无毒棉籽液抗腹泻作用研究

通过对正常小鼠、生大黄致泻小鼠及脾虚小鼠的作用研究表明，无毒棉籽液有较好的抑制排便频度、治疗腹泻的作用．无毒棉籽液６ｇ／ｋｇ可极其显著地抑制正常小鼠的排便频度，无毒棉籽液６ｇ／ｋｇ和３ｇ／ｋｇ可极其显著地抑制生大黄致泻小鼠及脾虚小鼠的排便频度．６ｇ／ｋｇ无毒棉籽液且可极其显著地抑制正常小鼠及脾虚小鼠的小肠推进运动．     

Mycotoxin Cocktail in the Samples of Oilseed Cake from Early Maturing Cotton Varieties Associated with Cattle Feeding Problems

Cottonseed cake in South East Asia has been associated with health issues in ruminants in the recent years. The present study was carried out to investigate the health issues associated with cottonseed cake feeding in dairy animals in Pakistan. All the cake samples were confirmed to be from early maturing cotton varieties (maturing prior to or during Monsoon). A survey of the resource persons indicated that the feeding problems with cottonseed cake appeared after 4–5 months of post-production storage. All the cake samples had heavy bacterial counts, and contaminated with over a dozen different fungal genera. Screening for toxins revealed co-contamination with toxic levels of nearly a dozen mycotoxins including aflatoxin B₁ + B₂ (556 to 5574 ppb), ochratoxin A + B (47 to 2335 ppb), cyclopiazonic acid (1090 to 6706 ppb), equisetin (2226 to 12672 ppb), rubrofusarin (81 to 1125), tenuazonic acid (549 to 9882 ppb), 3-nitropropionic acid (111 to 1032 ppb), and citrinin (29 to 359 ppb). Two buffalo calves in a diagnostic feed trial also showed signs of complex toxicity. These results indicate that inappropriate processing and storage of the cake, in the typical conditions of the subcontinent, could be the main contributory factors regarding the low quality of cottonseed cake.     

间苯三酚分光光度法测定游离棉酚含量的研究

本文探讨间苯三酚与棉酚呈色反应的最佳条件。在6.6M酸度条件下,其呈色反应具有较高的灵敏度,稳定性好。棉酚含量在0～140μg/ml范围遵循比耳定律,扩大了线性范围。检出极限为1.2 μg/10ml。本法具有灵敏、快速和准确的优点。     

Effect of Nanocellulose on the Properties of Cottonseed Protein Isolate as a Paper Strength Agent

Currently, there is an increasing interest in the use of biopolymers in industrial applications to replace petroleum-based additives, since they are abundantly available, renewable and sustainable. Cottonseed protein is a biopolymer that, when used as a modifier, has shown improved performance for wood adhesives and paper products. Thus, it would be useful to explore the feasibility of using cellulose nanomaterials to further improve the performance of cottonseed protein as a paper strength agent. This research characterized the performance of cottonseed protein isolate with/without cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) to increase the dry strength of filter paper. An application of 10% protein solution with CNCs (10:1) or CNFs (50:1) improved the elongation at break, tensile strength and modulus of treated paper products compared to the improved performance of cottonseed protein alone. Further analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated that the cottonseed protein/nanocellulose composites interacted with the filter paper fibers, imparting an increased dry strength.     

从棉籽饼中提取植酸工艺条件的研究

采用酸浸取、碱沉淀、离子交换、脱色浓缩的工艺路线，详细探讨了从棉籽饼中提取植酸的工艺条件。结果表明，酸浸取的适宜条件是选用２％～４％的ＨＮＯ３为浸取液，棉籽饼与ＨＮＯ３配比为１∶８～１∶１０，搅拌浸取３０～６０ｍｉｎ，浸取２次；较好的沉淀方式是先加Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２调ｐＨ２～４，后加ＮａＯＨ调ｐＨ７～９；离子交换是首先用蒸馏水和阳离子交换树脂溶解菲丁，然后以５０～１００ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ的通液速率通过树脂柱交换；脱色浓缩的理想条件为稀植酸加入０．５％～１．５％活性炭搅拌３０～６０ｍｉｎ，脱色液控制温度３０～５０℃减压浓缩至淡黄色粘稠状。该工艺条件下，植酸收率达８０％以上，产品质量符合美国、日本等国家植酸标准指标。     

无腺体棉籽仁的营养价值—棉籽仁营养成分、棉酚含量、氨基酸利用率

<正> 无腺体棉籽仁蛋白质含量丰富,不含色素腺体,不含或含有很少量的棉酚,因此提油后的饼粕或棉籽仁粉很可能成为动物饲料和人类食品中一种有营养价值的蛋白质来源。从七十年代起,我国棉花育种工作者开始了自己的无腺体棉育种工作并已育出适合我国自然条件的无腺体棉品种,有些品种已开始示范、推广种植。为了使无腺体棉籽及其产品在饲料和食品工业中得到充分利用,促进无腺体棉花品种的培育和推广,我们对本国培育的主要无腺体棉品种的籽仁营养价值进行了初步研究。     

Across-shift lung function variation in cottonseed oil workers

BACKGROUND: The effects of cotton dust on pulmonary function among workers employed in cotton-spinning mills are well known. However, little data exist on the prevalence of this disorder in 'non-textile' cotton industries, including cottonseed oil mills, where high levels of exposure to dust have been demonstrated. AIMS: This study was performed in order to determine the across-shift and across-week decline of FEV(1) and respiratory symptoms among workers in a cottonseed oil mill. METHODS: Sixty-six exposed and 48 unexposed workers of a cottonseed oil mill in Turkey were investigated by questionnaire and lung function test (LFT). LFTs were performed before and after shift on all the working days of the week. Acute airway response was defined as an across-shift decline in FEV(1) of 5% or more on the first working day. RESULTS: Smoking was the only risk factor for having respiratory symptoms. Acute airway response was more frequently observed in the exposed group as compared to the unexposed group (OR = 6.2, 95% CI = 2.3-16.7). The median across-shift decline in FEV(1) on the first day (120 ml) significantly improved on the following days (10, 50, 60 and -30 ml). CONCLUSION: Smoking appears to be the main risk factor for having respiratory symptoms. Cottonseed dust may cause an acute pulmonary function decline on the first working day, but not on the following days of the week. This decline is associated with respiratory symptoms in exposed workers.     

棉籽壳菌糠饲喂卡拉库尔羊效果研究

分析了棉籽壳菌糠饲喂卡拉库尔羊的效果。结果表明 ,用菌糠取代 6 0 %的棉籽壳与取代 4 5 %的棉籽壳和全部用棉籽壳 ,卡拉库尔羊平均日增重差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,而饲料成本比对照组降低 0 .11元 /kg ,经济效益显著     

HPLC法测定氟康唑注射液中有关物质及含量

目的：考察浮小麦中的农药残留量、重金属及有害元素,建立测定浮小麦中棉籽糖及葡萄糖的HPLC法。方法：参照《中国药典》2010年版一部附录方法检测浮小麦中的农药残留量、重金属及有害元素。选用PhenomenexLunaNH,柱,以乙腈-水（70：30）为流动相,流量为1．0mL·min-1,柱温为30℃,采用示差折光检测器,检测池温度为40℃,测定两种糖的含量。结果：药材中含有有机氯类农药残留量和铅、镉、砷、汞、铜等重金属及有害元素的量较低。棉籽糖在2．35-46．92Ug范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率101．0％（RSD=2．0％）;葡萄糖在12．30—123．02μg范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率98．8％（RSD=1．6％）。结论：所建含量测定方法简便、准确、耐用性好,为确保药材质量和指导临床用药提供了参考依据。     

无毒棉籽水提物中抗抑郁活性成分的筛选研究

目的：筛选无毒棉籽水提物有效部位(CTN)中抗抑郁活性成分。方法：提取大脑皮质突触膜，以CTN或其中5个黄酮类单体成分(分别为CTN-4，CTN-7，CTN-8，CTN-9和CTN-10)与突触膜共孵，放射免疫法测定腺苷酸环化酶(adenylate cyclase．AC)活性。结果：与阳性药丁螺环酮(5-HT1A受体部分激动剂)类似，CTN及CTN-4，7，8，9，10均可剂量依赖性激活突触膜AC，其中CTN-8在5个黄酮类单体中活性最强。结论：黄酮类化合物槲皮素-3-O-芹菜糖基芦丁糖苷(即CTN-8)可能是CTN中最强的抗抑郁活性成分之一，并且可能是5-HT1A受体激动剂。