay with Medicaid or other government healthcare assistance versus ≥50% (aOR 0.23, 95% CI 0.09–0.61). The reason most commonly reported by providers for infrequent DMPA provision was patient preference for another method.ConclusionsWhile most providers reported frequently providing DMPA to adolescents, training on evidence-based recommendations for contraception, focused on subgroups of providers with lower odds of frequent DMPA provision, may increase adolescents' access to contraception.ImplicationsAlthough >95% of providers considered depot medroxyprogesterone (DMPA) a safe contraceptive for adolescents, only 89% of public-sector providers and 64% of office-based physicians reported frequently providing DMPA to adolescents. Provider training on evidence-based recommendations for contraception counseling and provision may increase adolescents' access to DMPA and all methods of contraception.     

Continuation of self-injected versus provider-administered contraception in Senegal: a nonrandomized,prospective cohort study

Objectives

The primary objective of this study was to compare the 12-month continuation rate for women who self-injected subcutaneous depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-SC) with that for women receiving intramuscular depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-IM) from a provider. This research contributes to the broader goal of identifying solutions to support women to use contraception for their full desired duration.

Neuroanatomical abnormalities related to dexamethasone exposure in survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated with chemotherapy only are at risk for neurocognitive impairment. Regions of interest were identified a priori based on glucocorticoid receptor distribution, and sex‐stratified multivariable linear regression models were used to test associations between brain MRI morphology and total number of intrathecal injections, and serum concentration of dexamethasone and methotrexate. Compared with controls, ALL survivors have persistently smaller volumes in the bilateral cerebellum (P < 0.005), hippocampal subregions (P < 0.03), temporal lobe regions (P < 0.03), frontal lobe regions (P < 0.04), and parietal lobe regions (precuneus; P < 0.002). Long‐term problems with learning may be related to residual posttreatment brain differences.     

炔雌醇环丙孕酮片用于PCOS不孕治疗中的效果

目的 分析炔雌醇环丙孕酮片(达英-35)、二甲双胍联合克罗米芬序贯用于治疗多囊卵巢综合征不孕的临床效果.方法 选取在医院接受治疗的多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者88例,选取时间为2017年10月—2018年12月,随机将所有患者分为2组,即对照组(44例)、观察组(44例),对照组患者行炔雌醇环丙孕酮片、克罗米芬序贯治疗,观察组患者行达英-35、二甲双胍联合克罗米芬序贯治疗.结果 经过治疗后,观察组患者的妊娠率为86.36%,明显高于对照组患者的妊娠率,数据差异显著,P<0.05;治疗后,两组患者的LH、FSH、T、E2等激素水平与治疗前对比,差异显著,P<0.05;治疗后,观察组患者的LH、FSH、T、E2等激素水平与对照组对比,数据差异较明显,P<0.05.结论 多囊卵巢综合征不孕患者接受炔雌醇环丙孕酮片、二甲双胍联合克罗米芬序贯治疗,可以改善患者的激素水平,提高患者的妊娠几率.     

地塞米松不同给药途径对下颌阻生第三磨牙拔除术后的疗效观察

目的:评价地塞米松不同给药途径(冠周局部注射和口服)在预防下颌阻生第三磨牙拔除术后肿胀、疼痛及张口受限中的疗效。方法:对480例患者的下颌阻生第三磨牙根据阻生类型进行分组(高位、中位、低位),每组中再分为实验组(拔牙术后局部注射地塞米松)和对照组(拔牙术后口服地塞米松),对患者术后第1、3、7天进行随访分析,对患者肿胀指数、疼痛程度和张口受限程度进行统计分析。结果:在拔牙术后第1天和第7天,高位组、中位组和低位组中的实验组与对照组在肿胀指数、疼痛程度和张口受限程度方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后第3天,高位组和中位组中的实验组与对照组在肿胀指数、疼痛程度和张口受限程度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),低位组中的实验组与对照组相比,在肿胀反应中具有更好的预防效果(P<0.05),在疼痛程度和张口受限程度中具有一定的缓解效果(P>0.05)。结论:下颌阻生第三磨牙拔除术后,冠周局部给予地塞米松能够防治和减轻术后肿胀、疼痛以及张口受限的发生。     

银杏叶提取物注射液联合醋酸泼尼松治疗突发性耳聋的疗效观察

目的:探析银杏叶提取物注射液联合醋酸泼尼松治疗突发性耳聋的疗效。方法:选取2017年6月-2019年3月期间我院耳鼻喉科收治的96例突发性耳聋患者,按随机数表法为研究组(48例)和对照组(48例)。给予对照组醋酸泼尼松治疗,而研究组在对照组基础上增加银杏叶提取物注射液治疗,比较两组治疗效果、中医证候积分、血液流变学指标[血细胞比容(Hematocrit,HCT)、血浆黏度(Plasma Viscosity,PV)、红细胞聚集指数(Erythrocyte Aggregation Index,EAI)]以及不良反应。结果:研究组治疗总有效率较对照组更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,研究组中医证候积分、HCT、PV及EAI水平均明显低于治疗前和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组均未出现不良反应。结论:银杏叶提取物注射液联合醋酸泼尼松治疗突发性耳聋安全、高效,可显著改善患者血液流变学,临床推广与应用价值较高。     

Nano-curcumin therapy,a promising method in modulating inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19 patients

BackgroundAs an ongoing worldwide health issue, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19) has been causing serious complications, including pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and multi-organ failure. However, there is no decisive treatment approach available for this disorder, which is primarily attributed to the large amount of inflammatory cytokine production. We aimed to identify the effects of Nano-curcumin on the modulation of inflammatory cytokines in COVID-19 patients.MethodForty COVID-19 patients and 40 healthy controls were recruited and evaluated for inflammatory cytokine expression and secretion. Subsequently, COVID-19 patients were divided into two groups: 20 patients receiving Nano-curcumin and 20 patients as the placebo group. The mRNA expression and cytokine secretion levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and IL‐18 were assessed by Real‐time PCR and ELISA, respectively.ResultOur primary results indicated that the mRNA expression and cytokine secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-18 were increased significantly in COVID-19 patients compared with healthy control group. After treatment with Nano-curcumin, a significant decrease in IL-6 expression and secretion in serum and in supernatant (P = 0.0003, 0.0038, and 0.0001, respectively) and IL-1β gene expression and secretion level in serum and supernatant (P = 0.0017, 0.0082, and 0.0041, respectively) was observed. However, IL-18 mRNA expression and TNF-α concentration were not influenced by Nano-curcumin.ConclusionNano-curcumin, as an anti-inflammatory herbal based agent, may be able to modulate the increased rate of inflammatory cytokines especially IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expression and cytokine secretion in COVID-19 patients, which may cause an improvement in clinical manifestation and overall recovery.