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1.
ObjectiveThe use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in lung transplantation has been steadily increasing over the prior decade, with evolving strategies for incorporating support in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative settings. There is significant practice variability in the use of these techniques, however, and relatively limited data to help establish institutional protocols. The objective of the AATS Clinical Practice Standards Committee (CPSC) expert panel was to review the existing literature and establish recommendations about the use of MCS before, during, and after lung transplantation.MethodsThe AATS CPSC assembled an expert panel of 16 lung transplantation physicians who developed a consensus document of recommendations. The panel was broken into subgroups focused on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative support, and each subgroup performed a focused literature review. These subgroups formulated recommendation statements for each subtopic, which were evaluated by the entire group. The statements were then developed via discussion among the panel and refined until consensus was achieved on each statement.ResultsThe expert panel achieved consensus on 36 recommendations for how and when to use MCS in lung transplantation. These recommendations included the use of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a bridging strategy in the preoperative setting, a preference for central veno-arterial ECMO over traditional cardiopulmonary bypass during the transplantation procedure, and the benefit of supporting selected patients with MCS postoperatively.ConclusionsAchieving optimal results in lung transplantation requires the use of a wide range of strategies. MCS provides an important mechanism for helping these critically ill patients through the peritransplantation period. Despite the complex nature of the decision making process in the treatment of these patients, the expert panel was able to achieve consensus on 36 recommendations. These recommendations should provide guidance for professionals involved in the care of end-stage lung disease patients considered for transplantation.  相似文献   
2.
目的分析超长住院患者分布及影响因素,探讨减少超长住院日的措施。方法从江苏省某三甲医院病案管理系统中调取2020年1月1日-2020年12月31日134016例出院患者的住院病案首页资料,对住院时间≥30天的1401例超长住院患者的分布特征进行统计描述,采用Logistic回归模型分析超长住院日的影响因素。结果2020年全院平均住院日为7.13天,其中超长住院患者平均住院日为41.85天。超长住院患者以60岁以上年龄组最多(39.61%);出院科室主要分布在血液科(42.18%)、普通外科(11.85%)、骨科(7.49%)等;疾病类别主要为肿瘤(47.32%)、影响健康状态和与保健机构接触的因素(10.56%)、循环系统疾病(7.07%)等;多因素Logistic回归结果显示,男性(OR=1.188)、离院方式为非医嘱离院或其他(OR=2.046)和死亡病例(OR=3.362)是超长住院的危险因素。结论控制超长住院日对平均住院日影响显著,医院应加强重点人群、重点科室和重点病种管理提高诊疗管理水平,缩短平均住院日。  相似文献   
3.
目的评估中小学校学生流感疫苗接种效果,开展疫苗接种的卫生经济学评价,为制定流感疫苗接种策略提供依据。方法采用易感者-潜伏者-显性感染者/隐性感染者-移出者/恢复者(susceptible-exposed-infectious/asymptomatic-removed/recovered,SEIARR)动力学模型对既往疫情数据进行模拟,计算累计罹患率评估疫苗接种效果,计算成本-效果和成本-效益进行卫生经济学评价。结果当流感疫苗接种率为0%、50%、70%和90%时,疫情平均累积罹患率为99.79%(99.75%,99.82%)、70.84%(70.58%,71.09%)、56.81%(56.17%,57.45%)和34.29%(32.46%,36.20%),流感疫苗接种率越高,累计罹患率越低;当疫苗接种率为50%、70%和90%时,疫苗的成本-效果比为:141.03(139.86,142.19)元、133.16(131.34,135.08)元和112.90(110.03,116.11)元,疫苗的成本-效益比为:6.27(6.22,6.32)元、6.65(6.56,6.74)元和7.88(7.66,8.09)元;流感疫苗接种率越高,疫苗的成本-效果越好,成本-效益越高。结论接种流感疫苗能有效降低疫情的累计罹患率,提高接种率能有效增加疫苗接种的卫生经济学效应。  相似文献   
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张湛婷 《全科护理》2022,20(6):772-774
目的:探讨会所康复模式在女性精神分裂症恢复期病人中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年2月—2020年3月精神科收治的100例女性精神分裂恢复期病人作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组、观察组各50例,对照组采取常规康复治疗,观察组在常规康复治疗基础上应用会所多维度康复治疗模式。采用阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)、疾病家庭负担量表(FBS)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)、生活满意度指数B量表(LSIB)评价两组病人干预前、干预3个月、干预6个月精神症状、家庭负担、日常生活能力、生活自理能力。结果:两组病人干预3个月、干预6个月PANSS、FBS、ADL及LSIB评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组组内干预前后PANSS、FBS、ADL及LSIB评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:女性精神分裂症病人在恢复阶段应用会所康复模式进行干预可改善其精神症状,缓解其家庭负担,调节其日常生活能力和生活自理能力,提升其生活满意度。  相似文献   
6.
目的:基于共词聚类分析萨提亚模式在我国的研究热点及趋势。方法:在中国知网(CNKI)数据库中以“萨提亚”为主题词进行检索,采用书目共现分析系统(BICOMB)2.0对关键词进行统计分析,运用SPSS 21.0进行系统聚类分析。结果:共纳入168篇文献,截取30个高频关键词,总词频数为267,归纳出萨提亚家庭治疗、萨提亚模式团体心理干预、人际关系与沟通、大学生心理健康教育、积极心理学、冰山理论6个聚类团即6个研究热点。结论:国内萨提亚模式研究热点包括萨提亚家庭治疗、萨提亚模式团体心理干预、人际关系与沟通、大学生心理健康教育、积极心理学、冰山理论。  相似文献   
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《Value in health》2022,25(6):1010-1017
ObjectivesSurvival extrapolation for chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies is challenging, owing to their unique mechanistic properties that translate to complex hazard functions. Axicabtagene ciloleucel is indicated for the treatment of relapse or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma after 2 or more lines of therapy based on the ZUMA-1 trial. Four data snapshots are available, with minimum follow-up of 12, 24, 36, and 48 months. This analysis explores how survival extrapolations for axicabtagene ciloleucel using ZUMA-1 data can be validated and compared.MethodsThree different parametric modeling approaches were applied: standard parametric, spline-based, and cure-based models. Models were compared using a range of metrics, across the 4 data snapshot, including visual fit, plausibility of long-term estimates, statistical goodness of fit, inspection of hazard plots, point-estimate accuracy, and conditional survival estimates.ResultsStandard and spline-based parametric extrapolations were generally incapable of fitting the ZUMA-1 data well. Cure-based models provided the best fit based on the earliest data snapshot, with extrapolations remaining consistent as data matured. At 48 months, the maximum survival overestimate was 8.3% (Gompertz mixture-cure model) versus the maximum underestimate of 33.5% (Weibull standard parametric model).ConclusionsWhere a plateau in the survival curve is clinically plausible, cure-based models may be helpful in making accurate predictions based on immature data. The ability to reliably extrapolate from maturing data may reduce delays in patient access to potentially lifesaving treatments. Additional research is required to understand how models compare in broader contexts, including different treatments and therapeutic areas.  相似文献   
9.
目的 探讨降钙素原(PCT)与维持性血液透析(MHD)患者自体动静脉内瘘(AVF)并发症的关系。方法 选取使用AVF行MHD治疗的患者186例,根据随访过程中超声检查AVF是否出现并发症[狭窄和(或)血栓]分为并 发症组48例和非并发症组138例,收集2组患者透析龄、透析中收缩压下降≥30 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)例数、穿 刺失败或血肿形成例数、是否合并糖尿病等临床资料,并检测2组患者PCT、C反应蛋白(CRP)、血小板(Plt)等指标, 比较2组间上述指标的差异,应用二元Logistic回归分析AVF并发症的影响因素。结果 并发症组合并糖尿病、血液 透析中收缩压下降≥30 mmHg、穿刺失败或血肿形成发生率及PCT、CRP、透析龄高于非并发症组(P<0.05)。2组性 别、年龄、原发疾病、尿素清除指数、体质量指数、每月血液灌流及血液透析滤过时间等比较差异无统计学意义。二 元Logistic回归分析发现,较高水平的PCT、血液透析中收缩压下降≥30 mmHg、穿刺失败或血肿形成是发生AVF并发 症的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 高水平PCT是MHD患者AVF并发症发生的危险因素,临床应重视对微炎症状 态的改善,并注意合理控制血压,避免血液透析中血压快速下降,不断提高穿刺技术。  相似文献   
10.
ObjectiveNew-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac surgery is common, with rates up to 60%. POAF has been associated with early and late stroke, but its association with other cardiovascular outcomes is less known. The objective was to perform a meta-analysis of the studies reporting the association of POAF with perioperative and long-term outcomes in patients with cardiac surgery.MethodsWe performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of studies that presented outcomes for cardiac surgery on the basis of the presence or absence of POAF. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were assessed; 57 studies (246,340 patients) were selected. Perioperative mortality was the primary outcome. Inverse variance method and random model were performed. Leave-one-out analysis, subgroup analyses, and metaregression were conducted.ResultsPOAF was associated with perioperative mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.58-2.33), perioperative stroke (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.90-2.49), perioperative myocardial infarction (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.06-1.54), perioperative acute renal failure (OR, 2.74; 95% CI, 2.42-3.11), hospital (standardized mean difference, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.53-1.07) and intensive care unit stay (standardized mean difference, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.24-0.86), long-term mortality (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.54; 95% CI, 1.40-1.69), long-term stroke (IRR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.21-1.46), and longstanding persistent atrial fibrillation (IRR, 4.73; 95% CI, 3.36-6.66).ConclusionsThe results suggest that POAF after cardiac surgery is associated with an increased occurrence of most short- and long-term cardiovascular adverse events. However, the causality of this association remains to be established.  相似文献   
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